N R100025 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Titanite R100025

Name: Titanite
RRUFF ID: R100025
Ideal Chemistry: CaTi(SiO₄)O
Locality: Kharan, Balochistan, Pakistan
Source: Ikram Mineralogy [view label]
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Bluish-gray flattened wedge-shaped crystals
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Mineral Group: [ Titanite (17) ]

Quick search: [ All Titanite samples (8) ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

Raman Mode Analysis

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R100025

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R100025.9

Sample Description:

Single crystal, powder profile is calculated

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 7.056(2)Å b: 8.708(2)Å c: 6.553(2)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 113.80(1)° gamma: 90° Volume: 368.4(1)Å³ Crystal System: monoclinic

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Titanite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Klaproth M H (1795) Untersuchung eines neuen Fossils aus dem Passauischen, Beiträge zur Chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, 1, 245-252 [view file]
Hutton C O (1950) Studies of heavy detrital minerals, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 61, 635-710 [view file]
Speer J A, Gibbs G V (1976) The crystal structure of synthetic titanite, CaTiOSiO₄, and the domain texture of natural titanites, American Mineralogist, 61, 238-247 [view file]
Paul B J, Černý P, Chapman R, Hinthorne J R (1981) Niobian titanite from the Huron Claim pegmatite, southeastern Manitoba, The Canadian Mineralogist, 19, 549-552 [view file]
Hayward P J, Doern F E, Cecchetto E V, Mitchell S L (1983) Leaching studies of natural and synthetic titanite, a potential host for wastes from the reprocessing of Canadian nuclear fuel, The Canadian Mineralogist, 21, 611-623 [view file]
Muir I J, Metson J B, Bancroft G M (1984) ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectra of perovskite and titanite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 22, 689-694 [view file]
Groat L A, Carter R T, Hawthorne F C, Ercit T S (1985) Tantalian niobian titanite from the Irgon claim, southeastern Manitoba, The Canadian Mineralogist, 23, 569-571 [view file]
Bernau R, Franz G (1987) Crystal chemistry and genesis of Nb-, V-, and Al-rich metamorphic titanite from Egypt and Greece, The Canadian Mineralogist, 25, 695-705 [view file]
Holényi K, Annersten H (1987) Iron in titanite: a Mössbauer-spectroscopy study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 25, 429-433 [view file]
Vance E R, Doern D C (1989) The properties of anatase pseudomorphs after titanite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 495-498 [view file]
Oberti R, Smith D C, Rossi G, Caucia F (1991) The crystal-chemistry of high-aluminium titanites, European Journal of Mineralogy, 3, 777-792
Salje E, Schmidt C, Bismayer U (1993) Structural phase transition in titanite, CaTiSiO₅: a Raman spectroscopic study, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 19, 502-506
Meyer H W, Zhang M, Bismayer U, Salje E K H, Schmidt C, Kek S, Morgenroth W, Bleser T (1996) Phase transformation of natural titanite: an infrared, Raman spectroscopic, optical birefringence and X-ray diffraction study, Phase Transitions, 59, 39-60
Troitzsch U, Ellis D J, Thompson J, Fitz-Gerald J (1999) Crystal structural changes in titanite along the join TiO-AlF, European Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 955-965
Heyns A M, Harden P M, Prinsloo L C (2000) Resonance Raman study of the high-pressure phase transition in chromium-doped titanite, CaTiOSiO₄, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 31, 837-841
Kunz M, Arlt T, Stolz J (2000) In situ powder diffrection study of titanite (CaTiOSiO₄) at high pressure and high temperature, American Mineralogist, 85, 1465-1473 [view file]
Zhang M, Salje E K H, Malcherek T, Bismayer U, Groat L E (2000) Dehydration of metamict titanite: an infrared spectroscopic study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 119-130 [view file]
Shannon R D, Shannon R C, Medenbach O, Fischer R X (2002) Refractive index and dispersion of fluorides and oxides, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 31, 931-970 [view file]
Akaogi M, Yano M, Tejima Y, Iijima M, Kojitani H (2004) High-pressure transition of diopside and wollastonite: phase equilibria and thermochemistry of CaMgSi2O6, CaSiO3 and CaSi2O5--CaTiSiO5 system, Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors, 143, 145-156
Brenker F E, Vincze L, Vekemans B, Nasdala L, Stachel T, Vollmer C, Kersten M, Somogyi A, Adams F, Joswig W, Harris J W (2005) Detection of a Ca-rich lithology in the Earth's deep (>300 km) convecting mantle, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 236, issue 3-4 579-587
Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2005) Composition and paragenesis of Na-, Nb-, and Zr-bearing titanite from Khibina, Russia, and crystal-structure data for synthetic analogues, The Canadian Mineralogist, 43, 795-812 [view file]
Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) Solid solutions of niobium in synthetic titanite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 44, 1089-1097 [view file]
Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) Tantalum-bearing titanite: synthesis and crystal structure data, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 33, 73-83
Zhang M, Salje E K H, Carpenter M A, Wang J Y, Groat L A, Lager G A, Wang L, Beran A, Bismayer U (2007) Temperature dependence of IR absorption of hydrous/hydroxyl species in minerals and synthetic materials, American Mineralogist, 92, 1502-1517 [view file]
Glass B P, Fries M (2008) Micro-Raman spectroscopic study of fine-grained, shock-metamorphosed rock fragments from the Australasian microtektite layer, Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 43, 1487-1496 [view file]
Beirau T, Mihailova B, Matveeva G, Kolb U, Malcherek T, Groat L A, Bismayer U (2012) Structural anisotropy and annealing-induced nanoscale atomic rearrangements in metamict titanite, American Mineralogist, 97, 1354-1365 [view file]
Che X D, Linnen R L, Wang R C, Groat L A, Brand A A (2013) Distribution of trace and rare earth elements in titanite from tungsten and molybdenum deposits in Yukon and British Columbia, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist, 51, 415-438
Heyns A M, Harden P M (2013) The temperature dependence of the Raman spectra of chromium-doped titanite (CaTiOSiO₄), Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 44, 1615-1624
Beirau T, Mihailova B, Malcherek T M, Paulmann C, Bismayer U, Groat L A (2014) Temperature-induced P2₁/c to C2/c phase transition in partially amorphous (metamict) titanite revealed by Raman spectroscopy, The Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 91-100
MacDonald R, Bagiński B, Kartashov P M, Zozulya D, Dzierżanowski (2015) Interaction of rare-metal minerals with hydrothermal fluids: Evidence from quartz-epidote metasomatites of the Haldzan Buragtag Massif, Mongolian Altai, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 1015-1034
Beirau T, Nix W D, Ewing R C, Schneider G A, Groat L A, Bismayer U (2016) Mechanical properties of natural radiation-damaged titanite and temperature-induced structural reorganization: A nanoindentation and Raman spectroscopic study, American Mineralogist, 101, 399-406
Pan L, Hu R, Bi X, Li C, Wang X, Zhu J (2018) Titanite major and trace element compositions as petrogenetic and metallogenic indicators of Mo ore deposits: Examples from four granite plutons in the southern Yidun arc, SW China, American Mineralogist, 103, 1417–1434
Plotinskaya O Y, Abramova V D, Groznova E O, Tessalina S G, Seltmann R, Spratt J (2018) Trace-element geochemistry of molybdenite from porphyry Cu deposits of the Birgilda-Tomino ore cluster (South Urals, Russia), Mineralogical Magazine, 82, S281-S306
Heller B M, Lünsdorf N K , Dunkl I , Molnár F , Eynatten H (2019) Estimation of radiation damage in titanites using Raman spectroscopy, American Mineralogist, 104, 857-868 [view file]
Li J D, Li X F, Xiao R (2020) In situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology and trace element analysis of hydrothermal titanite from the Jiepai W-Cu deposit, South China: Implications for W mineralization, The Canadian Mineralogist, 58, 45-69

REFERENCES for Titanite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Klaproth M H (1795) Untersuchung eines neuen Fossils aus dem Passauischen, Beiträge zur Chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, 1, 245-252 [view file]

Hutton C O (1950) Studies of heavy detrital minerals, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 61, 635-710 [view file]

Speer J A, Gibbs G V (1976) The crystal structure of synthetic titanite, CaTiOSiO₄, and the domain texture of natural titanites, American Mineralogist, 61, 238-247 [view file]

Paul B J, Černý P, Chapman R, Hinthorne J R (1981) Niobian titanite from the Huron Claim pegmatite, southeastern Manitoba, The Canadian Mineralogist, 19, 549-552 [view file]

Hayward P J, Doern F E, Cecchetto E V, Mitchell S L (1983) Leaching studies of natural and synthetic titanite, a potential host for wastes from the reprocessing of Canadian nuclear fuel, The Canadian Mineralogist, 21, 611-623 [view file]

Muir I J, Metson J B, Bancroft G M (1984) ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectra of perovskite and titanite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 22, 689-694 [view file]

Groat L A, Carter R T, Hawthorne F C, Ercit T S (1985) Tantalian niobian titanite from the Irgon claim, southeastern Manitoba, The Canadian Mineralogist, 23, 569-571 [view file]

Bernau R, Franz G (1987) Crystal chemistry and genesis of Nb-, V-, and Al-rich metamorphic titanite from Egypt and Greece, The Canadian Mineralogist, 25, 695-705 [view file]

Holényi K, Annersten H (1987) Iron in titanite: a Mössbauer-spectroscopy study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 25, 429-433 [view file]

Vance E R, Doern D C (1989) The properties of anatase pseudomorphs after titanite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 27, 495-498 [view file]

Oberti R, Smith D C, Rossi G, Caucia F (1991) The crystal-chemistry of high-aluminium titanites, European Journal of Mineralogy, 3, 777-792

Salje E, Schmidt C, Bismayer U (1993) Structural phase transition in titanite, CaTiSiO₅: a Raman spectroscopic study, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 19, 502-506

Meyer H W, Zhang M, Bismayer U, Salje E K H, Schmidt C, Kek S, Morgenroth W, Bleser T (1996) Phase transformation of natural titanite: an infrared, Raman spectroscopic, optical birefringence and X-ray diffraction study, Phase Transitions, 59, 39-60

Troitzsch U, Ellis D J, Thompson J, Fitz-Gerald J (1999) Crystal structural changes in titanite along the join TiO-AlF, European Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 955-965

Heyns A M, Harden P M, Prinsloo L C (2000) Resonance Raman study of the high-pressure phase transition in chromium-doped titanite, CaTiOSiO₄, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 31, 837-841

Kunz M, Arlt T, Stolz J (2000) In situ powder diffrection study of titanite (CaTiOSiO₄) at high pressure and high temperature, American Mineralogist, 85, 1465-1473 [view file]

Zhang M, Salje E K H, Malcherek T, Bismayer U, Groat L E (2000) Dehydration of metamict titanite: an infrared spectroscopic study, The Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 119-130 [view file]

Shannon R D, Shannon R C, Medenbach O, Fischer R X (2002) Refractive index and dispersion of fluorides and oxides, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 31, 931-970 [view file]

Akaogi M, Yano M, Tejima Y, Iijima M, Kojitani H (2004) High-pressure transition of diopside and wollastonite: phase equilibria and thermochemistry of CaMgSi2O6, CaSiO3 and CaSi2O5--CaTiSiO5 system, Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors, 143, 145-156

Brenker F E, Vincze L, Vekemans B, Nasdala L, Stachel T, Vollmer C, Kersten M, Somogyi A, Adams F, Joswig W, Harris J W (2005) Detection of a Ca-rich lithology in the Earth's deep (>300 km) convecting mantle, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 236, issue 3-4 579-587

Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2005) Composition and paragenesis of Na-, Nb-, and Zr-bearing titanite from Khibina, Russia, and crystal-structure data for synthetic analogues, The Canadian Mineralogist, 43, 795-812 [view file]

Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) Solid solutions of niobium in synthetic titanite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 44, 1089-1097 [view file]

Liferovich R P, Mitchell R H (2006) Tantalum-bearing titanite: synthesis and crystal structure data, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 33, 73-83

Zhang M, Salje E K H, Carpenter M A, Wang J Y, Groat L A, Lager G A, Wang L, Beran A, Bismayer U (2007) Temperature dependence of IR absorption of hydrous/hydroxyl species in minerals and synthetic materials, American Mineralogist, 92, 1502-1517 [view file]

Glass B P, Fries M (2008) Micro-Raman spectroscopic study of fine-grained, shock-metamorphosed rock fragments from the Australasian microtektite layer, Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 43, 1487-1496 [view file]

Beirau T, Mihailova B, Matveeva G, Kolb U, Malcherek T, Groat L A, Bismayer U (2012) Structural anisotropy and annealing-induced nanoscale atomic rearrangements in metamict titanite, American Mineralogist, 97, 1354-1365 [view file]

Che X D, Linnen R L, Wang R C, Groat L A, Brand A A (2013) Distribution of trace and rare earth elements in titanite from tungsten and molybdenum deposits in Yukon and British Columbia, Canada, The Canadian Mineralogist, 51, 415-438

Heyns A M, Harden P M (2013) The temperature dependence of the Raman spectra of chromium-doped titanite (CaTiOSiO₄), Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 44, 1615-1624

Beirau T, Mihailova B, Malcherek T M, Paulmann C, Bismayer U, Groat L A (2014) Temperature-induced P2₁/c to C2/c phase transition in partially amorphous (metamict) titanite revealed by Raman spectroscopy, The Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 91-100

MacDonald R, Bagiński B, Kartashov P M, Zozulya D, Dzierżanowski (2015) Interaction of rare-metal minerals with hydrothermal fluids: Evidence from quartz-epidote metasomatites of the Haldzan Buragtag Massif, Mongolian Altai, The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 1015-1034

Beirau T, Nix W D, Ewing R C, Schneider G A, Groat L A, Bismayer U (2016) Mechanical properties of natural radiation-damaged titanite and temperature-induced structural reorganization: A nanoindentation and Raman spectroscopic study, American Mineralogist, 101, 399-406

Pan L, Hu R, Bi X, Li C, Wang X, Zhu J (2018) Titanite major and trace element compositions as petrogenetic and metallogenic indicators of Mo ore deposits: Examples from four granite plutons in the southern Yidun arc, SW China, American Mineralogist, 103, 1417–1434

Plotinskaya O Y, Abramova V D, Groznova E O, Tessalina S G, Seltmann R, Spratt J (2018) Trace-element geochemistry of molybdenite from porphyry Cu deposits of the Birgilda-Tomino ore cluster (South Urals, Russia), Mineralogical Magazine, 82, S281-S306

Heller B M, Lünsdorf N K , Dunkl I , Molnár F , Eynatten H (2019) Estimation of radiation damage in titanites using Raman spectroscopy, American Mineralogist, 104, 857-868 [view file]

Li J D, Li X F, Xiao R (2020) In situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology and trace element analysis of hydrothermal titanite from the Jiepai W-Cu deposit, South China: Implications for W mineralization, The Canadian Mineralogist, 58, 45-69