Crossite R060028 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Riebeckite R060028

Name: Riebeckite
RRUFF ID: R060028
Ideal Chemistry: ◻Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Locality: Transvaal, South Africa
Source: University of Arizona Mineral Museum 9374 [view label]
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Black to blue fibrous, known as blue asbestos
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis

Mineral Group: [ amphibole (107) ]

Quick search: [ All Riebeckite samples (3) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R060028.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	(◻_0.98K_0.02)(Na_0.98Ca_0.02)₂(Fe²⁺_0.85Mg_0.15)₃(Fe³⁺_0.99◻_0.01)₂Si_8.00O₂₂(OH)₂

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R060028

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

INFRARED SPECTRUM (Attenuated Total Reflectance)

RRUFF ID:

R060028.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Instrument settings:

SensIR Durascope on a Nicolet Magna 860 FTIR

Resolution:

DOWNLOADS:

	Infrared Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R060028.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 9.734(3)Å b: 18.01(1)Å c: 5.353(2)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 103.69(5)° gamma: 90° Volume: 912.0(0)Å³ Crystal System: monoclinic

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Riebeckite
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Sauer A (1888) Ueber Riebeckit, ein neues Glied der Hornblendegruppe, sowie über Neubildung von Albit in granitischen Orthoklasen, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 40, 138-152 [view file]
White, A J R (1962) Aegirine-riebeckite shists from South Westland, New Zealand, Journal of Petrology, 3, 38-48
Colville A A, Gibbs G V (1964) Refinement of the crystal structure of riebeckite, Geological Society of America, Abstracts Annual Meetings, 82, 31-31
Klein C (1966) Mineralogy and petrology of the metamorphosed Wabush Iron Formation, Southwestern Labrador, Journal of Petrology, 7, 246-305
Borg I Y (1967) Optical properties and cell parameters in the glaucophane-riebeckite series, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 15, 67-92 [view file]
Manning P G, Nickel E H (1969) A spectral study of the origin of colour and pleochroism of a titanaugite from Kaiserstuhl and of a riebeckite St. Peter's Dome, Colorado, The Canadian Mineralogist, 10, 71-83 [view file]
Hawthorne F C (1978) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles. VIII. The crystal structure and site chemistry of fluor-riebeckite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 16, 187-194 [view file]
Leake B E (1978) Nomenclature of amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 63, 1023-1052 [view file]
Steel E, Wylie A (1981) Mineralogical characteristics of asbestos, 1, in Geology of Asbestos Deposits Edwards Brothers, Inc. Ann Arbor, MI. 93-99
Bard D, Yarwood J, Tylee B (1997) Asbestos fibre identification by Raman microspectroscopy, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 28, 803-809 [link]
Leake B E, Woolley A R, Arps C E S, Birch W D, Gilbert M C, Grice J D, Hawthorne F C, Kato A, Kisch H J, Krivovichev V G, Linthout K, Laird J, Mandarino J A, Maresch W V, Nickel E H, Rock N M S, Schumacher J C, Smith D C, Stephenson N C N, Ungaretti L, Whittaker E J W, Youzhi G (1997) Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the Subcommittee on Amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names, The Canadian Mineralogist, 35, 219-246 [view file]
Su S C (2003) A rapid and accurate procedure for the determination of refractive indices of regulated asbestos minerals, American Mineralogist, 88, 1979-1982 [view file]
Rinaudo C, Belluso E, Gastaldi D (2004) Assessment of the use of Raman spectroscopy for the determination of amphibole asbestos, Mineralogical Magazine, 68, 455-465 [view file]
Harper M, Lee E G, Doorn S S, Hammond O (2008) Differentiating non-asbestiform amphibole and amphibole asbestos by size characteristics, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 5, 761-770 [view file]
Su S C (2008) in How to use the d-spacing/interfacial angle tables to index zone-axis patterns of amphibole asbestos minerals obtained by selected area electron diffraction in transmission electron microscope Asbestos Analysis Consulting Newark, Delaware 1-160 [view file]
Apopei A I, Buzgar N (2010) The Raman study of amphiboles, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 56, 57-83 [view file]
Gunter M E (2010) Defining asbestos: differences between the built and natural environments, Chimia, 64, 747-752
Oberti R, Boiocchi M, Zema M, Hawthorne F C, Redhammer G J, Susta U, Della Ventura G (2018) The high-temperature behaviour of riebeckite: expansivity, deprotonation, selective Fe oxidation and a novel cation disordering scheme for amphiboles, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 437-449
Susta U, Della Ventura G, Hawthorne F C, Abdu Y A, Day M C, Mihailova B, Oberti R (2018) The crystal-chemistry of riebeckite, ideally Na₂Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂: a multi-technique study, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 837-852
Ventura G D, Mihailova B, Susta U, Guidi M C, Marcelli A, Schlüter J, Oberti R (2018) The dynamics of Fe oxidation in riebeckite: A model for amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 103, 1103-1111
Della Ventura G, Radica F, Galdenzi F, Susta U, Cinque G, Cestelli-Guidi M, Mihailova B, Marcelli A (2022) Kinetics of dehydrogenation of riebeckite Na₂Fe³⁺₂Fe²⁺₃Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂: An HT-FTIR study, American Mineralogist, 107, 754-764
Tribaudino M, Hovis G L, Almer C, Leaman A (2022) Thermal expansion of minerals in the amphibole supergroup, American Mineralogist, 107, 1302-1312
Della Ventura G, Redhammer G J, Galdenzi F, Ventruti G, Susta U, Oberti R, Radica F, Marcelli A (2023) Oxidation or cation re-arrangement? Distinct behavior of riebeckite at high temperature, American Mineralogist, 108, 59-69

REFERENCES for Riebeckite

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Sauer A (1888) Ueber Riebeckit, ein neues Glied der Hornblendegruppe, sowie über Neubildung von Albit in granitischen Orthoklasen, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 40, 138-152 [view file]

White, A J R (1962) Aegirine-riebeckite shists from South Westland, New Zealand, Journal of Petrology, 3, 38-48

Colville A A, Gibbs G V (1964) Refinement of the crystal structure of riebeckite, Geological Society of America, Abstracts Annual Meetings, 82, 31-31

Klein C (1966) Mineralogy and petrology of the metamorphosed Wabush Iron Formation, Southwestern Labrador, Journal of Petrology, 7, 246-305

Borg I Y (1967) Optical properties and cell parameters in the glaucophane-riebeckite series, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 15, 67-92 [view file]

Manning P G, Nickel E H (1969) A spectral study of the origin of colour and pleochroism of a titanaugite from Kaiserstuhl and of a riebeckite St. Peter's Dome, Colorado, The Canadian Mineralogist, 10, 71-83 [view file]

Hawthorne F C (1978) The crystal chemistry of the amphiboles. VIII. The crystal structure and site chemistry of fluor-riebeckite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 16, 187-194 [view file]

Leake B E (1978) Nomenclature of amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 63, 1023-1052 [view file]

Steel E, Wylie A (1981) Mineralogical characteristics of asbestos, 1, in Geology of Asbestos Deposits Edwards Brothers, Inc. Ann Arbor, MI. 93-99

Bard D, Yarwood J, Tylee B (1997) Asbestos fibre identification by Raman microspectroscopy, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 28, 803-809 [link]

Leake B E, Woolley A R, Arps C E S, Birch W D, Gilbert M C, Grice J D, Hawthorne F C, Kato A, Kisch H J, Krivovichev V G, Linthout K, Laird J, Mandarino J A, Maresch W V, Nickel E H, Rock N M S, Schumacher J C, Smith D C, Stephenson N C N, Ungaretti L, Whittaker E J W, Youzhi G (1997) Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the Subcommittee on Amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names, The Canadian Mineralogist, 35, 219-246 [view file]

Su S C (2003) A rapid and accurate procedure for the determination of refractive indices of regulated asbestos minerals, American Mineralogist, 88, 1979-1982 [view file]

Rinaudo C, Belluso E, Gastaldi D (2004) Assessment of the use of Raman spectroscopy for the determination of amphibole asbestos, Mineralogical Magazine, 68, 455-465 [view file]

Harper M, Lee E G, Doorn S S, Hammond O (2008) Differentiating non-asbestiform amphibole and amphibole asbestos by size characteristics, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 5, 761-770 [view file]

Su S C (2008) in How to use the d-spacing/interfacial angle tables to index zone-axis patterns of amphibole asbestos minerals obtained by selected area electron diffraction in transmission electron microscope Asbestos Analysis Consulting Newark, Delaware 1-160 [view file]

Apopei A I, Buzgar N (2010) The Raman study of amphiboles, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 56, 57-83 [view file]

Gunter M E (2010) Defining asbestos: differences between the built and natural environments, Chimia, 64, 747-752

Oberti R, Boiocchi M, Zema M, Hawthorne F C, Redhammer G J, Susta U, Della Ventura G (2018) The high-temperature behaviour of riebeckite: expansivity, deprotonation, selective Fe oxidation and a novel cation disordering scheme for amphiboles, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 437-449

Susta U, Della Ventura G, Hawthorne F C, Abdu Y A, Day M C, Mihailova B, Oberti R (2018) The crystal-chemistry of riebeckite, ideally Na₂Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂: a multi-technique study, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 837-852

Ventura G D, Mihailova B, Susta U, Guidi M C, Marcelli A, Schlüter J, Oberti R (2018) The dynamics of Fe oxidation in riebeckite: A model for amphiboles, American Mineralogist, 103, 1103-1111

Della Ventura G, Radica F, Galdenzi F, Susta U, Cinque G, Cestelli-Guidi M, Mihailova B, Marcelli A (2022) Kinetics of dehydrogenation of riebeckite Na₂Fe³⁺₂Fe²⁺₃Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂: An HT-FTIR study, American Mineralogist, 107, 754-764

Tribaudino M, Hovis G L, Almer C, Leaman A (2022) Thermal expansion of minerals in the amphibole supergroup, American Mineralogist, 107, 1302-1312

Della Ventura G, Redhammer G J, Galdenzi F, Ventruti G, Susta U, Oberti R, Radica F, Marcelli A (2023) Oxidation or cation re-arrangement? Distinct behavior of riebeckite at high temperature, American Mineralogist, 108, 59-69