Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Amphibole	Aragonite	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite
Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Diaspore	Digenite	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Ilvaite	Kobellite
Malachite	Marcasite	Mica	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Orpiment	Owyheeite	Pyrite
Pyrochlore	Pyroxene	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Serpentine	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stibnite
Tetrahedrite	Topaz	Vesuvianite	Wollastonite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Cr Cu F Fe H Hg K Mg Mn Mo Na O Pb Pt S Sb Si Sn W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Amphibole Aragonite Arsenopyrite Baryte Calcite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite
Copper Corundum Covellite Diaspore Digenite Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Ilvaite Kobellite
Malachite Marcasite Mica Molybdenite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Orpiment Owyheeite Pyrite
Pyrochlore Pyroxene Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Serpentine Sphalerite Spinel Stibnite
Tetrahedrite Topaz Vesuvianite Wollastonite

55 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Antigorite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*
Bornite ()*	Boulangerite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*	Celsian ()*
Cerussite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcophanite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chromite ()*
Chrysocolla ()*	Chrysotile ()*	Cinnabar ()*	Covellite ()*	Digenite ()*
Diopside ()*	Epidote ()*	Fluorite ()*	Galena ()*	Goethite ()*
Gold ()*	Hematite ()*	Ilvaite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Kobellite ()*
Lead ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Molybdenite ()*
Muscovite ()*	Orpiment ()*	Owyheeite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*
Quartz ()*	Realgar ()*	Scheelite ()*	Scorodite ()*	Silver ()*
Smithsonite ()*	Sperrylite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Stibiconite ()*	Stibnite ()*
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Topaz ()*	Tremolite ()*	Vesuvianite ()*	Wollastonite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			2	133837,133908	3419
Antigorite ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄			1	133922	708
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS			3	133858,133920,133945	9052
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	69	68	3	133856,133920,133927	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)			2	133837,133863	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄			2	133887,133908	5516
Boulangerite ()*	None	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁			1	133915	843
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)			15	133842,133856,133858,133868,133878,133881,133887,133888,133908,133913,133924,133949,133955,133966,133967	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂			5	133861,133862,133873,133892,133929	5171
Celsian ()*	Feldspar	Ba(Al₂Si₂O₈)			1	133943	100
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)			1	133856	4979
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	69	68	1	133927	5707
Chalcophanite ()*	None	ZnMn⁴⁺₃O₇·3H₂O			1	133920	197
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	69	68	29	133833,133834,133841,133842,133850,133854,133856,133858,133859,133868,133878,133881,133887,133893,133896,133906,133908,133910,133911,133913,133914,133915,133920,133927,133942,133948,133966,133971,133972	27198
Chromite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Cr₂O₄			2	133894,133930	3902
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			1	133920	3531
Chrysotile ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄			1	133922	951
Cinnabar ()*	None	HgS			5	133851,133863,133873,133926,133945	2600
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	69	68	3	133834,133887,133927	4165
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S			1	133856	1027
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆			2	133854,133887	4135
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			8	133842,133854,133856,133887,133899,133908,133966,133972	8173
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	69	68	2	133853,133927	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS			28	133832,133833,133834,133837,133842,133851,133852,133854,133856,133858,133859,133863,133876,133881,133887,133896,133906,133908,133915,133920,133937,133938,133942,133943,133945,133947,133948,133971	24243
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	69	68	1	133927	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au			74	133825,133827,133828,133829,133831,133835,133838,133839,133840,133843,133844,133845,133846,133847,133849,133851,133857,133859,133860,133861,133862,133863,133865,133866,133870,133871,133873,133874,133875,133877,133878,133879,133881,133882,133883,133884,133885,133886,133888,133889,133890,133891,133892,133895,133897,133898,133899,133901,133905,133912,133913,133916,133923,133925,133926,133928,133929,133930,133931,133932,133933,133934,133946,133949,133953,133954,133956,133957,133962,133965,133969,133974,133975,133976	30554
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			5	133836,133856,133858,133859,133899	14640
Ilvaite ()*	Ilvaite	CaFe³⁺Fe²⁺₂O(Si₂O₇)(OH)			1	133972	197
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	69	68	1	133927	2228
Kobellite ()*	Kobellite	Pb₁₁(Cu,Fe)₂(Bi,Sb)₁₅S₃₅			1	133915	87
Lead ()*	Copper	Pb			1	133863	192
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	69	68	10	133833,133841,133856,133858,133863,133887,133893,133908,133927,133964	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	69	68	7	133842,133856,133868,133887,133911,133920,133927	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂			1	133908	5674
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	69	68	10	133826,133833,133859,133867,133880,133893,133896,133910,133914,133927	5800
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	69	68	6	133837,133878,133899,133915,133927,133968	17380
Orpiment ()*	Orpiment	As₂S₃			1	133888	511
Owyheeite ()*	Owyheeite	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈			1	133915	89
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	69	68	43	133826,133832,133833,133834,133836,133837,133842,133848,133851,133856,133858,133859,133863,133868,133878,133881,133893,133896,133899,133904,133906,133908,133910,133911,133913,133914,133915,133927,133942,133943,133945,133946,133947,133948,133951,133952,133954,133956,133966,133967,133968,133971,133972	39462
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈			11	133841,133842,133856,133858,133867,133887,133908,133918,133948,133952,133971	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	69	68	51	133828,133834,133838,133842,133848,133853,133856,133858,133859,133867,133868,133869,133872,133878,133880,133881,133884,133887,133888,133895,133896,133899,133908,133913,133915,133918,133920,133924,133927,133931,133935,133937,133942,133945,133946,133949,133950,133951,133952,133953,133954,133955,133956,133959,133960,133962,133963,133966,133968,133970,133973	61156
Realgar ()*	None	AsS			1	133888	712
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)			10	133844,133849,133853,133861,133862,133867,133892,133897,133926,133973	4894
Scorodite ()*	None	Fe³⁺(AsO₄)·2H₂O			1	133920	1153
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag			2	133859,133863	5186
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)			1	133858	2473
Sperrylite ()*	Pyrite	PtAs₂			1	133837	337
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS			21	133832,133833,133834,133837,133842,133852,133856,133858,133868,133876,133881,133887,133896,133906,133908,133911,133942,133943,133948,133971,133972	21482
Stibiconite ()*	Pyrochlore	Sb³⁺Sb⁵⁺₂O₆(OH)			1	133920	446
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃			2	133859,133888	3418
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃			3	133868,133887,133915	5317
Topaz ()*	Topaz	Al₂SiO₄F₂			1	133915	1476
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	133867	2562
Vesuvianite ()*	Vesuvianite	(Ca,Na)₁₉(Al,Mg,Fe)₁₃(SiO₄)₁₀(Si₂O₇)₄(OH,F,O)₁₀			1	133842	1395
Wollastonite ()*	Wollastonite	CaSiO₃			2	133842,133867	1247

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	PorphCu-00243	69	68	69-68									Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite, Goethite, Jarosite, Molybdenite, Pyrite	Cu	200298	Taurus Prospect (incl. East Taurus Prospect; West Taurus Prospect), Fortymile District, Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska, USA	Taurus	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...