" X050031 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

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Beryl X050031

Name: Beryl
RRUFF ID: X050031
Ideal Chemistry: Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈
Locality:
Source: G.R. Rossman 121
Owner: Caltech
Description:
Status: The identification of this mineral has been determined only by Raman spectroscopy

Mineral Group: [ Beryl (28) ]

Quick search: [ All Beryl samples (19) ]

REFERENCES for Beryl
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Gesner C (1565) Gemmis, quae erant in veste Aaronis, Liber Graecus, & e regione Latinus, Iola Hierotarantino interprete: cum Corollario Conradi Gesneri, in Sancti Patris Epiphanii Episcopi Cypri ad Diodorum Tyri episcopum, De XII 1-29 [view file]
Wallerius J G (1747) in Mineralogia, eller Mineralriket Stockholm [view file]
Vauquelin L N (1798) Sur une nouvell terre tirée de l´aigue marine, ou beril, Observations sur la Physique, sur l’Histoire Naturelle et sur les Arts, 46, 158-158 [view file]
Radcliffe D, Campbell F A (1966) Beryl from Birch Portage, Saskatchewan, The Canadian Mineralogist, 8, 493-505 [view file]
Gibbs G V, Breck D W, Meagher E P (1968) Structural refinement of hydrous and anhydrous synthetic beryl, Al₂(Be₃Si₆)O₁₈ and emerald, Al_1.9Cr_0.1(Be₃Si₆)O₁₈, Lithos, 1, 275-285
Adams D M, Gardner I R (1974) Single-crystal vibrational spectra of beryl and dioptase, Dalton Transactions, 1974, 1502-1505
Černý P, Hawthorne F C (1976) Refractive indices versus alkali contents in beryl: General limitations and applications to some pegmatitic types, The Canadian Mineralogist, 14, 491-497 [view file]
Černý P, Simpson F M (1977) The Tanco pegmatite at Bernic Lake, Manitoba. IX. Beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 15, 489-499 [view file]
Hawthorne F C, Černý P (1977) The alkali-metal positions in Cs-Li beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 15, 414-421 [view file]
Fritsch E, Rossman G R (1987) An update on color in gems. Part 1: Introduction and colors caused by dispersed metal ions, Gems & Gemology, Fall, 126-139
Hofmeister A M, Hoering T C, Virgo D (1987) Vibrational spectroscopy of of beryllium aluminosilicates: heat capacity calculations from band assignments, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 14, 205-224
Manier-Glavinaz V, Couty R, Lagache M (1989) The removal of alkalis from beryl: Structural adjustments, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 663-671 [view file]
Hagemann H, Lucken A, Bill H, Gysler-Sanz J, Stalder H A (1990) Polarized Raman spectra of beryl and bazzite, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 17, 395-401
Sanders I S, Doff D H (1991) A blue sodic beryl from southeast Ireland, Mineralogical Magazine, 55, 167-172
Sherriff B L, Grundy H D, Hartman J S, Hawthorne F C, Černý P (1991) The incorporation of alkalis in beryl: multi-nuclear MAS NMR and crystal-structure study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 29, 271-285 [view file]
Taylor R P, Fallick A E, Breaks F W (1992) Volatile evolution in Archean rare-element granitic pegmatites: evidence from the hydrogen isotopic composition of channel H₂O in beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 30, 877-893 [view file]
Artioli G, Rindali R, Ståhl K, Zanazzi P F (1993) Structure refinements of beryl by single-crystal neutron and X-ray diffraction, American Mineralogist, 78, 762-768 [view file]
Kim C C, Bell M I, McKeown D A (1995) Vibrational analysis of beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈) and its constituent ring (Si₆O₁₈), Physica B, 205, 193-208
Pilati T, Demartin F, Gramaccioli C M (1997) Lattice-dynamical evaluation of thermodynamic properties and atomic displacement parameters for beryl using a transferable empirical force field, American Mineralogist, 82, 1054-1062 [view file]
Kloprogge J T, Frost R L (2000) Raman microscopic study at 300 and 77 K of some pegmatite minerals from the Iveland-Evje area, Aust-Agder, Southern Norway, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 56, 501-513 [link]
Kolesov B A, Geiger C A (2000) The orientation and vibrational states of H₂O in synthetic alkali-free beryl, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 27, 557-564 [link]
Moroz I, Roth M, Boudeulle M, Panczer G (2000) Raman microspectroscopy and fluorescence of emeralds from various deposits, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 31, 485-490
Diego Gatta G, Nestola F, Bromiley G D, Mattauch S (2006) The real topological configuration of the extra-framework content in alkali-poor beryl: a multi-methodological study, American Mineralogist, 91, 29-34 [view file]
Adamo I, Gatta G D, Rotiroti N, Diella V, Pavese A (2008) Gemmological investigation of a synthetic blue beryl: a multi-methodological study, Mineralogical Magazine, 72, 799-808 [view file]
Fukuda J, Shinoda K, Nakashima S, Miyoshi N, Aikawa N (2009) Polarized infrared spectroscopic study of diffusion of water molecules along structure channels in beryl, American Mineralogist, 94, 981-985 [view file]
Groat L A, Rossman G R, Dyar M D, Turner D, Piccoli P M B, Schultz A J, Ottolini L (2010) Crystal chemistry of dark blue aquamarine from the True Blue showing, Yukon Territory, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist, 48, 597-613 [view file]
Huong L T T, Häger T, Hofmeister W (2010) Confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy: a powerful tool to identify natural and synthetic emeralds, Gems & Gemology, 46, 36-41
Andersson L O (2013) The yellow color center and trapped electrons in beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 51, 15-25
Přikryl J, Novák M, Filip J, Gadas P, Galiová M V (2014) Iron+magnesium-bearing beryl from granitic pegmatites: an empa, LA-ICP-MS, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and powder XRD study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 271-284
Sardi F G, Heimann A (2014) Pegmatitic beryl as indicator of melt evolution: example from the Velasco district, Pampeana Pegmatite Province, Argentina, and review of worldwide occurrences, The Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 809-836
Ollier N, Fuchs Y, Cavani O, Horn A H, Rossano S (2015) Influence of impurities on Cr³⁺ luminescence properties in Brazilian emerald and alexandrite, European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 783-792
Mashkovtsev R I, Thomas V G, Fursenko D A, Zhukova E S, Uskov V V, Gorshunov B P (2016) FTIR spectroscopy of D₂O and HDO molecules in the c-axis channels of synthetic beryl, American Mineralogist, 101, 175-180
Tempesta G, Agrosì G (2016) Standardless, minimally destructive chemical analysis of red beryls by means of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, European Journal of Mineralogy, 28, 571-580
Jehlička J, Culka A, Bersani D, Vandenabeele P (2017) Comparison of seven portable Raman spectrometers: beryl as a case study, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 48, 1289-1299
Kurumathoor R, Franz Gerhard (2018) Etch pits on beryl as indicators of dissolution behavior, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 107-124
Andersson L O (2019) Comments on beryl colors and on other observations regarding iron-containing beryls, The Canadian Mineralogist, 57, 551-566
Franz G, Vyshnevskyi O, Taran M, Khomenko V, Wiedenbeck M, Schiperski F, Nissen J (2020) A new emerald occurrence from Kruta Balka, Western Peri-Azovian region, Ukraine: Implications for understanding the crystal chemistry of emerald, American Mineralogist, 105, 162
Henry R E, Groat L E, Cempírek J, Škoda R, Holá M (2023) Predicting the crystal structure of beryl from the chemical composition, The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 61, 873-897

REFERENCES for Beryl

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Gesner C (1565) Gemmis, quae erant in veste Aaronis, Liber Graecus, & e regione Latinus, Iola Hierotarantino interprete: cum Corollario Conradi Gesneri, in Sancti Patris Epiphanii Episcopi Cypri ad Diodorum Tyri episcopum, De XII 1-29 [view file]

Wallerius J G (1747) in Mineralogia, eller Mineralriket Stockholm [view file]

Vauquelin L N (1798) Sur une nouvell terre tirée de l´aigue marine, ou beril, Observations sur la Physique, sur l’Histoire Naturelle et sur les Arts, 46, 158-158 [view file]

Radcliffe D, Campbell F A (1966) Beryl from Birch Portage, Saskatchewan, The Canadian Mineralogist, 8, 493-505 [view file]

Gibbs G V, Breck D W, Meagher E P (1968) Structural refinement of hydrous and anhydrous synthetic beryl, Al₂(Be₃Si₆)O₁₈ and emerald, Al_1.9Cr_0.1(Be₃Si₆)O₁₈, Lithos, 1, 275-285

Adams D M, Gardner I R (1974) Single-crystal vibrational spectra of beryl and dioptase, Dalton Transactions, 1974, 1502-1505

Černý P, Hawthorne F C (1976) Refractive indices versus alkali contents in beryl: General limitations and applications to some pegmatitic types, The Canadian Mineralogist, 14, 491-497 [view file]

Černý P, Simpson F M (1977) The Tanco pegmatite at Bernic Lake, Manitoba. IX. Beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 15, 489-499 [view file]

Hawthorne F C, Černý P (1977) The alkali-metal positions in Cs-Li beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 15, 414-421 [view file]

Fritsch E, Rossman G R (1987) An update on color in gems. Part 1: Introduction and colors caused by dispersed metal ions, Gems & Gemology, Fall, 126-139

Hofmeister A M, Hoering T C, Virgo D (1987) Vibrational spectroscopy of of beryllium aluminosilicates: heat capacity calculations from band assignments, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 14, 205-224

Manier-Glavinaz V, Couty R, Lagache M (1989) The removal of alkalis from beryl: Structural adjustments, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 663-671 [view file]

Hagemann H, Lucken A, Bill H, Gysler-Sanz J, Stalder H A (1990) Polarized Raman spectra of beryl and bazzite, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 17, 395-401

Sanders I S, Doff D H (1991) A blue sodic beryl from southeast Ireland, Mineralogical Magazine, 55, 167-172

Sherriff B L, Grundy H D, Hartman J S, Hawthorne F C, Černý P (1991) The incorporation of alkalis in beryl: multi-nuclear MAS NMR and crystal-structure study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 29, 271-285 [view file]

Taylor R P, Fallick A E, Breaks F W (1992) Volatile evolution in Archean rare-element granitic pegmatites: evidence from the hydrogen isotopic composition of channel H₂O in beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 30, 877-893 [view file]

Artioli G, Rindali R, Ståhl K, Zanazzi P F (1993) Structure refinements of beryl by single-crystal neutron and X-ray diffraction, American Mineralogist, 78, 762-768 [view file]

Kim C C, Bell M I, McKeown D A (1995) Vibrational analysis of beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈) and its constituent ring (Si₆O₁₈), Physica B, 205, 193-208

Pilati T, Demartin F, Gramaccioli C M (1997) Lattice-dynamical evaluation of thermodynamic properties and atomic displacement parameters for beryl using a transferable empirical force field, American Mineralogist, 82, 1054-1062 [view file]

Kloprogge J T, Frost R L (2000) Raman microscopic study at 300 and 77 K of some pegmatite minerals from the Iveland-Evje area, Aust-Agder, Southern Norway, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 56, 501-513 [link]

Kolesov B A, Geiger C A (2000) The orientation and vibrational states of H₂O in synthetic alkali-free beryl, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 27, 557-564 [link]

Moroz I, Roth M, Boudeulle M, Panczer G (2000) Raman microspectroscopy and fluorescence of emeralds from various deposits, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 31, 485-490

Diego Gatta G, Nestola F, Bromiley G D, Mattauch S (2006) The real topological configuration of the extra-framework content in alkali-poor beryl: a multi-methodological study, American Mineralogist, 91, 29-34 [view file]

Adamo I, Gatta G D, Rotiroti N, Diella V, Pavese A (2008) Gemmological investigation of a synthetic blue beryl: a multi-methodological study, Mineralogical Magazine, 72, 799-808 [view file]

Fukuda J, Shinoda K, Nakashima S, Miyoshi N, Aikawa N (2009) Polarized infrared spectroscopic study of diffusion of water molecules along structure channels in beryl, American Mineralogist, 94, 981-985 [view file]

Groat L A, Rossman G R, Dyar M D, Turner D, Piccoli P M B, Schultz A J, Ottolini L (2010) Crystal chemistry of dark blue aquamarine from the True Blue showing, Yukon Territory, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist, 48, 597-613 [view file]

Huong L T T, Häger T, Hofmeister W (2010) Confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy: a powerful tool to identify natural and synthetic emeralds, Gems & Gemology, 46, 36-41

Andersson L O (2013) The yellow color center and trapped electrons in beryl, The Canadian Mineralogist, 51, 15-25

Přikryl J, Novák M, Filip J, Gadas P, Galiová M V (2014) Iron+magnesium-bearing beryl from granitic pegmatites: an empa, LA-ICP-MS, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and powder XRD study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 271-284

Sardi F G, Heimann A (2014) Pegmatitic beryl as indicator of melt evolution: example from the Velasco district, Pampeana Pegmatite Province, Argentina, and review of worldwide occurrences, The Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 809-836

Ollier N, Fuchs Y, Cavani O, Horn A H, Rossano S (2015) Influence of impurities on Cr³⁺ luminescence properties in Brazilian emerald and alexandrite, European Journal of Mineralogy, 27, 783-792

Mashkovtsev R I, Thomas V G, Fursenko D A, Zhukova E S, Uskov V V, Gorshunov B P (2016) FTIR spectroscopy of D₂O and HDO molecules in the c-axis channels of synthetic beryl, American Mineralogist, 101, 175-180

Tempesta G, Agrosì G (2016) Standardless, minimally destructive chemical analysis of red beryls by means of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, European Journal of Mineralogy, 28, 571-580

Jehlička J, Culka A, Bersani D, Vandenabeele P (2017) Comparison of seven portable Raman spectrometers: beryl as a case study, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 48, 1289-1299

Kurumathoor R, Franz Gerhard (2018) Etch pits on beryl as indicators of dissolution behavior, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 107-124

Andersson L O (2019) Comments on beryl colors and on other observations regarding iron-containing beryls, The Canadian Mineralogist, 57, 551-566

Franz G, Vyshnevskyi O, Taran M, Khomenko V, Wiedenbeck M, Schiperski F, Nissen J (2020) A new emerald occurrence from Kruta Balka, Western Peri-Azovian region, Ukraine: Implications for understanding the crystal chemistry of emerald, American Mineralogist, 105, 162

Henry R E, Groat L E, Cempírek J, Škoda R, Holá M (2023) Predicting the crystal structure of beryl from the chemical composition, The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 61, 873-897