,32.2531,-110.948 R060534 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Dravite R060534

Name: Dravite
RRUFF ID: R060534
Ideal Chemistry: NaMg₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
Locality: Sri Lanka
Source: Gemological Institute of America 21937
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Black trigonal prism
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis

Mineral Group: [ tourmaline (49) ]

Quick search: [ All Dravite samples (6) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R060534.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe fragment
Measured Chemistry:	(Na_0.79Ca_0.21)(Mg_0.68Fe²⁺_0.29Ti_0.02Al_0.01)₃Al_6.00(BO₃)₃(Si_0.95Al₀₀₅)_6.00O₁₈(OH)₄

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Sample is oriented and mounted on a pin

Pin ID:

L01032

Orientation:

Laser parallel to c* (0 0 1). Fiducial mark perpendicular to laser is parallel to a [1 0 0].

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R060534

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File
	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R060534.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 15.9696(5)Å b: 15.9696(5)Å c: 7.2058(6)Å
alpha: 90.° beta: 90.° gamma: 120.° Volume: 1591.5(1)Å³ Crystal System: hexagonal

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Dravite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Tschermak G (1884) Turmalin, in Lehrbuch der Mineralogie Alfred Hölder Wein, Austria 470-472 [view file]
Foit F F, Rosenberg P E (1979) The structure of vanadium-bearing tourmaline and its implications regarding tourmaline solid solutions, American Mineralogist, 64, 788-798 [view file]
Schmetzer K, Nuber B, Abraham K (1979) Zur Kristallchemie Magnesium-reicher Turmaline, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 136, 93-112
King R W, Kerrich R (1989) Chromian dravite associated with ultramafic-rock-hosted Archean lode gold deposits, Timmins–Porcupine district, Ontario, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 419-426 [view file]
Peng M, Mao H, Chen L, Chao E C T (1989) The polarized Raman spectra of tourmaline, Annual Report of the Director Geophysical Laboratory, 1989, 99-105 [view file]
Grice J D, Ercit T S (1993) Ordering of Fe and Mg in the tourmaline crystal structure: The correct formula, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 165, 245-266 [view file]
Hawthorne F C, MacDonald D J, Burns P C (1993) Reassignment of cation site occupancies in tourmaline: AI-Mg disorder in the crystal structure of dravite, American Mineralogist, 78, 265-270 [view file]
Gashrova B, Mihailova B, Konstantinov L (1997) Raman spectra of various types of tourmaline, European Journal of Mineralogy, 9, 935-940
Dyar M D, Taylor M E, Lutz T M, Francis C A, Guidotti C V, Wise M (1998) Inclusive chemical characterization of tourmaline: Mössbauer study of Fe valence and site occupancy, American Mineralogist, 83, 848-864 [view file]
Hawthorne F C, Henry D J (1999) Classification of the minerals of the tourmaline group, European Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 201-215 [view file]
Pertlik F, Ertl A, Körner W, Brandstätter F, Schuster R (2003) Na-rich dravite in the marbles from Friesach, Carinthia, Austria: Chemistry and crystal structure, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 2003, 277-288
Bosi F, Lucchesi S, Reznitskii L (2004) Crystal chemistry of the dravite-chromdravite series, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 345-352
Bosi F, Lucchesi S (2004) Crystal chemistry of the schorl-dravite series, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 335-344
Marschall H R, Ertl A, Hughes J M, McCammon C A (2004) Metamorphic Na- and OH-rich disordered dravite with tetrahedral boron, associated with omphacite, from Syros, Greece: chemistry and structure, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 817-823
Novák M, Povondra P, Selway J B (2004) Schorl - oxy-schorl to dravite - oxy-dravite tourmaline from granitic pegmatites; examples from the Moldanubicum, Czech Republic, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 323-333
Bosi F (2008) Disordering of Fe²⁺ over octahedrally coordinated sites of tourmaline, American Mineralogist, 93, 1647-1653 [view file]
Ertl A, Marschall H R, Giester G, Henry D J, Schertl H P, Ntaflos T, Luvizotto G L, Nasdala L, Tillmanns E (2010) Metamorphic ultrahigh-pressure tourmaline: structure, chemistry, and correlations to P-T conditions, American Mineralogist, 95, 1-10 [view file]
Bačík P, Méres Š, Uher P (2011) Vanadium-bearing tourmaline in metacherts from Chvojnica, Slovak Republic: crystal chemistry and multistage evolution, The Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 195-206 [view file]
Henry D J, Novák M, Hawthorne F C, Ertl A, Dutrow B L, Uher P, Pezzotta F (2011) Nomenclature of the tourmaline-supergroup minerals, American Mineralogist, 96, 895-913 [view file]
Hughes J M, Rakovan J, Ertl A, Rossman G R, Baksheev I, Bernhardt H J (2011) Dissymmetrization in tourmaline: the atomic arrangement of sectorally zoned triclinic Ni-bearing dravite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 29-40 [view file]
Bačík P, Uher P, Ertl A, Jonsson E, Nysten P, Kanický V, Vaculovič T (2012) Zoned REE-enriched dravite from a granitic pegmatite in Forshammar Bergslagen Province, Sweden: An EMPA, XRD and LA-ICP-MS study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 50, 825-841 [view file]
Bosi F, Reznitskii L, Skogby H (2012) Oxy-chromium-dravite, NaCr₃(Cr₄Mg₂)(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃O, a new mineral species of the tourmaline supergroup, American Mineralogist, 97, 2024-2030 [view file]
Kolitsch U, Andresen P, Husdal T A, Ertl A, Haugen A, Ellingsen H V, Larsen A O (2013) Tourmaline-group minerals from Norway, part II: Occurrences of luinaite-(OH) in Tvedalen, Larvik and Porsgrunn, and fluor-liddicoatite, fluor-elbaite and fluor-schorl at Ågskardet, Nordland, Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 50, 23-41
Bačík P (2015) Cation ordering at octahedral sites in schorl-dravite series tourmalines, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 571-590
Watenphul A, Burgdorf M, Schlüter J, Horn I, Malcherek T, Mihailova B (2016) Exploring the potential of Raman spectroscopy for crystallochemical analyses of complex hydrous silicates: II. Tourmalines, American Mineralogist, 101, 970-985
Bosi F (2018) Tourmaline crystal chemistry, American Mineralogist, 103, 298-306 [view file]
O’Bannon III E, Beavers C M, Kunz M, Williams Q (2018) High-pressure study of dravite tourmaline: Insights into the accommodating nature of the tourmaline structure, American Mineralogist, 103, 1622–1633
Hovis G L, Tribaudino M, Altomare C, Bosi F (2023) Thermal expansion of minerals in the tourmaline supergroup, American Mineralogist, 108, 1053-1063

REFERENCES for Dravite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Tschermak G (1884) Turmalin, in Lehrbuch der Mineralogie Alfred Hölder Wein, Austria 470-472 [view file]

Foit F F, Rosenberg P E (1979) The structure of vanadium-bearing tourmaline and its implications regarding tourmaline solid solutions, American Mineralogist, 64, 788-798 [view file]

Schmetzer K, Nuber B, Abraham K (1979) Zur Kristallchemie Magnesium-reicher Turmaline, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 136, 93-112

King R W, Kerrich R (1989) Chromian dravite associated with ultramafic-rock-hosted Archean lode gold deposits, Timmins–Porcupine district, Ontario, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 419-426 [view file]

Peng M, Mao H, Chen L, Chao E C T (1989) The polarized Raman spectra of tourmaline, Annual Report of the Director Geophysical Laboratory, 1989, 99-105 [view file]

Grice J D, Ercit T S (1993) Ordering of Fe and Mg in the tourmaline crystal structure: The correct formula, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 165, 245-266 [view file]

Hawthorne F C, MacDonald D J, Burns P C (1993) Reassignment of cation site occupancies in tourmaline: AI-Mg disorder in the crystal structure of dravite, American Mineralogist, 78, 265-270 [view file]

Gashrova B, Mihailova B, Konstantinov L (1997) Raman spectra of various types of tourmaline, European Journal of Mineralogy, 9, 935-940

Dyar M D, Taylor M E, Lutz T M, Francis C A, Guidotti C V, Wise M (1998) Inclusive chemical characterization of tourmaline: Mössbauer study of Fe valence and site occupancy, American Mineralogist, 83, 848-864 [view file]

Hawthorne F C, Henry D J (1999) Classification of the minerals of the tourmaline group, European Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 201-215 [view file]

Pertlik F, Ertl A, Körner W, Brandstätter F, Schuster R (2003) Na-rich dravite in the marbles from Friesach, Carinthia, Austria: Chemistry and crystal structure, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 2003, 277-288

Bosi F, Lucchesi S, Reznitskii L (2004) Crystal chemistry of the dravite-chromdravite series, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 345-352

Bosi F, Lucchesi S (2004) Crystal chemistry of the schorl-dravite series, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 335-344

Marschall H R, Ertl A, Hughes J M, McCammon C A (2004) Metamorphic Na- and OH-rich disordered dravite with tetrahedral boron, associated with omphacite, from Syros, Greece: chemistry and structure, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 817-823

Novák M, Povondra P, Selway J B (2004) Schorl - oxy-schorl to dravite - oxy-dravite tourmaline from granitic pegmatites; examples from the Moldanubicum, Czech Republic, European Journal of Mineralogy, 16, 323-333

Bosi F (2008) Disordering of Fe²⁺ over octahedrally coordinated sites of tourmaline, American Mineralogist, 93, 1647-1653 [view file]

Ertl A, Marschall H R, Giester G, Henry D J, Schertl H P, Ntaflos T, Luvizotto G L, Nasdala L, Tillmanns E (2010) Metamorphic ultrahigh-pressure tourmaline: structure, chemistry, and correlations to P-T conditions, American Mineralogist, 95, 1-10 [view file]

Bačík P, Méres Š, Uher P (2011) Vanadium-bearing tourmaline in metacherts from Chvojnica, Slovak Republic: crystal chemistry and multistage evolution, The Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 195-206 [view file]

Henry D J, Novák M, Hawthorne F C, Ertl A, Dutrow B L, Uher P, Pezzotta F (2011) Nomenclature of the tourmaline-supergroup minerals, American Mineralogist, 96, 895-913 [view file]

Hughes J M, Rakovan J, Ertl A, Rossman G R, Baksheev I, Bernhardt H J (2011) Dissymmetrization in tourmaline: the atomic arrangement of sectorally zoned triclinic Ni-bearing dravite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 29-40 [view file]

Bačík P, Uher P, Ertl A, Jonsson E, Nysten P, Kanický V, Vaculovič T (2012) Zoned REE-enriched dravite from a granitic pegmatite in Forshammar Bergslagen Province, Sweden: An EMPA, XRD and LA-ICP-MS study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 50, 825-841 [view file]

Bosi F, Reznitskii L, Skogby H (2012) Oxy-chromium-dravite, NaCr₃(Cr₄Mg₂)(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃O, a new mineral species of the tourmaline supergroup, American Mineralogist, 97, 2024-2030 [view file]

Kolitsch U, Andresen P, Husdal T A, Ertl A, Haugen A, Ellingsen H V, Larsen A O (2013) Tourmaline-group minerals from Norway, part II: Occurrences of luinaite-(OH) in Tvedalen, Larvik and Porsgrunn, and fluor-liddicoatite, fluor-elbaite and fluor-schorl at Ågskardet, Nordland, Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 50, 23-41

Bačík P (2015) Cation ordering at octahedral sites in schorl-dravite series tourmalines, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 571-590

Watenphul A, Burgdorf M, Schlüter J, Horn I, Malcherek T, Mihailova B (2016) Exploring the potential of Raman spectroscopy for crystallochemical analyses of complex hydrous silicates: II. Tourmalines, American Mineralogist, 101, 970-985

Bosi F (2018) Tourmaline crystal chemistry, American Mineralogist, 103, 298-306 [view file]

O’Bannon III E, Beavers C M, Kunz M, Williams Q (2018) High-pressure study of dravite tourmaline: Insights into the accommodating nature of the tourmaline structure, American Mineralogist, 103, 1622–1633

Hovis G L, Tribaudino M, Altomare C, Bosi F (2023) Thermal expansion of minerals in the tourmaline supergroup, American Mineralogist, 108, 1053-1063