----- R060430 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Alunite R060430

Name: Alunite
RRUFF ID: R060430
Ideal Chemistry: KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Locality: Wendy Pit, El Indio Gold mine, Tambo, Coquimbo District, Chile
Source: Michael Scott S100144 [view label]
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Colorless transparent hexagonal plates
Status: The identification of this mineral is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis.

Quick search: [ All Alunite samples (2) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R060430.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	(K_0.94Na_0.06)_Σ=1Al_3.00(S_1.00O₄)₂(OH)₆
Microprobe Data File:	[ Download Excel File ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R060430

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R060430.9

Sample Description:

Single crystal, powder profile is calculated

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 6.979(3)Å b: 6.979(3)Å c: 17.284(6)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 90° gamma: 120° Volume: 729.1(5)Å³ Crystal System: hexagonal

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Alunite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Gesner C (1565) Alumen, in De omni rerum fossilium genere, gemmis, lapidibus, metallis, et huiusmodi, libri aliquot, plerique nunc primum editi Excudebat Iacobus Gesnerus 11-13 [view file]
Delamétherie J C (1797) De l’aluminilite, Theorie de la Terre, 2nd Edition, Vol 2, 113-118 [view file]
Beudant F S (1824) 22^e espèce. Alunite, in Traité Élémentaire de Minéralogie Chez Verdière, Libraire Paris 449-450 [view file]
Hillebrand W F, Penfield S L (1902) Some additions to the alunite-jarosite group of minerals, American Journal of Science, 164, 211-220 [view file]
Pabst A (1947) Some computations on svanbergite, woodhouseite and alunite, American Mineralogist, 32, 16-30 [view file]
Fleischer M (1951) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 36, 381-384 [view file]
Fleischer M (1963) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 48, 1178-1184 [view file]
Wang R, Bradley W F, Steinfink H (1965) The crystal structure of alunite, Acta Crystallographica, 18, 249-252
Omori K (1971) Normal modes of vibration of alunite, Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan, 10, 1-9 [view file]
Menchetti S, Sabelli C (1976) Crystal chemistry of the alunite series: crystal structure refinement of alunite and synthetic jarosite, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 1976, 406-417
Ripmeester J A, Ratcliffe C I, Dutrizac J E, Jambor J L (1986) Hydronium ion in the alunite - jarosite group, The Canadian Mineralogist, 24, 435-447 [view file]
Scott K M (1987) Solid solution in, and classification of, gossan-derived members of the alunite-jarosite family, northwest Queensland, Australia, American Mineralogist, 72, 178-187 [view file]
Jambor J L, Kovalenker V A, Roberts A C (1995) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 80, 630-635 [view file]
Jambor J L (1999) Nomenclature of the alunite supergroup, The Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 1323-1341 [view file]
Schukow H, Breitinger D K, Zeiske T, Kubanek F, Mohr J, Schwab R G (1999) Localization of hydrogen and content of oxonium cations in alunite via neutron diffraction, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 625, 1047-1050
Lager G A, Swayze G A, Loong C K, Rotella F J, Richardson J W, Stoffregen R E (2001) Neutron spectroscopic study of synthetic alunite and oxonium–substituted alunite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 39, 1131-1138 [view file]
Bishop J L, Murad E (2005) The visible and infrared spectral properties of jarosite and alunite, American Mineralogist, 90, 1100-1107 [view file]
Frost R L, Wills R A, Weier M L, Martens W, Kloprogge J T (2006) A Raman spectroscopic study of alunites, Journal of Molecular Structure, 785, 123-132
Majzlan J, Speziale S, Duffy T S, Burns P C (2006) Single-crystal elastic properties of alunite, KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 33, 567-573
Papike J J, Karner J M, Spilde M N, Shearer C K (2006) Terrestrial analogs of martian sulfates: Major and minor element systematics of alunite-jarosite from Goldfield, Nevada, American Mineralogist, 91, 1197-1200 [view file]
Lane M D (2007) Mid-infrared emission spectroscopy of sulfate and sulfate-bearing minerals, American Mineralogist, 92, 1-18 [view file]
Nielsen U G, Majzlan J, Phillips B, Ziliox M, Grey C P (2007) Characterization of defects and local structure in natural and synthetic alunite (K,Na,H₃O)Al₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ by multi-nuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy, American Mineralogist, 92, 587-597 [view file]
Murphy P J, Smith A M L, Hudson-Edwards K A, Dubbin W E, Wright K (2009) Raman and IR spectroscopic studies of alunite-supergroup compounds containing Al, Cr³⁺, Fe³⁺ and V³⁺ at the B site, The Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 663-681 [view file]
Sato E, Nakai I, Miyawaki R, Matsubara S (2009) Crystal structures of alunite family minerals: beaverite, corkite, alunite, natroalunite, jarosite, svanbergite, and woodhouseite, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 185, 313-322
Bayliss P, Kolitsch U, Nickel E H, Pring A (2010) Alunite supergroup: recommended nomenclature, Mineralogical Magazine, 74, 919-927 [view file]
Cooper M A, Hawthorne F C (2012) Refinement of the crystal structure of zoned philipsbornite-hidalgoite from the Tsumeb mine, Namibia, and hydrogen bonding in the D²⁺G³⁺₃(T⁵⁺O₄)(TO₃OH)(OH)₆ alunite structures, Mineralogical Magazine, 76, 839-849 [view file]
Zema M, Callegari A M, Tarantino S C, Gasparini E, Ghigna P (2012) Thermal expansion of alunite up to dehydroxylation and collapse of the crystal structure, Mineralogical Magazine, 76, 613-623 [view file]
Kolitsch U (2015) Crystal structures of the hydrothermally synthesized chromates KSc₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆, KIn₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆, RbIn₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆, and AgIn₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆: A contribution to the crystal chemistry of the alunite supergroup, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 833-844
Ehlmann B L, Swayze G A, Milliken R E, Mustard J F, Clark R N, Murchie S L, Breit G N, Wray J J, Gondet B, Poulet F, Carter J, Calvin W M, Benzel W M, Seelos K D (2016) Discovery of alunite in Cross crater, Terra Sirenum, Mars: Evidence for acidic, sulfurous waters, American Mineralogist, 101, 1527-1542
Hulsobosch N, Thomas R, Boiron M-C, Dewaele S, Muchez P (2017) Direct observation of boro-aluminosilicate melt compositions: Insights from Raman spectroscopy of melt inclusions in pegmatitic tourmaline of the Gatumba-Gitarama area (Rwanda), The Canadian Mineralogist, 55, 377-397
Morrison S M, Downs R T, Blake D F, Prabhu A, Eleish A, Vaniman D T, Ming D W, Rampe E B, Hazen R M, Achilles C N, Treiman A H, Yen A S, Morris R V, Bristow T F, Chipera S J, Sarrazin P C, Fendrich K V, Morookian J M, Farmer J D, Des Marais D J, Craig P I (2018) Relationships between unit-cell parameters and composition for rock-forming minerals on Earth, Mars, and other extraterrestrial bodies, American Mineralogist, 103, 848-856 [view file]
Morrison S M, Downs R T, Blake D F, Vaniman D T, Ming D W, Hazen R M, Treiman A H, Achilles C N, Yen A S, Morris R V, Rampe E B, Bristow T F, Chipera S J, Sarrazin P C, Gellert R, Fendrich K V, Morookian J M, Farmer J D, Des Marais D J, Craig P I (2018) Crystal chemistry of martian minerals from Bradbury Landing through Naukluft Plateau, Gale crater, Mars, American Mineralogist, 103, 857-871 [view file]
Ondrejka M, Bačík P, Sobocký T, Uher P, Škoda R, Mikuš T, Luptáková J, Konečiný P (2018) Minerals of the rhabdophane group and the alunite supergroup in microgranite: products of low-temperature alteration in a highly acidic environment from the Velence Hills, Hungary, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 1277-1300
Hudson-Edwards K A (2019) Uptake and release of arsenic and antimony in alunite-jarosite and beudantite group minerals, American Mineralogist, 104, 633-640
Cruells M, Roca A (2022) Jarosites: Formation, structure, reactivity and environmental, Metals, 12, 802 [view file]

REFERENCES for Alunite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Gesner C (1565) Alumen, in De omni rerum fossilium genere, gemmis, lapidibus, metallis, et huiusmodi, libri aliquot, plerique nunc primum editi Excudebat Iacobus Gesnerus 11-13 [view file]

Delamétherie J C (1797) De l’aluminilite, Theorie de la Terre, 2nd Edition, Vol 2, 113-118 [view file]

Beudant F S (1824) 22^e espèce. Alunite, in Traité Élémentaire de Minéralogie Chez Verdière, Libraire Paris 449-450 [view file]

Hillebrand W F, Penfield S L (1902) Some additions to the alunite-jarosite group of minerals, American Journal of Science, 164, 211-220 [view file]

Pabst A (1947) Some computations on svanbergite, woodhouseite and alunite, American Mineralogist, 32, 16-30 [view file]

Fleischer M (1951) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 36, 381-384 [view file]

Fleischer M (1963) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 48, 1178-1184 [view file]

Wang R, Bradley W F, Steinfink H (1965) The crystal structure of alunite, Acta Crystallographica, 18, 249-252

Omori K (1971) Normal modes of vibration of alunite, Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan, 10, 1-9 [view file]

Menchetti S, Sabelli C (1976) Crystal chemistry of the alunite series: crystal structure refinement of alunite and synthetic jarosite, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 1976, 406-417

Ripmeester J A, Ratcliffe C I, Dutrizac J E, Jambor J L (1986) Hydronium ion in the alunite - jarosite group, The Canadian Mineralogist, 24, 435-447 [view file]

Scott K M (1987) Solid solution in, and classification of, gossan-derived members of the alunite-jarosite family, northwest Queensland, Australia, American Mineralogist, 72, 178-187 [view file]

Jambor J L, Kovalenker V A, Roberts A C (1995) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 80, 630-635 [view file]

Jambor J L (1999) Nomenclature of the alunite supergroup, The Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 1323-1341 [view file]

Schukow H, Breitinger D K, Zeiske T, Kubanek F, Mohr J, Schwab R G (1999) Localization of hydrogen and content of oxonium cations in alunite via neutron diffraction, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 625, 1047-1050

Lager G A, Swayze G A, Loong C K, Rotella F J, Richardson J W, Stoffregen R E (2001) Neutron spectroscopic study of synthetic alunite and oxonium–substituted alunite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 39, 1131-1138 [view file]

Bishop J L, Murad E (2005) The visible and infrared spectral properties of jarosite and alunite, American Mineralogist, 90, 1100-1107 [view file]

Frost R L, Wills R A, Weier M L, Martens W, Kloprogge J T (2006) A Raman spectroscopic study of alunites, Journal of Molecular Structure, 785, 123-132

Majzlan J, Speziale S, Duffy T S, Burns P C (2006) Single-crystal elastic properties of alunite, KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 33, 567-573

Papike J J, Karner J M, Spilde M N, Shearer C K (2006) Terrestrial analogs of martian sulfates: Major and minor element systematics of alunite-jarosite from Goldfield, Nevada, American Mineralogist, 91, 1197-1200 [view file]

Lane M D (2007) Mid-infrared emission spectroscopy of sulfate and sulfate-bearing minerals, American Mineralogist, 92, 1-18 [view file]

Nielsen U G, Majzlan J, Phillips B, Ziliox M, Grey C P (2007) Characterization of defects and local structure in natural and synthetic alunite (K,Na,H₃O)Al₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ by multi-nuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy, American Mineralogist, 92, 587-597 [view file]

Murphy P J, Smith A M L, Hudson-Edwards K A, Dubbin W E, Wright K (2009) Raman and IR spectroscopic studies of alunite-supergroup compounds containing Al, Cr³⁺, Fe³⁺ and V³⁺ at the B site, The Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 663-681 [view file]

Sato E, Nakai I, Miyawaki R, Matsubara S (2009) Crystal structures of alunite family minerals: beaverite, corkite, alunite, natroalunite, jarosite, svanbergite, and woodhouseite, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 185, 313-322

Bayliss P, Kolitsch U, Nickel E H, Pring A (2010) Alunite supergroup: recommended nomenclature, Mineralogical Magazine, 74, 919-927 [view file]

Cooper M A, Hawthorne F C (2012) Refinement of the crystal structure of zoned philipsbornite-hidalgoite from the Tsumeb mine, Namibia, and hydrogen bonding in the D²⁺G³⁺₃(T⁵⁺O₄)(TO₃OH)(OH)₆ alunite structures, Mineralogical Magazine, 76, 839-849 [view file]

Zema M, Callegari A M, Tarantino S C, Gasparini E, Ghigna P (2012) Thermal expansion of alunite up to dehydroxylation and collapse of the crystal structure, Mineralogical Magazine, 76, 613-623 [view file]

Kolitsch U (2015) Crystal structures of the hydrothermally synthesized chromates KSc₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆, KIn₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆, RbIn₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆, and AgIn₃(CrO₄)₂(OH)₆: A contribution to the crystal chemistry of the alunite supergroup, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 833-844

Ehlmann B L, Swayze G A, Milliken R E, Mustard J F, Clark R N, Murchie S L, Breit G N, Wray J J, Gondet B, Poulet F, Carter J, Calvin W M, Benzel W M, Seelos K D (2016) Discovery of alunite in Cross crater, Terra Sirenum, Mars: Evidence for acidic, sulfurous waters, American Mineralogist, 101, 1527-1542

Hulsobosch N, Thomas R, Boiron M-C, Dewaele S, Muchez P (2017) Direct observation of boro-aluminosilicate melt compositions: Insights from Raman spectroscopy of melt inclusions in pegmatitic tourmaline of the Gatumba-Gitarama area (Rwanda), The Canadian Mineralogist, 55, 377-397

Morrison S M, Downs R T, Blake D F, Prabhu A, Eleish A, Vaniman D T, Ming D W, Rampe E B, Hazen R M, Achilles C N, Treiman A H, Yen A S, Morris R V, Bristow T F, Chipera S J, Sarrazin P C, Fendrich K V, Morookian J M, Farmer J D, Des Marais D J, Craig P I (2018) Relationships between unit-cell parameters and composition for rock-forming minerals on Earth, Mars, and other extraterrestrial bodies, American Mineralogist, 103, 848-856 [view file]

Morrison S M, Downs R T, Blake D F, Vaniman D T, Ming D W, Hazen R M, Treiman A H, Achilles C N, Yen A S, Morris R V, Rampe E B, Bristow T F, Chipera S J, Sarrazin P C, Gellert R, Fendrich K V, Morookian J M, Farmer J D, Des Marais D J, Craig P I (2018) Crystal chemistry of martian minerals from Bradbury Landing through Naukluft Plateau, Gale crater, Mars, American Mineralogist, 103, 857-871 [view file]

Ondrejka M, Bačík P, Sobocký T, Uher P, Škoda R, Mikuš T, Luptáková J, Konečiný P (2018) Minerals of the rhabdophane group and the alunite supergroup in microgranite: products of low-temperature alteration in a highly acidic environment from the Velence Hills, Hungary, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 1277-1300

Hudson-Edwards K A (2019) Uptake and release of arsenic and antimony in alunite-jarosite and beudantite group minerals, American Mineralogist, 104, 633-640

Cruells M, Roca A (2022) Jarosites: Formation, structure, reactivity and environmental, Metals, 12, 802 [view file]