Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Rammelsberg, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany

Oldest recorded age at locality: 393
Youngest recorded age at locality: 327

mindat Locality ID: 28664
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-28664.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Rammelsberg, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany": 4
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 4

Number of Child Localities: 4
Child Localities:
Altes Lager Mine
Communion Quarry
Rammelsberg Mine
Schiefermühle Quarry

Latitude: 51°53'19"N
Longitude: 10°25'22"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 51.888611111111,10.422777777778

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Analcime	Apatite	Aragonite	Arsenic	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Botryogen	Bournonite
Brochantite	Calcite	Caledonite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Chalcostibite	Clay	Columbite	Copiapite	Copper
Coquimbite	Corundum	Covellite	Devilline	Diaspore	Epsomite	Feldspar	Gypsum	Halotrichite	Hexahydrite
Khademite	Kieserite	Kobellite	Ktenasite	Löllingite	Linarite	Malachite	Marcasite	Melanterite	Meneghinite
Mica	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Polybasite	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile
Römerite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Starkeyite	Stibnite	Sulphur	Tetrahedrite	Valleriite	Voltaite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Cl Co Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Sr Ti W Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Fe H O S

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Analcime Apatite Aragonite Arsenic Arsenopyrite Baryte Botryogen Bournonite
Brochantite Calcite Caledonite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Chalcostibite Clay Columbite Copiapite Copper
Coquimbite Corundum Covellite Devilline Diaspore Epsomite Feldspar Gypsum Halotrichite Hexahydrite
Khademite Kieserite Kobellite Ktenasite Löllingite Linarite Malachite Marcasite Melanterite Meneghinite
Mica Molybdenite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Polybasite Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile
Römerite Sphalerite Spinel Starkeyite Stibnite Sulphur Tetrahedrite Valleriite Voltaite Zircon

96 IMA Minerals at location:

Albite ()*	Allophane ()*	Analcime ()*	Anatase ()*	Anglesite ()*
Antlerite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*
Bianchite ()*	Bismuth ()*	Bismuthinite ()*	Bornite ()*	Botryogen ()*
Boulangerite ()*	Bournonite ()*	Boyleite ()*	Brochantite ()*	Calcite ()*
Caledonite ()*	Cassiterite ()*	Cerussite ()*	Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Copiapite ()*	Copper ()*	Coquimbite ()*
Covellite ()*	Cuprite ()*	Devilline ()*	Dolomite ()*	Emplectite ()*
Epsomite ()*	Ferberite ()*	Freibergite ()*	Galena ()*	Galenobismutite ()*
Glauberite ()*	Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Goslarite ()*	Graphite ()*
Gudmundite ()*	Gunningite ()*	Gypsum ()*	Halotrichite ()*	Hematite ()*
Hemimorphite ()*	Hübnerite ()*	Hydrozincite ()*	Jamesonite ()*	Jarosite ()*
Khademite ()*	Kobellite ()*	Ktenasite ()*	Langite ()*	Linarite ()*
Linnaeite ()*	Löllingite ()*	Mackinawite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*
Marcasite ()*	Melanterite ()*	Meneghinite ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Morenosite ()*
Muscovite ()*	Polybasite ()*	Pyrargyrite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*
Pyromorphite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Retgersite ()*	Römerite ()*
Rozenite ()*	Rutile ()*	Scholzite ()*	Serpierite ()*	Silver ()*
Smithsonite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Strontianite ()*	Sulphur ()*	Szomolnokite ()*
Tenorite ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Valleriite ()*	Voltaite ()*	Zincocopiapite ()*
Zircon ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	393	383	1	59853	8803
Allophane ()*	Allophane	Al₂O₃(SiO₂)_1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H₂O	393	383	1	59853	470
Analcime ()*	Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆)·H₂O	393	383	1	59853	1627
Anatase ()*	Not in a structural group	TiO₂	393	383	1	59853	2162
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	393	327	2	59852,59853	2734
Antlerite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu²⁺₃(SO₄)(OH)₄	393	383	1	59853	246
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	393	383	1	59853	3250
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	393	383	1	59853	9052
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	393	327	2	59852,59853	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	393	383	1	59853	11547
Bianchite ()*	Hexahydrite	Zn(SO₄)·6H₂O	393	383	1	59853	40
Bismuth ()*	Arsenic	Bi	393	383	1	59853	1966
Bismuthinite ()*	Stibnite	Bi₂S₃	393	383	1	59853	1935
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	393	383	1	59853	5516
Botryogen ()*	Botryogen	MgFe³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)·7H₂O	393	383	1	59853	45
Boulangerite ()*	None	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁	393	383	1	59853	843
Bournonite ()*	Bournonite	CuPbSbS₃	393	383	1	59853	1089
Boyleite ()*	Starkeyite	Zn(SO₄)·4H₂O	393	383	1	59853	23
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	393	383	1	59853	1633
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	393	383	1	59853	27770
Caledonite ()*	Caledonite	Cu₂Pb₅(SO₄)₃(CO₃)(OH)₆	393	383	1	59853	359
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂	393	383	1	59853	5171
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	393	327	2	59852,59853	4979
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	393	327	2	59852,59853	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	393	383	1	59853	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	393	327	2	59852,59853	27198
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	393	383	1	59853	3531
Copiapite ()*	Copiapite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	393	327	2	59852,59853	382
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	393	383	1	59853	3846
Coquimbite ()*	Coquimbite	AlFe₃(SO₄)₆(H₂O)₁₂·6H₂O	393	327	0		136
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	393	383	1	59853	4165
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	393	383	1	59853	2970
Devilline ()*	Devilline	CaCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆·3H₂O	393	383	1	59853	366
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	393	383	1	59853	9895
Emplectite ()*	Chalcostibite	CuBiS₂	393	383	1	59853	246
Epsomite ()*	Epsomite	Mg(SO₄)·7H₂O	393	383	1	59853	484
Ferberite ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺(WO₄)	393	383	1	59853	551
Freibergite ()*	Tetrahedrite	Ag₆[Cu₄Fe₂]Sb₄S₁₂	393	383	1	59853	663
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	393	327	2	59852,59853	24243
Galenobismutite ()*	Kobellite	PbBi₂S₄	393	383	1	59853	192
Glauberite ()*	None	Na₂Ca(SO₄)₂	393	383	1	59853	137
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	393	383	1	59853	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	393	383	1	59853	30554
Goslarite ()*	Epsomite	Zn(SO₄)·7H₂O	393	383	1	59853	188
Graphite ()*	None	C	393	383	1	59853	2812
Gudmundite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeSbS	393	383	1	59853	170
Gunningite ()*	Kieserite	Zn(SO₄)·H₂O	393	383	1	59853	48
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	393	383	1	59853	6890
Halotrichite ()*	Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄·22H₂O	393	383	1	59853	409
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	393	383	1	59853	14640
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	393	327	2	59852,59853	1689
Hübnerite ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺(WO₄)	393	383	1	59853	469
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	393	383	1	59853	1066
Jamesonite ()*	None	Pb₄FeSb₆S₁₄	393	383	1	59853	784
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	393	383	1	59853	2228
Khademite ()*	Khademite	Al(SO₄)F·5H₂O	393	383	1	59853	15
Kobellite ()*	Kobellite	Pb₁₁(Cu,Fe)₂(Bi,Sb)₁₅S₃₅	393	383	1	59853	87
Ktenasite ()*	Ktenasite Devilline	ZnCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆·6H₂O	393	383	1	59853	75
Langite ()*	None	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆·2H₂O	393	383	1	59853	593
Linarite ()*	Linarite	CuPb(SO₄)(OH)₂	393	383	1	59853	987
Linnaeite ()*	Spinel	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂S₄	393	383	1	59853	249
Löllingite ()*	Löllingite	FeAs₂	393	383	1	59853	762
Mackinawite ()*	None	(Fe,Ni)_1+xS (x = 0-0.07)	393	383	1	59853	451
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	393	383	1	59853	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	393	327	2	59852,59853	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	393	383	1	59853	5674
Melanterite ()*	Melanterite	Fe(SO₄)·7H₂O	393	327	2	59852,59853	915
Meneghinite ()*	Meneghinite	Pb₁₃CuSb₇S₂₄	393	383	1	59853	158
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	393	383	1	59853	5800
Morenosite ()*	Epsomite	Ni(SO₄)·7H₂O	393	383	1	59853	84
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	393	383	1	59853	17380
Polybasite ()*	Polybasite	[Ag₉CuS₄][(Ag,Cu)₆(Sb,As)₂S₇]	393	383	1	59853	716
Pyrargyrite ()*	None	Ag₃SbS₃	393	383	1	59853	1425
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	393	383	1	59853	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	393	383	1	59853	3106
Pyromorphite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl	393	327	2	59852,59853	1725
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	393	383	1	59853	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	393	383	1	59853	61156
Retgersite ()*	None	Ni(SO₄)·6H₂O	393	383	1	59853	55
Römerite ()*	Römerite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂(SO₄)₄·14H₂O	393	383	1	59853	115
Rozenite ()*	Starkeyite	Fe²⁺(SO₄)·4H₂O	393	383	1	59853	293
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂	393	383	1	59853	5614
Scholzite ()*	None	CaZn₂(PO₄)₂·2H₂O	393	383	1	59853	20
Serpierite ()*	Devilline	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆·3H₂O	393	383	1	59853	292
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	393	383	1	59853	5186
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	393	327	2	59852,59853	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	393	327	2	59852,59853	21482
Strontianite ()*	Aragonite	Sr(CO₃)	393	383	1	59853	589
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S	393	383	1	59853	2045
Szomolnokite ()*	Kieserite	Fe(SO₄)·H₂O	393	383	1	59853	139
Tenorite ()*	None	CuO	393	383	1	59853	1101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	393	383	1	59853	5317
Valleriite ()*	Valleriite	2[(Fe,Cu)S]·1.53[(Mg,Al)(OH)₂]	393	383	1	59853	237
Voltaite ()*	Voltaite	K₂Fe²⁺₅Fe³⁺₃Al(SO₄)₁₂·18H₂O	393	383	1	59853	111
Zincocopiapite ()*	Copiapite	ZnFe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	393	383	1	59853	11
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	393	383	1	59853	5251

4 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID
Co-00077	349	331	340	U-Th-Pb		Co, Ni, Mo, Cu	28664	Rammelsberg, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany	Rammelsberg	Bielicki and Tischendorf (1991)	10.1007/BF00321987	CMP106_440
Co-00078	351	327	339	U-Pb		Co, Ni, Mo, Cu	28664	Rammelsberg, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany	Rammelsberg	Bielicki and Tischendorf (1991)	10.1007/BF00321987	CMP106_440
sedexmvt-00123	393	383	Middle Devonian		host rock age		1818	Rammelsberg Mine, Rammelsberg, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany	Rammelsberg	Taylor et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009_1297
sedznpb-00210	393	388	Middle Devonian, Eifelian				1818	Rammelsberg Mine, Rammelsberg, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany	Rammelsberg	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R070571	Rammelsberg, Goslar, Harz, Lower Saxony, Germany	https://rruff.info/R070571

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...