Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Tunnel Level, Higgins Mine (Higgins Tunnel), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 200.7
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 188560
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-188560.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Tunnel Level, Higgins Mine (Higgins Tunnel), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 0°0'0"N
Longitude: 0°0'0"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 0,0

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Copiapite	Melanterite	None	Pyrite	Römerite	Sphalerite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Fe H O S Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Fe H O S Zn

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Copiapite Melanterite None Pyrite Römerite Sphalerite

6 IMA Minerals at location:

Copiapite ()*	Melanterite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Römerite ()*	Sphalerite ()*
Zincocopiapite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of localities containing mineral
Copiapite ()*	Copiapite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	200.7	0	382
Melanterite ()*	Melanterite	Fe(SO₄)·7H₂O	200.7	0	915
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	180	180	39462
Römerite ()*	Römerite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂(SO₄)₄·14H₂O	200.7	0	115
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	180	180	21482
Zincocopiapite ()*	Copiapite	ZnFe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	200.7	0	11

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Michelle_554	Near-surface occurrence. Recently forming oxalate associated with cave deposits, in Cochise County, Arizona.

7 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Age from other Locality	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
Michelle_554	0	0	Recent		Age of whewellite mineralization	high	Yes	Whewellite		15570	Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Cochise County	Hofmann and Bernasconi (1998)	10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00043-6	CG149_127	Described as "recent cave deposits."
Hg-00031	163	163	163	?-?			Yes	Cinnabar, Eugenite, Velikite	Hg	3296	Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA		Lowell (1974)	10.2113/gsecongeo.69.5.601	EG69_601
Mo-00052	163	163	163	?-?			Yes	Ferrimolybdite, Powellite, Wulfenite	Mo	3296	Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA		Lowell (1974)	10.2113/gsecongeo.69.5.601	EG69_601
PorphCu-00009	180	180	180				Yes	Alunite, Bornite, Brochantite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Copper, Diaspore, Enargite, Epidote, Galena, Magnetite, Pyrite, Pyrophyllite, Sphalerite, Stromeyerite	Cu	188011	Cochise Project (East Lavender Ore Body), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155
UBCMDRUSP2_1_Bisbee01	200.7	199.1	199.9±0.8		initial intrusion related to mineralization		Yes			3304	Lavender Open Pit Mine (Lavender Pit), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee area	Lang (2001)		UBCMDRUSP2_1
UBCMDRUSP2_1_Bisbee02	200.5	197.3	198.9±1.6		not thought to be the source of mineralization		Yes			3304	Lavender Open Pit Mine (Lavender Pit), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee area	Lang (2001)		UBCMDRUSP2_1
sedznpb-00447	180	180	180				Yes			3318	Copper Queen Mine (Halero Mine), Queen Hill, Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...