" R050311 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

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Andradite R050311

Name: Andradite
RRUFF ID: R050311
Ideal Chemistry: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
Locality: Calaveras County, California, USA
Source: Eugene Schlepp
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Deep red crystals
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis

Mineral Group: [ garnet (97) ]

Quick search: [ All Andradite samples (14) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R050311.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	(Ca_2.88Mn_0.07Fe²⁺_0.05)_Σ=3(Fe³⁺_1.39Al_0.59Ti_0.02)_Σ=2((Si_0.99Al_0.01)_Σ=1O₄)₃
Microprobe Data File:	[ Download Excel File ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Sample is oriented, mounted onto a pin.

Pin ID:

M00304

Orientation:

Laser parallel to c* (0 0 1). Fiducial mark perpendicular to laser is parallel to a [1 0 0].

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

Raman Mode Analysis

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R050311

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

INFRARED SPECTRUM (Attenuated Total Reflectance)

RRUFF ID:

R050311.1

Instrument settings:

SensIR Durascope on a Nicolet Magna 860 FTIR

Resolution:

DOWNLOADS:

	Infrared Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R050311.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 11.9779(8)Å b: 11.9779(8)Å c: 11.9779(8)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 90° gamma: 90° Volume: 1718.5(0)Å³ Crystal System: cubic

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Andradite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
d’Andrada J B (1800) Der Eigenschaften und Kennzeichen einiger neuen Fossilien aus Schweden und Norwegen nebst einigen chemischen Bemerkungen über dieselben, Allgemeines Journal der Chemie, 4, 28-39 [view file]
d’Andrada J B (1801) Description of some new fossils (Old English translation), A Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts, 5, 193-196; 211-213 [view file]
Dana J D, Brush G J (1868) E. Lime-Irongarnet ; Andradite, in A System of Mineralogy, Fifth Edition John Wiley and Sons New York 268-270 [view file]
Flint E P, McMurdie H F, Wells L S (1941) Hydrothermal and x-ray studies of the garnet-hydrogarnet series and the relationship of the series to hydration products of Portland cement, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, 26, 13-33 [view file]
Skinner B J (1956) Physical properties of end-members of the garnet group, American Mineralogist, 41, 428-436
Kasowski M A, Hogarth D D (1968) Yttrian andradite from the Gatineau Park, Quebec, The Canadian Mineralogist, 9, 552-558 [view file]
Manning P G (1969) Optical absorption studies of grossular, andradite (var. colophonite) and uvarovite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 9, 723-729 [view file]
Manning P G, Harris D C (1970) Optical-absorption and electron-microprobe studies of some high-Ti andradites, The Canadian Mineralogist, 10, 260-271 [view file]
Novak G A, Gibbs G V (1971) The crystal chemistry of the silicate garnets, American Mineralogist, 56, 791-825 [view file]
McIver J R, Mihálik P (1975) Stannian andradite from "Davib Ost", South West Africa, The Canadian Mineralogist, 13, 217-221 [view file]
Duke J M, Bonardi M (1982) Chromian andradite from Reaume Township, Ontario, The Canadian Mineralogist, 20, 49-53 [view file]
Jan M Q, Windley B F, Wilson R N (1984) Chromian andradite and olivine-chromite relations in a chromitite layer from the Jijal complex, northwestern Pakistan, The Canadian Mineralogist, 22, 341-345 [view file]
Kingma K J, Downs J W (1989) Crystal-structure analysis of a birefringent andradite, American Mineralogist, 74, 1307-1316 [view file]
Hofmeister A M, Chopelas A (1991) Vibrational spectroscopy of end-member silicate garnets, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 17, 503-526 [link]
Madon M, Ibarguchi J I G, Via J, Girardeau J (1991) Characterization and thermodynamic properties of andradite, Ca₃Fe₂Si₃O₁₂, American Mineralogist, 76, 1249-1260 [view file]
Armbruster T, Geiger C A (1993) Andradite crystal chemistry, dynamic X-site disorder and structural strain in silicate garnets, European Journal of Mineralogy, 5, 59-71
Pinckston R D, Smith D G W (1994) Mineralogy of the Lake zone, Thor Lake rare-metals deposit, N.W.T., Canada, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 32, 516-532
Woodland A B, Ross C R (1994) —A crystallographic and mössbauer spectroscopy study of Fe²⁺₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂—Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂Si₃O₁₂, (almandine-"skiagite") and Ca₃Fe³⁺₂Si₃O₁₂—Fe²⁺₃Fe^{3+₂Si₃O₁₂ (andradite-"skiagite") garnet solid solutions, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 21, 117-132 [view file]}
Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C, Memmi I (1995) Structure refinement of hydrous andradite, Ca₃Fe_1.54Mn_0.02Al_0.26(SiO₄)_1.65(O₄H₄)_1.35, from the Wessels mine, Kalahari manganese field, South Africa, European Journal of Mineralogy, 7, 1221-1225
Pilati T, Demartin F, Gramaccioli C M (1996) Atomic displacement parameters for garnets: A lattice-dynamical evaluation, Acta Crystallographica, B52, 239-250
Kolesov B A, Geiger C A (1997) Raman scattering in silicate garnets an investigation of their resonance intensities, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 28, 659-662 [link]
Kolesov B A, Geiger C A (1998) Raman spectra of silicate garnets, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 25, 142-151 [link]
Milman V, Winkler B, Nobes R H, Akhmatchaya E V, Pickard C J, White J A (2000) Garnets: structure, compressibility, dynamics, and disorder, Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, 52, issue 7 22-25
Manoun B, de Waal D, Merkle R (2001) The crystal chemistry and Raman spectroscopy of kimberlitic G-9 garnets, Crystal Engineering, 4, 283-291 [link]
Teertstra D K (2006) Index-of-refraction and unit-cell constraints on cation valence and pattern of order in garnet-group minerals, The Canadian Mineralogist, 44, 341-346 [view file]
Moroz T, Ragozin A, Salikhov D, Belikova G, Puchkov V, Kagi H (2009) Micro-Raman spectra of ugrandite garnet, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 73, 436-439
De La Pierre M, Noël Y, Mustapha S, Meyer A, D'Arco P, Dovesi R (2013) The infrared vibrational spectrum of andradite-grossular solid solutions: A quantum mechanical simulation, American Mineralogist, 98, 966-976
Grew E S, Locock A J, Mills S J, Galuskina I O, Galuskin E V, Hålenius U (2013) Nomenclature of the garnet supergroup, American Mineralogist, 98, 785-811 [view file]
Antao S M, Mohib S, Zaman M, Marr R A (2015) Ti-rich andradites: chemistry, structure, multi-phases, optical anisotropy, and oscillatory zoning, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 133-158
Korinevsky V G (2015) Spessartine-andradite in scapolite pegmatite, Ilmeny Mountains, Russia, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 623-632
Schingaro E, Lacalamita M, Mesto E, Ventruti G, Pedrazzi G, Ottolini L, Scordari F (2016) Crystal chemistry and light elements analysis of Ti-rich garnets, American Mineralogist, 101, 371-384
Geiger C A, Dachs E, Vielreicher N M, Rossman G R (2018) Heat capacity and entropy behavior of andradite: a multi-sample and methodological investigation, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 681-694
Geiger C A, Rossman G R (2018) IR spectroscopy and OH^- in silicate garnet: The long quest to document hydrogarnet substitution, American Mineralogist, 103, 384-393
Urosevic M, Nebel O, Padrón-Navarta J A, Rubatto D (2018) Assessment of O and Fe isotope heterogeneity in garnet from Kakanui (New Zealand) and Erongo (Namibia), European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 695-710

REFERENCES for Andradite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

d’Andrada J B (1800) Der Eigenschaften und Kennzeichen einiger neuen Fossilien aus Schweden und Norwegen nebst einigen chemischen Bemerkungen über dieselben, Allgemeines Journal der Chemie, 4, 28-39 [view file]

d’Andrada J B (1801) Description of some new fossils (Old English translation), A Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts, 5, 193-196; 211-213 [view file]

Dana J D, Brush G J (1868) E. Lime-Irongarnet ; Andradite, in A System of Mineralogy, Fifth Edition John Wiley and Sons New York 268-270 [view file]

Flint E P, McMurdie H F, Wells L S (1941) Hydrothermal and x-ray studies of the garnet-hydrogarnet series and the relationship of the series to hydration products of Portland cement, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, 26, 13-33 [view file]

Skinner B J (1956) Physical properties of end-members of the garnet group, American Mineralogist, 41, 428-436

Kasowski M A, Hogarth D D (1968) Yttrian andradite from the Gatineau Park, Quebec, The Canadian Mineralogist, 9, 552-558 [view file]

Manning P G (1969) Optical absorption studies of grossular, andradite (var. colophonite) and uvarovite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 9, 723-729 [view file]

Manning P G, Harris D C (1970) Optical-absorption and electron-microprobe studies of some high-Ti andradites, The Canadian Mineralogist, 10, 260-271 [view file]

Novak G A, Gibbs G V (1971) The crystal chemistry of the silicate garnets, American Mineralogist, 56, 791-825 [view file]

McIver J R, Mihálik P (1975) Stannian andradite from "Davib Ost", South West Africa, The Canadian Mineralogist, 13, 217-221 [view file]

Duke J M, Bonardi M (1982) Chromian andradite from Reaume Township, Ontario, The Canadian Mineralogist, 20, 49-53 [view file]

Jan M Q, Windley B F, Wilson R N (1984) Chromian andradite and olivine-chromite relations in a chromitite layer from the Jijal complex, northwestern Pakistan, The Canadian Mineralogist, 22, 341-345 [view file]

Kingma K J, Downs J W (1989) Crystal-structure analysis of a birefringent andradite, American Mineralogist, 74, 1307-1316 [view file]

Hofmeister A M, Chopelas A (1991) Vibrational spectroscopy of end-member silicate garnets, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 17, 503-526 [link]

Madon M, Ibarguchi J I G, Via J, Girardeau J (1991) Characterization and thermodynamic properties of andradite, Ca₃Fe₂Si₃O₁₂, American Mineralogist, 76, 1249-1260 [view file]

Armbruster T, Geiger C A (1993) Andradite crystal chemistry, dynamic X-site disorder and structural strain in silicate garnets, European Journal of Mineralogy, 5, 59-71

Pinckston R D, Smith D G W (1994) Mineralogy of the Lake zone, Thor Lake rare-metals deposit, N.W.T., Canada, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 32, 516-532

Woodland A B, Ross C R (1994) —A crystallographic and mössbauer spectroscopy study of Fe²⁺₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂—Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂Si₃O₁₂, (almandine-"skiagite") and Ca₃Fe³⁺₂Si₃O₁₂—Fe²⁺₃Fe^{3+₂Si₃O₁₂ (andradite-"skiagite") garnet solid solutions, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 21, 117-132
[view file]}

Oberti R, Ungaretti L, Cannillo E, Hawthorne F C, Memmi I (1995) Structure refinement of hydrous andradite, Ca₃Fe_1.54Mn_0.02Al_0.26(SiO₄)_1.65(O₄H₄)_1.35, from the Wessels mine, Kalahari manganese field, South Africa, European Journal of Mineralogy, 7, 1221-1225

Pilati T, Demartin F, Gramaccioli C M (1996) Atomic displacement parameters for garnets: A lattice-dynamical evaluation, Acta Crystallographica, B52, 239-250

Kolesov B A, Geiger C A (1997) Raman scattering in silicate garnets an investigation of their resonance intensities, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 28, 659-662 [link]

Kolesov B A, Geiger C A (1998) Raman spectra of silicate garnets, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 25, 142-151 [link]

Milman V, Winkler B, Nobes R H, Akhmatchaya E V, Pickard C J, White J A (2000) Garnets: structure, compressibility, dynamics, and disorder, Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, 52, issue 7 22-25

Manoun B, de Waal D, Merkle R (2001) The crystal chemistry and Raman spectroscopy of kimberlitic G-9 garnets, Crystal Engineering, 4, 283-291 [link]

Teertstra D K (2006) Index-of-refraction and unit-cell constraints on cation valence and pattern of order in garnet-group minerals, The Canadian Mineralogist, 44, 341-346 [view file]

Moroz T, Ragozin A, Salikhov D, Belikova G, Puchkov V, Kagi H (2009) Micro-Raman spectra of ugrandite garnet, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 73, 436-439

De La Pierre M, Noël Y, Mustapha S, Meyer A, D'Arco P, Dovesi R (2013) The infrared vibrational spectrum of andradite-grossular solid solutions: A quantum mechanical simulation, American Mineralogist, 98, 966-976

Grew E S, Locock A J, Mills S J, Galuskina I O, Galuskin E V, Hålenius U (2013) Nomenclature of the garnet supergroup, American Mineralogist, 98, 785-811 [view file]

Antao S M, Mohib S, Zaman M, Marr R A (2015) Ti-rich andradites: chemistry, structure, multi-phases, optical anisotropy, and oscillatory zoning, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 133-158

Korinevsky V G (2015) Spessartine-andradite in scapolite pegmatite, Ilmeny Mountains, Russia, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 623-632

Schingaro E, Lacalamita M, Mesto E, Ventruti G, Pedrazzi G, Ottolini L, Scordari F (2016) Crystal chemistry and light elements analysis of Ti-rich garnets, American Mineralogist, 101, 371-384

Geiger C A, Dachs E, Vielreicher N M, Rossman G R (2018) Heat capacity and entropy behavior of andradite: a multi-sample and methodological investigation, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 681-694

Geiger C A, Rossman G R (2018) IR spectroscopy and OH^- in silicate garnet: The long quest to document hydrogarnet substitution, American Mineralogist, 103, 384-393

Urosevic M, Nebel O, Padrón-Navarta J A, Rubatto D (2018) Assessment of O and Fe isotope heterogeneity in garnet from Kakanui (New Zealand) and Erongo (Namibia), European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 695-710