Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Amphibole	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Chlorite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Copper	Covellite
Cubanite	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Malachite	Marcasite	Mica	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group
Pentlandite	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Scheelite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stibnite	Talc	Tetrahedrite
Wurtzite	Zircon

Actinolite ()*	Albite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*
Bornite ()*	Calcite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Clinochlore ()*
Copper ()*	Covellite ()*	Cubanite ()*	Epidote ()*	Fluorite ()*
Galena ()*	Gold ()*	Graphite ()*	Lead ()*	Magnetite ()*
Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Pentlandite ()*	Pyrite ()*
Pyroxmangite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*	Scheelite ()*
Siderite ()*	Silver ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Stibnite ()*	Talc ()*
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Zircon ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Na Ni O Pb S Sb Si W Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Amphibole Arsenopyrite Baryte Calcite Chalcopyrite Chlorite Clay Clinozoisite Copper Covellite
Cubanite Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Malachite Marcasite Mica Nickeline None Not in a structural group
Pentlandite Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Scheelite Sphalerite Spinel Stibnite Talc Tetrahedrite
Wurtzite Zircon

37 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	134715	3419
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)			2	134655,134813	8803
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	80	60	88	134630,134633,134634,134635,134637,134638,134643,134644,134645,134646,134648,134649,134650,134655,134660,134664,134665,134668,134670,134671,134679,134684,134687,134688,134689,134691,134692,134694,134695,134700,134703,134704,134711,134714,134717,134719,134721,134722,134724,134725,134727,134736,134737,134738,134741,134742,134743,134747,134748,134750,134752,134753,134754,134755,134758,134762,134764,134766,134768,134769,134770,134771,134773,134774,134775,134776,134780,134784,134793,134794,134796,134797,134799,134800,134801,134803,134824,134841,134845,134846,134863,134864,134865,134866,134868,134871,134873,134877	9052
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			1	134781	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	60	60	1	134668	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄			2	134707,134718	5516
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	60	20	41	134640,134646,134647,134650,134651,134653,134667,134670,134671,134672,134686,134687,134688,134689,134691,134695,134700,134710,134713,134718,134722,134723,134732,134741,134742,134748,134760,134761,134770,134772,134776,134780,134784,134793,134794,134797,134798,134799,134843,134863,134870	27770
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	20	20	1	134640	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	80	20	126	134631,134632,134635,134637,134640,134646,134648,134650,134651,134652,134654,134659,134660,134661,134662,134663,134667,134668,134669,134670,134671,134672,134675,134677,134681,134684,134689,134690,134691,134695,134697,134698,134699,134703,134706,134707,134709,134710,134712,134713,134714,134715,134716,134718,134719,134721,134723,134725,134728,134729,134732,134734,134735,134736,134738,134741,134742,134745,134746,134749,134751,134756,134760,134761,134763,134770,134771,134772,134773,134774,134776,134777,134779,134780,134781,134782,134788,134791,134792,134793,134794,134796,134797,134798,134800,134802,134803,134810,134812,134814,134817,134819,134820,134822,134823,134824,134826,134829,134830,134831,134832,134833,134834,134836,134839,134841,134842,134843,134847,134848,134849,134850,134852,134853,134854,134856,134857,134858,134859,134860,134861,134862,134867,134875,134876,134879	27198
Clinochlore ()*	Chlorite Clay	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈	20	20	1	134640	1756
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	20	20	6	134640,134734,134746,134751,134798,134861	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	20	20	4	134640,134663,134749,134850	4165
Cubanite ()*	Cubanite Wurtzite	CuFe₂S₃	80	20	8	134640,134662,134672,134738,134751,134756,134763,134772	802
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			18	134701,134709,134712,134723,134729,134733,134772,134821,134825,134826,134827,134829,134831,134844,134849,134852,134857,134867	8173
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂			1	134870	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	80	20	75	134630,134634,134635,134637,134638,134640,134644,134646,134647,134648,134649,134655,134659,134660,134661,134662,134664,134670,134672,134679,134684,134687,134688,134691,134695,134697,134700,134703,134704,134706,134710,134714,134716,134719,134722,134725,134727,134736,134738,134741,134742,134743,134747,134748,134750,134752,134754,134755,134758,134760,134768,134770,134773,134774,134776,134780,134781,134784,134794,134796,134797,134799,134800,134806,134815,134816,134839,134843,134845,134863,134868,134871,134872,134877,134879	24243
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	20	20	117	134630,134631,134633,134635,134637,134638,134640,134641,134643,134644,134645,134646,134648,134649,134650,134653,134655,134661,134664,134665,134669,134670,134671,134673,134675,134676,134678,134679,134683,134684,134685,134686,134687,134688,134689,134691,134692,134694,134695,134697,134700,134703,134704,134706,134710,134711,134714,134716,134717,134719,134720,134722,134724,134725,134726,134730,134731,134734,134736,134737,134739,134740,134741,134744,134747,134748,134750,134752,134754,134755,134758,134759,134760,134761,134762,134764,134765,134766,134768,134769,134770,134771,134773,134775,134776,134778,134779,134780,134781,134783,134784,134786,134787,134789,134791,134793,134794,134796,134797,134799,134800,134801,134804,134805,134809,134812,134815,134818,134841,134845,134846,134864,134865,134866,134868,134877,134880	30554
Graphite ()*	None	C			2	134691,134722	2812
Lead ()*	Copper	Pb			1	134727	192
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	60	60	2	134668,134828	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	20	20	11	134631,134640,134654,134663,134751,134776,134781,134790,134797,134838,134867	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	80	60	2	134662,134738	5674
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	80	20	44	134630,134633,134635,134637,134640,134643,134644,134645,134646,134649,134655,134664,134665,134684,134695,134700,134703,134704,134711,134722,134725,134736,134738,134747,134750,134754,134755,134762,134764,134766,134768,134769,134770,134773,134775,134776,134780,134797,134801,134813,134864,134865,134866,134877	17380
Pentlandite ()*	Pentlandite	(Ni,Fe)₉S₈			1	134745	1512
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	80	20	157	134630,134631,134633,134635,134636,134637,134640,134643,134644,134645,134646,134647,134649,134650,134651,134652,134653,134654,134655,134659,134661,134662,134663,134664,134665,134667,134668,134669,134671,134672,134677,134679,134681,134684,134689,134691,134692,134694,134695,134697,134699,134700,134703,134704,134707,134710,134711,134712,134713,134716,134717,134718,134719,134720,134721,134722,134723,134725,134727,134728,134729,134732,134733,134734,134735,134736,134738,134743,134747,134748,134749,134750,134751,134752,134753,134754,134755,134758,134760,134761,134762,134763,134764,134766,134768,134769,134770,134771,134772,134773,134774,134775,134776,134779,134780,134781,134782,134784,134787,134788,134790,134791,134792,134793,134794,134797,134799,134800,134801,134803,134806,134808,134812,134814,134815,134819,134820,134821,134823,134824,134825,134826,134827,134828,134829,134831,134832,134834,134835,134836,134839,134841,134842,134843,134845,134846,134847,134848,134849,134851,134852,134854,134855,134856,134857,134859,134862,134863,134864,134865,134866,134867,134871,134872,134873,134877,134879	39462
Pyroxmangite ()*	None	Mn²⁺SiO₃			1	134828	147
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	80	20	86	134631,134632,134637,134640,134644,134646,134652,134662,134663,134667,134669,134670,134671,134672,134675,134680,134686,134689,134690,134692,134698,134699,134701,134703,134706,134709,134714,134715,134716,134718,134723,134725,134729,134732,134733,134734,134735,134738,134741,134745,134749,134751,134756,134760,134763,134770,134771,134772,134777,134779,134788,134792,134793,134796,134798,134802,134810,134812,134820,134822,134824,134826,134828,134830,134831,134832,134833,134834,134835,134842,134843,134846,134848,134849,134850,134852,134853,134856,134857,134859,134860,134861,134862,134863,134872,134877	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	80	20	185	134630,134632,134633,134634,134635,134636,134637,134638,134639,134640,134641,134642,134643,134644,134645,134646,134647,134648,134649,134650,134652,134653,134655,134659,134661,134662,134663,134664,134665,134667,134668,134669,134670,134671,134672,134673,134675,134678,134679,134681,134684,134685,134686,134687,134688,134689,134690,134691,134692,134693,134694,134695,134697,134700,134701,134703,134704,134706,134707,134709,134710,134711,134712,134713,134714,134715,134716,134717,134718,134719,134720,134721,134722,134723,134724,134725,134726,134728,134729,134732,134733,134734,134735,134736,134737,134738,134741,134742,134746,134747,134748,134749,134750,134751,134752,134753,134754,134755,134756,134758,134760,134761,134762,134763,134764,134765,134766,134768,134769,134770,134771,134772,134773,134774,134775,134776,134777,134779,134780,134781,134782,134783,134784,134786,134787,134788,134793,134794,134795,134796,134797,134798,134799,134800,134801,134802,134803,134806,134807,134808,134812,134813,134814,134815,134817,134819,134820,134821,134823,134824,134825,134826,134827,134829,134831,134833,134839,134841,134843,134845,134846,134847,134848,134849,134850,134852,134853,134854,134856,134857,134858,134860,134862,134863,134864,134865,134866,134867,134868,134870,134873,134875,134876,134877,134879	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)			1	134828	1711
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)			6	134731,134767,134791,134818,134821,134840	4894
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	20	20	2	134640,134770	6417
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	20	20	3	134640,134669,134871	5186
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	80	20	73	134630,134631,134632,134634,134635,134637,134638,134640,134644,134647,134648,134649,134651,134655,134659,134660,134662,134663,134664,134668,134670,134672,134679,134681,134684,134687,134689,134691,134703,134706,134714,134722,134723,134725,134727,134729,134736,134738,134741,134742,134743,134747,134751,134752,134758,134761,134763,134770,134771,134772,134773,134777,134781,134784,134792,134794,134796,134799,134819,134822,134833,134839,134843,134845,134847,134849,134852,134853,134862,134863,134868,134872,134879	21482
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃			5	134684,134691,134780,134794,134807	3418
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	60	20	2	134640,134662	3337
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	60	60	1	134668	5317
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)			1	134791	5251

5 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference ID
vms-00984	20	20	Tertiary	S	187984	Beatson Mine (Beatson-Bonanza Mine; Big Bonanza Copper Mine), Prince William Sound District, Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska, USA	Beatson	Moiser et al. (2009)	USGSOFR2009_1034
vms-00999	60	60	Lower Tertiary	S	197027	Copper Bullion; Rua Cove; Iron Bullion Nos. 1-3; Bullion Nos. 1-16 Prospect, Prince William Sound District, Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska, USA	Rua Cove	Moiser et al. (2009)	USGSOFR2009_1034
vms-00989	60	60	Lower Tertiary	S	187986	Duchess Mine, Prince William Sound District, Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska, USA	Duchess	Moiser et al. (2009)	USGSOFR2009_1034
vms-00991	60	60	Lower Tertiary	S	187989	Ellamar Mine, Prince William Sound District, Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska, USA	Ellamar	Moiser et al. (2009)	USGSOFR2009_1034
vms-00995	80	80	Upper Cretaceous	S	187991	Midas; Granby Consolidated Mining; Smelting And Power Co. Mine, Prince William Sound District, Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska, USA	Midas	Moiser et al. (2009)	USGSOFR2009_1034

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...