Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Toughnut Mine (Tough Nut Mine; Northwest Mine; Hoodoo Stopes; Tombstone Group), Tombstone, Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 145
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 23053
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-23053.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Toughnut Mine (Tough Nut Mine; Northwest Mine; Hoodoo Stopes; Tombstone Group), Tombstone, Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 31°42'44"N
Longitude: 110°4'"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 31.712222222222,-110.06666666667

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Acanthite	Alunite	Amphibole	Apatite	Aragonite	Baryte	Brochantite	Calcite	Caledonite	Clay
Clinozoisite	Connellite	Copper	Corundum	Descloizite	Epidote	Ettringite	Fluorite	Kaolinite	Linarite
Malachite	None	Not in a structural group	Olivine	Phenakite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Scheelite	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite
Stannite	Tetrahedrite	Vesuvianite

Acanthite ()*	Anglesite ()*	Azurite ()*	Beaverite-(Cu) ()*	Brochantite ()*
Buttgenbachite ()*	Calcite ()*	Caledonite ()*	Cerussite ()*	Chalcocite ()*
Chlorargyrite ()*	Clinozoisite ()*	Connellite ()*	Copper ()*	Cuprite ()*
Descloizite ()*	Emmonsite ()*	Famatinite ()*	Fluorite ()*	Gold ()*
Hematite ()*	Hemimorphite ()*	Jarosite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Leadhillite ()*
Linarite ()*	Mackayite ()*	Malachite ()*	Mimetite ()*	Monticellite ()*
Mottramite ()*	Oboyerite ()*	Plumbojarosite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rosasite ()*
Saponite ()*	Smithsonite ()*	Sonoraite ()*	Stromeyerite ()*	Tellurium ()*
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Thaumasite ()*	Tremolite ()*	Vesuvianite ()*	Willemite ()*
Wulfenite ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mo N Na O Pb S Sb Si Te V Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag Al As Au C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mo N Na O Pb S Sb Si Te V Zn

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Acanthite Alunite Amphibole Apatite Aragonite Baryte Brochantite Calcite Caledonite Clay
Clinozoisite Connellite Copper Corundum Descloizite Epidote Ettringite Fluorite Kaolinite Linarite
Malachite None Not in a structural group Olivine Phenakite Quartz Rocksalt Scheelite Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite
Stannite Tetrahedrite Vesuvianite

46 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite ()*	Acanthite	Ag₂S	145	0	2793
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	145	0	2734
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	145	0	5509
Beaverite-(Cu) ()*	Alunite	Pb(Fe³⁺₂Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	145	0	132
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	145	0	1633
Buttgenbachite ()*	Connellite	Cu₃₆(NO₃)₂Cl₈(OH)₆₂·nH₂O	145	0	13
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	145	0	27770
Caledonite ()*	Caledonite	Cu₂Pb₅(SO₄)₃(CO₃)(OH)₆	145	0	359
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	145	0	4979
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	145	0	5707
Chlorargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgCl	145	0	1382
Clinozoisite ()*	Clinozoisite Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	145	0	1025
Connellite ()*	Connellite	Cu₃₆(SO₄)(OH)₆₂Cl₈·6H₂O	145	0	295
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	145	0	3846
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	145	0	2970
Descloizite ()*	Descloizite	PbZn(VO₄)(OH)	145	0	378
Emmonsite ()*	None	Fe³⁺₂(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃·2H₂O	145	0	34
Famatinite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₃SbS₄	145	0	163
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	145	0	9617
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	145	0	30554
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	145	0	14640
Hemimorphite ()*	Not in a structural group	Zn₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	145	0	1689
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	145	0	2228
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	145	0	5591
Leadhillite ()*	None	Pb₄(SO₄)(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	145	0	265
Linarite ()*	Linarite	CuPb(SO₄)(OH)₂	145	0	987
Mackayite ()*	None	Fe³⁺Te⁴⁺₂O₅(OH)	145	0	12
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	145	0	12537
Mimetite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl	145	0	1107
Monticellite ()*	Olivine	CaMg(SiO₄)	145	0	153
Mottramite ()*	Descloizite	PbCu(VO₄)(OH)	145	0	362
Oboyerite ()*	None	H₆Pb₆(Te⁴⁺O₃)₃(Te⁶⁺O₆)₂·2H₂O	145	0	4
Plumbojarosite ()*	Alunite	Pb_0.5Fe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	145	0	477
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	145	0	61156
Rosasite ()*	Malachite	CuZn(CO₃)(OH)₂	145	0	454
Saponite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Ca,Na)_0.3(Mg,Fe)₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂·4H₂O	145	0	301
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	145	0	2473
Sonoraite ()*	None	Fe³⁺(Te⁴⁺O₃)(OH)·H₂O	145	0	11
Stromeyerite ()*	None	CuAgS	145	0	332
Tellurium ()*	None	Te	145	0	190
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	145	0	5317
Thaumasite ()*	Ettringite	Ca₃Si(OH)₆(CO₃)(SO₄)·12H₂O	145	0	183
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	145	0	2562
Vesuvianite ()*	Vesuvianite	(Ca,Na)₁₉(Al,Mg,Fe)₁₃(SiO₄)₁₀(Si₂O₇)₄(OH,F,O)₁₀	145	0	1395
Willemite ()*	Phenakite	Zn₂SiO₄	145	0	303
Wulfenite ()*	Scheelite	PbMoO₄	76	66	1655

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Michelle_554	Near-surface occurrence. Recently forming oxalate associated with cave deposits, in Cochise County, Arizona.

7 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Age from other Locality	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
Michelle_554	0	0	Recent		Age of whewellite mineralization	high			Yes	Whewellite		15570	Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Cochise County	Hofmann and Bernasconi (1998)	10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00043-6	CG149_127	Described as "recent cave deposits."
EG94_211-00055	76	76		Pb-Pb			whole rock?	T11	Yes			19445	Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Tombstone	Bouse et al. (1999)	10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211	EG94_211
EG94_211-00056	76	76		Pb-Pb			whole rock?	T21	Yes			19445	Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Tombstone	Bouse et al. (1999)	10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211	EG94_211
EG94_211-00057	72	72		Pb-Pb			whole rock?	T32	Yes			19445	Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Tombstone	Bouse et al. (1999)	10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211	EG94_211
EG94_211-00058	66	66	66	Pb-Pb			whole rock?	T44	Yes			19445	Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Tombstone	Bouse et al. (1999)	10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211	EG94_211
Mo-00180	76	66		U-Th-Pb?, Pb-Pb?					Yes	Molybdofornacite, Wulfenite	Mo	19445	Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Tombstone Volcanics	Bouse et al. (1999)	10.2113/gsecongeo.94.2.211	EG94_211	76-66 Ma is the age range of volcanics at Tombstone including Bronco Volcanics (76 Ma), Schieffelin Granodiorite (76 Ma), Rhyodacite stock (72 Ma), and Tombstone Rhyolite (66 Ma).
sedznpb-00497	145	2.6	Cretaceous–Tertiary						Yes			19445	Tombstone District, Tombstone Hills, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Tombstone	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...