Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Copper	Corundum
Covellite	Diaspore	Digenite	Enargite	Epidote	Garnet	Kaolinite	Malachite	Mica	Molybdenite
Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Sphalerite	Spinel
Stibnite	Tetrahedrite	Wurtzite

Andradite ()*	Anhydrite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*
Bornite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*
Chrysocolla ()*	Cinnabar ()*	Copper ()*	Covellite ()*	Digenite ()*
Enargite ()*	Epidote ()*	Galena ()*	Goethite ()*	Gold ()*
Hematite ()*	Ilmenite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Magnetite ()*
Malachite ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Neotocite ()*	Pyrite ()*
Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*	Scheelite ()*	Siderite ()*
Silver ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Stibnite ()*	Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cu Fe H Hg K Mn Mo O Pb S Sb Si Sn Ti W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Arsenopyrite Baryte Calcite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Copper Corundum
Covellite Diaspore Digenite Enargite Epidote Garnet Kaolinite Malachite Mica Molybdenite
Nickeline None Not in a structural group Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Sphalerite Spinel
Stibnite Tetrahedrite Wurtzite

40 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Andradite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃	89.5	86.5	1	130997	1534
Anhydrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Ca(SO₄)	89.5	86.5	1	130997	1588
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	63	56	4	130953,130954,130961,130977	9052
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			5	130960,130961,130966,130985,130988	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)			1	130974	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	89.5	86.5	3	130997,131007,131009	5516
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	63	56	6	130961,130963,130966,130973,130977,131010	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂			1	131005	5171
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	89.5	86.5	2	130988,130997	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	89.5	56	32	130945,130946,130954,130955,130960,130961,130962,130963,130966,130972,130973,130974,130975,130977,130981,130985,130987,130988,130991,130993,130996,130997,130998,131002,131007,131009,131010,131011,131020,131027,131028,131029	27198
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			2	130961,130998	3531
Cinnabar ()*	None	HgS			1	130969	2600
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu			1	131007	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	89.5	86.5	1	130997	4165
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S	89.5	86.5	1	130997	1027
Enargite ()*	Enargite Wurtzite	Cu₃AsS₄	89.5	86.5	1	130997	910
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	89.5	86.5	6	130961,130963,130997,131010,131027,131028	8173
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	89.5	56	6	130954,130972,130977,130996,130997,131010	24243
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	89.5	86.5	1	130997	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	89.5	86.5	39	130944,130945,130947,130949,130950,130952,130953,130955,130956,130957,130958,130959,130964,130966,130968,130971,130978,130979,130982,130983,130986,130989,130990,130994,130997,130998,130999,131000,131001,131002,131003,131004,131005,131008,131012,131013,131021,131023,131025	30554
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			4	130973,130988,130991,131010	14640
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃			2	130964,130967	5433
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	89.5	86.5	2	130948,130997	2228
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	89.5	86.5	1	130997	5591
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	89.5	86.5	13	130945,130960,130961,130964,130967,130997,131002,131014,131015,131018,131022,131027,131029	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂			7	130960,130961,130966,130985,130988,130998,131028	12537
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	89.5	56	12	130946,130961,130962,130977,130980,130987,130996,130997,131011,131016,131017,131024	5800
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	89.5	56	4	130962,130977,130997,131007	17380
Neotocite ()*	Allophane	(Mn,Fe)SiO₃·H₂O (?)			1	130988	186
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	89.5	56	35	130944,130946,130948,130955,130960,130961,130962,130963,130966,130972,130973,130974,130975,130976,130977,130980,130981,130982,130988,130991,130992,130993,130996,130997,130998,131002,131007,131010,131011,131016,131017,131020,131028,131029,131030	39462
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	63	56	7	130961,130962,130976,130977,130996,131009,131028	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	89.5	56	30	130944,130945,130946,130953,130954,130960,130961,130962,130963,130966,130972,130973,130977,130978,130980,130981,130982,130987,130992,130996,130997,130998,131002,131007,131011,131020,131021,131024,131027,131028	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)	63	56	1	130977	1711
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)			2	130955,131005	4894
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	89.5	86.5	1	130997	6417
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag			1	131013	5186
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	89.5	56	9	130966,130972,130973,130974,130977,130988,130993,130997,131010	21482
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃			1	130953	3418
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃	89.5	86.5	1	130997	1803
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	63	56	3	130954,130977,130996	5317

2 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	PorphCu-00236	63	56	63–56									Arsenopyrite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite	Cu	198360	Kijik River; Thompson Prospect, Bristol Bay District, Lake And Peninsula Borough, Alaska, USA	Kijik River	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155
	PorphCu-00240	89.5	86.5	89.5±0.3 (Re-Os), 88.5±0.3 – 86.5±0.2 (Ar-Ar)									Anhydrite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite, Epidote, Galena, Gold, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Pyrite, Siderite, Sphalerite	Cu	199343	Pebble Copper Prospect, Bristol Bay District, Lake And Peninsula Borough, Alaska, USA	Pebble Copper	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...