Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran


mindat Locality ID: 223511
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-223511.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran": 4
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 4

Number of Child Localities: 4
Child Localities:
Chah Calap W-(Sn-Cu) Deposit
Hired Au-Sn Deposit
Ophiolite Complex
Sorkh-e Kuh Cu Deposit

Latitude: 32°18'24"N
Longitude: 58°24'15"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 32.306666666667,58.404166666667
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Au C Ca Cu Fe H K Mg Ni O Pb S Si W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AmphiboleArsenopyriteAuricuprideCalciteChalcopyriteClayCopperCorundumCovelliteDiaspore
MalachiteMicaNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupPentlanditePerovskitePyritePyroxeneQuartz
RocksaltScheeliteSphaleriteSpinel

30 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Awaruite  (*)Azurite  (*)Bornite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Copper  (*)Covellite  (*)
Diopside  (*)Galena  (*)Godlevskite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)
Heazlewoodite  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)Hematite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Pentlandite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Tremolite  (*)Violarite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)21675293419
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS267529,675309052
Awaruite  (*)Auricupride PerovskiteNi3Fe167531166
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)21675295509
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS41675295516
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)267529,6753027770
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S1675295707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2367529,67530,6753127198
Copper  (*)CopperCu1675313846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS1675294165
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61675294135
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS16753024243
Godlevskite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S816753140
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)267529,675307437
Gold  (*)CopperAu16753030554
Heazlewoodite  (*)NoneNi3S2167531205
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O6167529741
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3267529,6753014640
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O416753114899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)216752912537
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)216753017380
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S81675311512
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2267529,6753039462
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8267529,675309056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO216753061156
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)1675294894
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS267529,6753021482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O41675311934
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)21675292562
Violarite  (*)SpinelFeNi2S4167531380


No ages have been assigned to this locality yet.
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All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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