Summary: Chemical, X-ray, and optical analyses of eight Ca-rich pyroxenes and three coexisting Ca-poor pyroxenes from the gabbros of the Marangudzi ring complex, Rhodesia, are presented. Both the series show limited Fe-enrichment. High Ca-content of the clinopyroxenes together with their restricted Fe-enrichment, having a trend from Ca_44·8Mg_42·6Fe_12·6to Ca_42·7Mg_37·7Fe_19·6, could be indicative of an alkaline nature. But the presence of a Ca-poor pyroxene phase with a compositional trend between Ca_2·9Mg_71·2Fe_25·9 and Ca_3·1Mg_63·0 Fe_34·9 onwards in small amounts suggests tholeiitic to calc-alkaline nature. Certain characteristics in the variation in composition of the pyroxenes confirm a transitional nature of the Marangudzi parent magma, originating at a depth comparatively greater than the normal tholeiitic magma, but less deep than alkaline magma, at a fairly high pressure. The Marangudzi pyroxenes are compared with the pyroxenes of the similar world-wide igneous complexes.