Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Acanthite	Allargentum	Allophane	Alunite	Amorphous	Apatite	Aragonite	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Bournonite
Braunite	Calcite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Columbite	Copiapite	Copper	Coquimbite	Corundum
Covellite	Devilline	Diaspore	Digenite	Epsomite	Feldspar	Fluorite	Gypsum	Halotrichite	Kaolinite
Kieserite	Ktenasite	Malachite	Marcasite	Melanterite	Melonite	Mica	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None
Not in a structural group	Polybasite	Pseudobrookite	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Römerite	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite
Spinel	Stibnite	Sulphur	Talc	Tetradymite	Tetrahedrite	Titanite	Topaz	Tridymite	Turquoise
Wollastonite	Zippeite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi Br C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Te Ti U V W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Acanthite Allargentum Allophane Alunite Amorphous Apatite Aragonite Arsenopyrite Baryte Bournonite
Braunite Calcite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Clay Columbite Copiapite Copper Coquimbite Corundum
Covellite Devilline Diaspore Digenite Epsomite Feldspar Fluorite Gypsum Halotrichite Kaolinite
Kieserite Ktenasite Malachite Marcasite Melanterite Melonite Mica Molybdenite Nickeline None
Not in a structural group Polybasite Pseudobrookite Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Römerite Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite
Spinel Stibnite Sulphur Talc Tetradymite Tetrahedrite Titanite Topaz Tridymite Turquoise
Wollastonite Zippeite

104 IMA Minerals at location:

Acanthite ()*	Albite ()*	Allophane ()*	Alunite ()*	Anglesite ()*
Anhydrite ()*	Ankerite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Azurite ()*
Baryte ()*	Bornite ()*	Bournonite ()*	Braunite ()*	Bromargyrite ()*
Calcite ()*	Carnotite ()*	Cerussite ()*	Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chlorargyrite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Copiapite ()*	Copper ()*
Coquimbite ()*	Covellite ()*	Dickite ()*	Digenite ()*	Dolomite ()*
Dyscrasite ()*	Epsomite ()*	Ferberite ()*	Fibroferrite ()*	Fluorapatite ()*
Freibergite ()*	Freieslebenite ()*	Galena ()*	Goethite ()*	Gold ()*
Goslarite ()*	Gunningite ()*	Gypsum ()*	Halotrichite ()*	Hematite ()*
Hemimorphite ()*	Hessite ()*	Hydroxylapatite ()*	Hydrozincite ()*	Ice ()*
Jarosite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Ktenasite ()*	Kutnohorite ()*	Liebigite ()*
Maghemite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Matildite ()*
Melanterite ()*	Mendozite ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Opal ()*	Pearceite ()*
Petzite ()*	Polybasite ()*	Proustite ()*	Pseudobrookite ()*	Pyrargyrite ()*
Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*
Römerite ()*	Roscoelite ()*	Rutherfordine ()*	Rutile ()*	Saponite ()*
Siderite ()*	Sillimanite ()*	Silver ()*	Smithsonite ()*	Sphalerite ()*
Stephanite ()*	Stibnite ()*	Stromeyerite ()*	Sulphur ()*	Sylvanite ()*
Szomolnokite ()*	Talc ()*	Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetradymite ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*
Titanite ()*	Topaz ()*	Torbernite ()*	Turquoise ()*	Tyuyamunite ()*
Uraninite ()*	Uranophane-α ()*	Wollastonite ()*	Zippeite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite ()*	Acanthite	Ag₂S	37.8	33.8	2	187875,187917	2793
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	37.8	33.8	1	187932	8803
Allophane ()*	Allophane	Al₂O₃(SiO₂)_1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187940	470
Alunite ()*	None	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	37.8	33.8	1	187917	966
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	37.8	33.8	3	187913,187917,187943	2734
Anhydrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Ca(SO₄)			1	187965	1588
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂	37.8	33.8	1	187917	3092
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)			1	187894	3250
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	37.8	33.8	3	187902,187917,187941	9052
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			3	187875,187877,188033	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	37.8	33.8	3	187904,187916,187917	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	37.8	33.8	2	187917,187951	5516
Bournonite ()*	Bournonite	CuPbSbS₃	37.8	33.8	1	187917	1089
Braunite ()*	Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆O₈(SiO₄)	37.8	33.8	1	187917	483
Bromargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgBr			1	187876	227
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	37.8	33.8	3	187894,187902,188039	27770
Carnotite ()*	None	K₂(UO₂)₂(VO₄)₂·3H₂O			4	187876,187995,188007,188010	1184
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187913	4979
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	37.8	33.8	2	187906,187917	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	37.8	33.8	4	187876,187916,187917,188006	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	37.8	33.8	8	187876,187902,187904,187916,187917,187937,187941,188006	27198
Chlorargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgCl	37.8	33.8	5	187875,187876,187880,187902,187917	1382
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			1	188011	3531
Copiapite ()*	Copiapite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187917	382
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	37.8	33.8	1	187917	3846
Coquimbite ()*	Coquimbite	AlFe₃(SO₄)₆(H₂O)₁₂·6H₂O	37.8	33.8	3	187902,187913,187917	136
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	37.8	33.8	2	187876,187917	4165
Dickite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	37.8	33.8	1	187917	651
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S	37.8	33.8	1	187917	1027
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	37.8	33.8	3	187900,187916,187917	9895
Dyscrasite ()*	Allargentum	Ag_3+xSb_1-x (x ≈ 0.2)	37.8	33.8	1	187917	180
Epsomite ()*	Epsomite	Mg(SO₄)·7H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187917	484
Ferberite ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺(WO₄)	37.8	33.8	1	187902	551
Fibroferrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Fe³⁺(SO₄)(OH)·5H₂O	37.8	33.8	2	187913,187917	107
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F	37.8	33.8	2	187889,187917	2740
Freibergite ()*	Tetrahedrite	Ag₆[Cu₄Fe₂]Sb₄S₁₂	37.8	33.8	1	187917	663
Freieslebenite ()*	None	AgPbSbS₃	37.8	33.8	1	187917	105
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	37.8	33.8	9	187901,187902,187906,187913,187914,187915,187916,187917,187943	24243
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	37.8	33.8	1	187902	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	37.8	33.8	19	187876,187882,187886,187906,187916,187917,187966,187967,187973,187980,187987,187991,187992,187993,188016,188017,188018,188031,188036	30554
Goslarite ()*	Epsomite	Zn(SO₄)·7H₂O	37.8	33.8	3	187902,187913,187917	188
Gunningite ()*	Kieserite	Zn(SO₄)·H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187917	48
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	37.8	33.8	12	187902,187917,187965,187968,187971,187972,188019,188020,188021,188022,188023,188024	6890
Halotrichite ()*	Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄·22H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187917	409
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	37.8	33.8	4	187889,187902,187904,187952	14640
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187917	1689
Hessite ()*	None	Ag₂Te	37.8	33.8	7	187902,187906,187912,187916,187917,187922,187923	804
Hydroxylapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃OH	37.8	33.8	1	187902	367
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187917	1066
Ice ()*	Amorphous Tridymite	H₂O			1	187890	59
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	37.8	33.8	4	187902,187913,187917,188007	2228
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187941	5591
Ktenasite ()*	Ktenasite Devilline	ZnCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆·6H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187917	75
Kutnohorite ()*	None	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂	37.8	33.8	1	187917	234
Liebigite ()*	None	Ca₂(UO₂)(CO₃)₃·11H₂O			4	187995,187997,188007,188033	78
Maghemite ()*	Spinel	(Fe³⁺_0.67 _0.33)Fe³⁺₂O₄			1	187952	229
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	37.8	33.8	3	187904,187917,187952	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂			4	187875,188006,188011,188033	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	37.8	33.8	5	187902,187904,187906,187914,187941	5674
Matildite ()*	None	AgBiS₂	37.8	33.8	1	187917	252
Melanterite ()*	Melanterite	Fe(SO₄)·7H₂O	37.8	33.8	4	187902,187912,187913,187917	915
Mendozite ()*	None	NaAl(SO₄)₂·11H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187947	28
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂			2	187975,187979	5800
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O			1	188039	2994
Pearceite ()*	Polybasite	[Ag₉CuS₄][(Ag,Cu)₆(As,Sb)₂S₇]	37.8	33.8	1	187902	249
Petzite ()*	None	Ag₃AuTe₂	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187917	409
Polybasite ()*	Polybasite	[Ag₉CuS₄][(Ag,Cu)₆(Sb,As)₂S₇]	37.8	33.8	1	187917	716
Proustite ()*	None	Ag₃AsS₃	37.8	33.8	1	187902	733
Pseudobrookite ()*	Pseudobrookite	(Fe³⁺₂Ti)O₅			1	187952	164
Pyrargyrite ()*	None	Ag₃SbS₃	37.8	33.8	1	187902	1425
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	37.8	33.8	17	187876,187902,187906,187907,187910,187912,187913,187914,187915,187916,187917,187941,187948,187965,187974,188014,188033	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	37.8	33.8	3	187913,187917,187990	3106
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	37.8	33.8	3	187902,187907,187917	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	37.8	33.8	7	187889,187893,187912,187917,187932,187951,187974	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)	37.8	33.8	1	187917	1711
Römerite ()*	Römerite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂(SO₄)₄·14H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187917	115
Roscoelite ()*	Mica	KV³⁺₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			2	187876,187877	253
Rutherfordine ()*	None	(UO₂)(CO₃)			1	187997	58
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂			1	187898	5614
Saponite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Ca,Na)_0.3(Mg,Fe)₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O			1	188038	301
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	37.8	33.8	8	187902,187906,187907,187913,187914,187916,187917,187941	6417
Sillimanite ()*	Not in a structural group	Al₂SiO₅	37.8	33.8	2	187932,188025	1516
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	37.8	33.8	8	187875,187876,187881,187900,187902,187948,187980,187987	5186
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	37.8	33.8	2	187913,187917	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	37.8	33.8	6	187906,187914,187915,187916,187917,187941	21482
Stephanite ()*	None	Ag₅SbS₄	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187917	586
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃	37.8	33.8	1	187920	3418
Stromeyerite ()*	None	CuAgS	37.8	33.8	2	187902,187917	332
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S	37.8	33.8	2	187913,187921	2045
Sylvanite ()*	Melonite	AgAuTe₄	37.8	33.8	1	187916	337
Szomolnokite ()*	Kieserite	Fe(SO₄)·H₂O	37.8	33.8	1	187917	139
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	188038	3337
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃	37.8	33.8	1	187902	1803
Tetradymite ()*	Tetradymite	Bi₂Te₂S	37.8	33.8	1	187902	510
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	37.8	33.8	3	187901,187902,187917	5317
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O			1	187889	4899
Topaz ()*	Topaz	Al₂SiO₄F₂			1	187985	1476
Torbernite ()*	None	Cu(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·12H₂O			2	187994,188033	1059
Turquoise ()*	Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O			1	187974	484
Tyuyamunite ()*	None	Ca(UO₂)₂(VO₄)₂·5-8H₂O			2	187995,188007	628
Uraninite ()*	Fluorite	UO₂			1	187994	2718
Uranophane-α ()*	None	Ca(UO₂)₂(SiO₃OH)₂·5H₂O			2	187994,188033	890
Wollastonite ()*	Wollastonite	CaSiO₃	37.8	33.8	1	187933	1247
Zippeite ()*	Zippeite	K₂[(UO₂)₄(SO₄)₂O₂(OH)₂](H₂O)₄			3	187995,187997,188007	175

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	sedznpb-00463	37.8	33.8	35.8±2											3616	Gilman District (Battle Mountain District; Red Cliff District), Eagle Co., Colorado, USA	Gilman	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R050192	Fulford District, Eagle Co., Colorado, USA	https://rruff.info/R050192
R050272	Eagle Mine (New Jersey Zinc Eagle Mine; Gilman Mine; Wilkesbarre Shaft; Newhouse Tunnel; Little Chief Mine; Iron Mask Mine; Belden Mine; Black Iron Mine), Gilman, Gilman District (Battle Mountain District; Red Cliff District), Eagle Co., Colorado, USA	https://rruff.info/R050272

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...