Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 19.8
Youngest recorded age at locality: 16.2

mindat Locality ID: 28222
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-28222.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA": 10
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 9

Number of Child Localities: 9
Child Localities:
Backbone Ridge
Carbon River (Upthascap River)
Mazama Ridge
Osceola Mudflow
Plummer Peak
Pyramid Peak
Spray Park
West Side Debris Flows
White River (S'kamish River; Stuck River)

Latitude: 46°49'4"N
Longitude: 121°44'49"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 46.817777777778,-121.74694444444

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K N Na O P S Si Ti 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ba Ca Cl F Fe H N Na O P S Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteAmorphousAnalcimeBaryteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteCopiapiteCorundumCristobalite
DiasporeEpidoteGypsumKaoliniteMalachiteNoneNot in a structural groupPyriteQuartzRocksalt
SpinelTitaniteTridymite

32 IMA Minerals at location:
Alunite  (*)Alunogen  (*)Ammoniojarosite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Baryte  (*)
Chalcopyrite  (*)Copiapite  (*)Crandallite  (*)Cristobalite  (*)Dickite  (*)
Epidote  (*)Felsőbányaite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Maghemite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Natroalunite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)Opal  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Salammoniac  (*)Silhydrite  (*)Titanite  (*)Tridymite  (*)
Wairakite  (*)Zunyite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Alunite  (*)NoneKAl3(SO4)2(OH)62285387,285391966
Alunogen  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2(SO4)3(H2O)12·5H2O19.816.20272
Ammoniojarosite  (*)Alunite(NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)619.816.2030
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)12853911588
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)19.816.2011547
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS22285389,28539327198
Copiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O1285387382
Crandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)619.816.20310
Cristobalite  (*)CristobaliteSiO219.816.20453
Dickite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)419.816.20651
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)19.816.212853868173
Felsőbányaite  (*)NoneAl4(SO4)(OH)10·4H2O19.816.2066
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)19.816.207437
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O2285387,2853916890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl19.816.201398
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3128538914640
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)62285387,2853912228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)42285387,2853915591
Maghemite  (*)Spinel(Fe3+0.67   0.33)Fe3+2O419.816.20229
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O419.816.2128538614899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2128538912537
Natroalunite  (*)AluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)619.816.20128
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)619.816.20254
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O19.816.202994
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS219.816.2039462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO219.816.23285388,285389,28539061156
Salammoniac  (*)None(NH4)Cl19.816.20105
Silhydrite  (*)NoneSi3O6·H2O12853916
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O19.816.212853864899
Tridymite  (*)TridymiteSiO219.816.20458
Wairakite  (*)AnalcimeCa(Si4Al2)O12·2H2O19.816.2073
Zunyite  (*)NoneAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl19.816.2086



11 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
NAVDAT-6003719.816.218±1.8   60037    15281Mazama Ridge, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-6003819.816.218±1.8   60038    15281Mazama Ridge, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-927519.816.218±1.8   9275    15281Mazama Ridge, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-928619.816.218±1.8   9286    15281Mazama Ridge, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-929319.816.218±1.8   9293    15281Mazama Ridge, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-929519.816.218±1.8   9295    15281Mazama Ridge, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-929619.816.218±1.8   9296    15281Mazama Ridge, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-928819.816.218±1.8   9288    15770Plummer Peak, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-929819.816.218±1.8   9298    15770Plummer Peak, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-931019.816.218±1.8   9310    15770Plummer Peak, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-931319.816.218±1.8   9313    15770Plummer Peak, Mount Rainier National Park, Pierce Co., Washington, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


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