Abstract: Noélbensonite, a new mineral, is the barium manganese analogue of lawsonite. It is described from the Woods ornamental rhodonite mine, 30 km NNE of Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia, where it occurs as aggregates of blocky to sometimes lamellar crystals ranging from a few micrometres to (rarely) 100 µm in length. It replaces NaMn amphibole, namansilite, and pectolite, and also occurs as tiny monomineralic veinlets 0.05–0.25 mm thick. Rare euhedral crystals are dominated by {100} and {011}, with (011) ^ (011¯) = 68°. The mineral is orthorhombic, space group apparently Cmcm; a = 6.325(1), b = 9.120(1), c = 13.618(1) Å, V = 785.6(1) ų, with a : b : c = 0.694 : 1 : 1.493. Noélbensonite is brittle, fracture irregular, Mohs hardness about 4, cleavage and twinning not observed, colour dark brown, streak paler yellow-brown, lustre earthy on some veinlet surfaces to brilliantly vitreous, calculated density 3.87 g/cm³, refractive indices α = 1.82(1),β (calculated from 2V) = 1.835(10), γ = 1.85(1), biaxial negative 2V_α = 46°(3°), strong dispersion r > v, straight extinction to plane of flattening, {100}, α ∥ c, β ∥ b, γ ∥ a with pleochroism in very thin sections: α = orange yellow, β = orange, γ = brownish orange, absorption γ > β ⇐p; α. The average of 23 electron microprobe analyses (wt.%) is SiO₂ 26.02, Al₂O₃ 0.17, TiO₂ 0.01, Fe₂O₃ 0.19, Mn₂O₃ 34.76, CaO 0.31, Na₂O 0.14, BaO 29.08, SrO 1.51, H₂O_calc 7.87, total 100.06, leading to the simplified formula BaMn23+[Si2O7](OH)2·H2O. Up to 15% Sr and 9% Ca substitute for Ba in the large-cation sites. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [(I_obs) d_obs/Å hkl] (100) 4.85 111; (50) 4.557 020; (59) 4.322 021; (77) 3.416 113,004; (80) 2.869 202; (47) 2.849 114; (82) 2.729 024; (45) 2.543 132; (48) 2.428 222; (38) 2.255 223,041. The name is for William Noél Benson (1885–1957), in honour of his classic researches in the New England Fold Belt and of his tenure of the Chair of Geology at the University of Otago.