) R050304 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Schorl R050304

Name: Schorl
RRUFF ID: R050304
Ideal Chemistry: NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
Locality: Erongo Mountains, Namibia
Source: Eugene Schlepp
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Black prismatic crystal associated with quartz and orthoclase
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis

Mineral Group: [ tourmaline (49) ]

Quick search: [ All Schorl samples (3) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R050304.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	(Na_0.86◻_0.14)_Σ=1(Fe²⁺_2.68Mg_0.22Al_0.06Ti_0.04)_Σ=3Al_6.00(BO₃)₃Si_6.00O₁₈(OH)₄
Microprobe Data File:	[ Download Excel File ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

Raman Mode Analysis

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R050304

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File
	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

INFRARED SPECTRUM (Attenuated Total Reflectance)

RRUFF ID:

R050304.1

Instrument settings:

SensIR Durascope on a Nicolet Magna 860 FTIR

Resolution:

DOWNLOADS:

	Infrared Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R050304.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 16.0042(7)Å b: 16.0042(7)Å c: 7.1826(4)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 90° gamma: 120° Volume: 1593.3(0)Å³ Crystal System: hexagonal

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Schorl
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Mathesius J (1562) Die XIIII. Predig/Die viertzehende Predig Von Müntz/ Gewicht/ und zahl so in der Biblien gedache wirde, in Sarepta Oder Bergpostill Sampt der Jochimβthalischen kurtzen Chroniken Berg und Thallober den Herrn Nürnberg 229-233 [view file]
Linnæi C (1748) 2. Stannum crystallis columnaribus nigris (Schorl), in Systema Naturæ Impensis Godofr. Kiesewetteri Leipzig 181-181 [view file]
Hoffmann C A S (1789) Mineralsystem des Herrn Inspektor Werners mit dessen Erlaubnis herausgegeben von C A S Hoffmann, Bergmannisches Journal, 1, 369-398 [view file]
Fortier S, Donnay G (1975) Schorl refinement showing composition dependence of the tourmaline structure, The Canadian Mineralogist, 13, 173-177 [view file]
Alvarez M A, Coy-Yll R (1978) Raman spectra of tourmaline, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 34, 899-908
Schmetzer K, Nuber B, Abraham K (1979) Zur Kristallchemie Magnesium-reicher Turmaline, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 136, 93-112
Foit F F (1989) Crystal chemistry of alkali-deficient schorl and tourmaline structural relationships, American Mineralogist, 74, 422-431 [view file]
Foit Jr. F F (1990) X-ray and optical data for alkali cation-deficient schorls from Jack Creek, Montana, U.S.A. and Ben Lomond, North Queensland, Australia, Powder Diffraction, 5, 213-218 [view file]
Grice J D, Ercit T S (1993) Ordering of Fe and Mg in the tourmaline crystal structure: The correct formula, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 165, 245-266 [view file]
Gashrova B, Mihailova B, Konstantinov L (1997) Raman spectra of various types of tourmaline, European Journal of Mineralogy, 9, 935-940
Dyar M D, Taylor M E, Lutz T M, Francis C A, Guidotti C V, Wise M (1998) Inclusive chemical characterization of tourmaline: Mössbauer study of Fe valence and site occupancy, American Mineralogist, 83, 848-864 [view file]
Bloodaxe E S, Hughes J M, Dyar M D, Grew E S, Guidotti C V (1999) Linking structure and chemistry in the schorl-dravite series, American Mineralogist, 84, 922-928 [view file]
Hawthorne F C, Henry D J (1999) Classification of the minerals of the tourmaline group, European Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 201-215 [view file]
Cámara F, Ottolini L, Hawthorne F C (2002) Crystal chemistry of three tourmalines by SREF, EMPA and SIMS, American Mineralogist, 87, 1437-1442 [view file]
Ondruš P, Veselovský F, Gabašová A, Hloušek J, Šrein V, Vavrín I, Skála R, Sejkora J, Drábek M (2003) Primary minerals of the Jáchymov ore district, Journal of the Czech Geological Society, 48, 19-147 [view file]
Bosi F, Lucchesi S (2004) Crystal chemistry of the schorl-dravite series, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 335-344
Novák M, Povondra P, Selway J B (2004) Schorl - oxy-schorl to dravite - oxy-dravite tourmaline from granitic pegmatites; examples from the Moldanubicum, Czech Republic, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 323-333
Bosi F, Andreozzi G B, Federico M, Graziani G, Lucchesi S (2005) Crystal chemistry of the elbaite-schorl series, American Mineralogist, 90, 1784-1792 [view file]
Ertl A (2006) Über die Etymologie und die Typlokalitäten des Minerals Schörl, Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft, 152, 7-16
Ertl A, Kolitsch U, Prowatke S, Dyar M D, Henry D J (2006) The F-analogue of schorl from Grasstein, Trentino - South Tyrol, Italy: crystal structure and chemistry, European Journal of Mineralogy, 18, 583-588
Ertl A, Marschall H R, Giester G, Henry D J, Schertl H P, Ntaflos T, Luvizotto G L, Nasdala L, Tillmanns E (2010) Metamorphic ultrahigh-pressure tourmaline: structure, chemistry, and correlations to P-T conditions, American Mineralogist, 95, 1-10 [view file]
Henry D J, Novák M, Hawthorne F C, Ertl A, Dutrow B L, Uher P, Pezzotta F (2011) Nomenclature of the tourmaline-supergroup minerals, American Mineralogist, 96, 895-913 [view file]
Ertl A, Schuster R, Hughes J M, Ludwig T, Meyer H-P, Finger F, Dyar M D, Ruschel K, Rossman G R, Klötzli U, Brandstätter F, Lengauer C L, Tillmanns E (2012) Li-bearing tourmalines in Variscan granitic pegmatites from the Moldanubian nappes, Lower Austria, European Journal of Mineralogy, 24, 695-715
Kolitsch U, Andresen P, Husdal T A, Ertl A, Haugen A, Ellingsen H V, Larsen A O (2013) Tourmaline-group minerals from Norway, part II: Occurrences of luinaite-(OH) in Tvedalen, Larvik and Porsgrunn, and fluor-liddicoatite, fluor-elbaite and fluor-schorl at Ågskardet, Nordland, Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 50, 23-41
Bačík P (2015) Cation ordering at octahedral sites in schorl-dravite series tourmalines, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 571-590
Bosi F, Andreozzi G B, Hålenius U, Skogby H (2015) Experimental evidence for partial Fe²⁺ disorder at the Y and Z sites of tourmaline: a combined EMP, SREF, MS, IR and OAS study of schorl, Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 515-528
Ertl A, Kolitsch U, Dyar M D, Meyer H, Rossman G R, Henry D J, Prem M, Ludwig T, Nasdala L, Lengauer C L, Tillmanns E, Niedermayr G (2016) Fluor-schorl, a new member of the tourmaline supergroup, and new data on schorl from the cotype localities, European Journal of Mineralogy, 28, 163-177 [view file]
Watenphul A, Burgdorf M, Schlüter J, Horn I, Malcherek T, Mihailova B (2016) Exploring the potential of Raman spectroscopy for crystallochemical analyses of complex hydrous silicates: II. Tourmalines, American Mineralogist, 101, 970-985
Lensing-Burgdorf M, Watenphul A, Schlüter J, Mihailova B (2017) Crystal chemistry of tourmalines from the Erongo Mountains, Namibia, studied by Raman spectroscopy, European Journal of Mineralogy, 29, 257-267
Bosi F (2018) Tourmaline crystal chemistry, American Mineralogist, 103, 298-306 [view file]
Cámara F, Bosi F, Skogby H, Hålenius U, Celata B, Ciriotti M E (2022) Schorl-1A from Langesundsfjord (Norway), Journal of Geosciences, 67, 129-139 [view file]
Miyawaki R, Hatert F, Pasero M, Mills S J (2022) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) - Newsletter 65, European Journal of Mineralogy, 34, 143-148 [view file]

REFERENCES for Schorl

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Mathesius J (1562) Die XIIII. Predig/Die viertzehende Predig Von Müntz/ Gewicht/ und zahl so in der Biblien gedache wirde, in Sarepta Oder Bergpostill Sampt der Jochimβthalischen kurtzen Chroniken Berg und Thallober den Herrn Nürnberg 229-233 [view file]

Linnæi C (1748) 2. Stannum crystallis columnaribus nigris (Schorl), in Systema Naturæ Impensis Godofr. Kiesewetteri Leipzig 181-181 [view file]

Hoffmann C A S (1789) Mineralsystem des Herrn Inspektor Werners mit dessen Erlaubnis herausgegeben von C A S Hoffmann, Bergmannisches Journal, 1, 369-398 [view file]

Fortier S, Donnay G (1975) Schorl refinement showing composition dependence of the tourmaline structure, The Canadian Mineralogist, 13, 173-177 [view file]

Alvarez M A, Coy-Yll R (1978) Raman spectra of tourmaline, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 34, 899-908

Schmetzer K, Nuber B, Abraham K (1979) Zur Kristallchemie Magnesium-reicher Turmaline, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 136, 93-112

Foit F F (1989) Crystal chemistry of alkali-deficient schorl and tourmaline structural relationships, American Mineralogist, 74, 422-431 [view file]

Foit Jr. F F (1990) X-ray and optical data for alkali cation-deficient schorls from Jack Creek, Montana, U.S.A. and Ben Lomond, North Queensland, Australia, Powder Diffraction, 5, 213-218 [view file]

Grice J D, Ercit T S (1993) Ordering of Fe and Mg in the tourmaline crystal structure: The correct formula, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 165, 245-266 [view file]

Gashrova B, Mihailova B, Konstantinov L (1997) Raman spectra of various types of tourmaline, European Journal of Mineralogy, 9, 935-940

Dyar M D, Taylor M E, Lutz T M, Francis C A, Guidotti C V, Wise M (1998) Inclusive chemical characterization of tourmaline: Mössbauer study of Fe valence and site occupancy, American Mineralogist, 83, 848-864 [view file]

Bloodaxe E S, Hughes J M, Dyar M D, Grew E S, Guidotti C V (1999) Linking structure and chemistry in the schorl-dravite series, American Mineralogist, 84, 922-928 [view file]

Hawthorne F C, Henry D J (1999) Classification of the minerals of the tourmaline group, European Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 201-215 [view file]

Cámara F, Ottolini L, Hawthorne F C (2002) Crystal chemistry of three tourmalines by SREF, EMPA and SIMS, American Mineralogist, 87, 1437-1442 [view file]

Ondruš P, Veselovský F, Gabašová A, Hloušek J, Šrein V, Vavrín I, Skála R, Sejkora J, Drábek M (2003) Primary minerals of the Jáchymov ore district, Journal of the Czech Geological Society, 48, 19-147 [view file]

Bosi F, Lucchesi S (2004) Crystal chemistry of the schorl-dravite series, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 335-344

Novák M, Povondra P, Selway J B (2004) Schorl - oxy-schorl to dravite - oxy-dravite tourmaline from granitic pegmatites; examples from the Moldanubicum, Czech Republic, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 323-333

Bosi F, Andreozzi G B, Federico M, Graziani G, Lucchesi S (2005) Crystal chemistry of the elbaite-schorl series, American Mineralogist, 90, 1784-1792 [view file]

Ertl A (2006) Über die Etymologie und die Typlokalitäten des Minerals Schörl, Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft, 152, 7-16

Ertl A, Kolitsch U, Prowatke S, Dyar M D, Henry D J (2006) The F-analogue of schorl from Grasstein, Trentino - South Tyrol, Italy: crystal structure and chemistry, European Journal of Mineralogy, 18, 583-588

Ertl A, Marschall H R, Giester G, Henry D J, Schertl H P, Ntaflos T, Luvizotto G L, Nasdala L, Tillmanns E (2010) Metamorphic ultrahigh-pressure tourmaline: structure, chemistry, and correlations to P-T conditions, American Mineralogist, 95, 1-10 [view file]

Henry D J, Novák M, Hawthorne F C, Ertl A, Dutrow B L, Uher P, Pezzotta F (2011) Nomenclature of the tourmaline-supergroup minerals, American Mineralogist, 96, 895-913 [view file]

Ertl A, Schuster R, Hughes J M, Ludwig T, Meyer H-P, Finger F, Dyar M D, Ruschel K, Rossman G R, Klötzli U, Brandstätter F, Lengauer C L, Tillmanns E (2012) Li-bearing tourmalines in Variscan granitic pegmatites from the Moldanubian nappes, Lower Austria, European Journal of Mineralogy, 24, 695-715

Kolitsch U, Andresen P, Husdal T A, Ertl A, Haugen A, Ellingsen H V, Larsen A O (2013) Tourmaline-group minerals from Norway, part II: Occurrences of luinaite-(OH) in Tvedalen, Larvik and Porsgrunn, and fluor-liddicoatite, fluor-elbaite and fluor-schorl at Ågskardet, Nordland, Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 50, 23-41

Bačík P (2015) Cation ordering at octahedral sites in schorl-dravite series tourmalines, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 571-590

Bosi F, Andreozzi G B, Hålenius U, Skogby H (2015) Experimental evidence for partial Fe²⁺ disorder at the Y and Z sites of tourmaline: a combined EMP, SREF, MS, IR and OAS study of schorl, Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 515-528

Ertl A, Kolitsch U, Dyar M D, Meyer H, Rossman G R, Henry D J, Prem M, Ludwig T, Nasdala L, Lengauer C L, Tillmanns E, Niedermayr G (2016) Fluor-schorl, a new member of the tourmaline supergroup, and new data on schorl from the cotype localities, European Journal of Mineralogy, 28, 163-177 [view file]

Watenphul A, Burgdorf M, Schlüter J, Horn I, Malcherek T, Mihailova B (2016) Exploring the potential of Raman spectroscopy for crystallochemical analyses of complex hydrous silicates: II. Tourmalines, American Mineralogist, 101, 970-985

Lensing-Burgdorf M, Watenphul A, Schlüter J, Mihailova B (2017) Crystal chemistry of tourmalines from the Erongo Mountains, Namibia, studied by Raman spectroscopy, European Journal of Mineralogy, 29, 257-267

Bosi F (2018) Tourmaline crystal chemistry, American Mineralogist, 103, 298-306 [view file]

Cámara F, Bosi F, Skogby H, Hålenius U, Celata B, Ciriotti M E (2022) Schorl-1A from Langesundsfjord (Norway), Journal of Geosciences, 67, 129-139 [view file]

Miyawaki R, Hatert F, Pasero M, Mills S J (2022) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) - Newsletter 65, European Journal of Mineralogy, 34, 143-148 [view file]