Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Sudan

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1600
Youngest recorded age at locality: 541

mindat Locality ID: 23359
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-23359.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Sudan": 70
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 48

Number of Child Localities: 9
Child Localities:
Blue Nile
Gedarif (Al Qadarif)
Gezira (Al Jazirah)
Kassala
North Darfur
North Kordofan
Red Sea
River Nile
South Darfur

Latitude: 15°51'8"N
Longitude: 31°5'46"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 15.852222222222,31.096111111111

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Alunite	Amphibole	Aragonite	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Beryl	Calcite	Cerite	Chalcopyrite
Chlorite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Columbite	Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Cubanite	Diamond	Diaspore
Djerfisherite	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Garnet	Gypsum	Iron	Kaolinite	Lepidocrocite	Malachite
Marcasite	Mica	Milarite	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Olivine	Perovskite	Pyrite
Pyroxene	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Serpentine	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stibnite	Sulphur
Talc	Tetrahedrite	Topaz	Turquoise	Vesuvianite	Wavellite	Wollastonite	Wurtzite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Be Bi C Ca Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Ti U W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Alunite Amphibole Aragonite Arsenopyrite Baryte Beryl Calcite Cerite Chalcopyrite
Chlorite Clay Clinozoisite Columbite Copper Corundum Covellite Cubanite Diamond Diaspore
Djerfisherite Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Garnet Gypsum Iron Kaolinite Lepidocrocite Malachite
Marcasite Mica Milarite Molybdenite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Olivine Perovskite Pyrite
Pyroxene Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Serpentine Sphalerite Spinel Stibnite Sulphur
Talc Tetrahedrite Topaz Turquoise Vesuvianite Wavellite Wollastonite Wurtzite

104 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Alabandite ()*	Albite ()*	Anatase ()*	Anglesite ()*
Ankerite ()*	Antigorite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Augite ()*	Azurite ()*
Baryte ()*	Beryl ()*	Bismuthinite ()*	Böhmite ()*	Bornite ()*
Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*	Cerussite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*
Chromite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Clinochlore ()*	Clinoenstatite ()*	Cohenite ()*
Copper ()*	Covellite ()*	Crandallite ()*	Cubanite ()*	Daubréelite ()*
Diamond ()*	Diaspore ()*	Diopside ()*	Djerfisherite ()*	Dolomite ()*
Eitelite ()*	Enstatite ()*	Epidote ()*	Fluorite ()*	Forsterite ()*
Galena ()*	Gibbsite ()*	Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Graphite ()*
Gypsum ()*	Halite ()*	Hematite ()*	Hübnerite ()*	Ilmenite ()*
Iron ()*	Jacobsite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Keilite ()*	Kyanite ()*
Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Manganite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Merrillite ()*
Microcline ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Nahcolite ()*	Niningerite ()*
Oldhamite ()*	Osbornite ()*	Perryite ()*	Pigeonite ()*	Pyrite ()*
Pyrolusite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Realgar ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*
Roedderite ()*	Rutile ()*	Scheelite ()*	Schorlomite ()*	Schreibersite ()*
Scorodite ()*	Silver ()*	Sinoite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Spinel ()*
Suessite ()*	Sulphur ()*	Taenite ()*	Talc ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*
Topaz ()*	Torbernite ()*	Tremolite ()*	Troilite ()*	Trona ()*
Turquoise ()*	Uvarovite ()*	Variscite ()*	Vesuvianite ()*	Wavellite ()*
Wollastonite ()*	Woodhouseite ()*	Wüstite ()*	Zoisite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			2	111028,111066	3419
Alabandite ()*	Rocksalt	MnS			2	111040,111081	312
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)			5	111027,111035,111040,111050,111066	8803
Anatase ()*	Not in a structural group	TiO₂			1	111047	2162
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)			1	111048	2734
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂			1	111027	3092
Antigorite ()*	Serpentine Clay	Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄			1	111028	708
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS			8	111027,111035,111048,111050,111057,111065,111070,111072	9052
Augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆			1	111081	2060
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			2	111072,111085	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)			2	111057,111073	11547
Beryl ()*	Beryl	Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈			1	111082	4286
Bismuthinite ()*	Stibnite	Bi₂S₃	1600	541	1	111068	1935
Böhmite ()*	Lepidocrocite	AlO(OH)			1	111047	195
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄			1	111050	5516
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)			4	111035,111073,111083,111085	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂			2	111071,111083	5171
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)			1	111048	4979
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S			1	111050	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	1600	541	8	111048,111050,111057,111065,111068,111070,111072,111085	27198
Chromite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Cr₂O₄			4	111028,111032,111079,111081	3902
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			1	111085	3531
Clinochlore ()*	Chlorite Clay	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈			1	111028	1756
Clinoenstatite ()*	Pyroxene	Mg₂Si₂O₆			1	111040	94
Cohenite ()*	Perovskite	CFe₃			1	111081	77
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu			1	111085	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS			1	111050	4165
Crandallite ()*	Alunite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆			2	111047,111052	310
Cubanite ()*	Cubanite Wurtzite	CuFe₂S₃	1600	541	1	111068	802
Daubréelite ()*	Spinel	FeCr₂S₄			2	111040,111081	157
Diamond ()*	Diamond	C			1	111081	697
Diaspore ()*	Diaspore	AlO(OH)			1	111047	481
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆			3	111040,111059,111081	4135
Djerfisherite ()*	Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl			1	111040	60
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂			1	111087	9895
Eitelite ()*	None	Na₂Mg(CO₃)₂			1	111087	20
Enstatite ()*	Pyroxene	Mg₂Si₂O₆			1	111040	944
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			4	111028,111050,111066,111075	8173
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂			1	111071	9617
Forsterite ()*	Olivine	Mg₂(SiO₄)			1	111040	1188
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	1600	541	7	111048,111050,111057,111068,111070,111078,111083	24243
Gibbsite ()*	None	Al(OH)₃			1	111047	504
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)			2	111052,111063	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au			14	111027,111035,111044,111050,111055,111057,111058,111064,111065,111066,111069,111072,111075,111085	30554
Graphite ()*	None	C			3	111026,111052,111081	2812
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O			1	111061	6890
Halite ()*	Rocksalt	NaCl			1	111045	1398
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			3	111028,111047,111063	14640
Hübnerite ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺(WO₄)			1	111060	469
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃			1	111081	5433
Iron ()*	Iron	Fe			2	111040,111081	1089
Jacobsite ()*	Spinel	Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	1600	541	1	111068	172
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄			5	111035,111047,111050,111052,111057	5591
Keilite ()*	Rocksalt	FeS			1	111081	6
Kyanite ()*	Not in a structural group	Al₂OSiO₄			1	111041	1507
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄			6	111028,111063,111072,111075,111081,111086	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂			3	111027,111050,111085	12537
Manganite ()*	Rutile	Mn³⁺O(OH)			2	111073,111077	770
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂			3	111027,111048,111072	5674
Merrillite ()*	Cerite	Ca₉NaMg(PO₄)₇			1	111081	230
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)			1	111082	4924
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	1600	541	2	111068,111083	5800
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			8	111026,111027,111035,111050,111057,111065,111072,111082	17380
Nahcolite ()*	None	NaH(CO₃)			1	111087	78
Niningerite ()*	Rocksalt	MgS			2	111040,111081	28
Oldhamite ()*	Rocksalt	CaS			2	111040,111081	58
Osbornite ()*	Rocksalt	TiN			1	111040	20
Perryite ()*	None	(Ni,Fe)₈(Si,P)₃			1	111081	25
Pigeonite ()*	Pyroxene	(Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆			1	111081	303
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	1600	541	9	111027,111035,111048,111050,111057,111065,111068,111072,111085	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂			3	111073,111076,111077	3106
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	1600	541	4	111050,111057,111068,111085	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂			17	111026,111027,111028,111035,111045,111050,111052,111057,111065,111066,111069,111072,111073,111074,111075,111082,111085	61156
Realgar ()*	None	AsS	1600	541	1	111068	712
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)			1	111077	1711
Roedderite ()*	Milarite	KNaMg₂(Mg₃Si₁₂)O₃₀			1	111040	30
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂			1	111047	5614
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)			3	111060,111074,111083	4894
Schorlomite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Ti₂(SiFe³⁺₂)O₁₂			1	111026	54
Schreibersite ()*	None	(Fe,Ni)₃P			2	111040,111081	374
Scorodite ()*	None	Fe³⁺(AsO₄)·2H₂O			1	111072	1153
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	1600	541	3	111048,111050,111068	5186
Sinoite ()*	None	Si₂N₂O			1	111081	9
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	1600	541	6	111048,111050,111057,111068,111070,111072	21482
Spinel ()*	Spinel	MgAl₂O₄			1	111081	1934
Suessite ()*	None	Fe₃Si			1	111081	6
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S			1	111046	2045
Taenite ()*	None	(Ni,Fe)			2	111040,111081	703
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			2	111026,111028	3337
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃			1	111057	5317
Topaz ()*	Topaz	Al₂SiO₄F₂			1	111071	1476
Torbernite ()*	None	Cu(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·12H₂O			1	111085	1059
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	111028	2562
Troilite ()*	None	FeS			2	111040,111081	1044
Trona ()*	None	Na₃(HCO₃)(CO₃)·2H₂O			1	111045	129
Turquoise ()*	Turquoise	CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O			1	111052	484
Uvarovite ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃			1	111028	212
Variscite ()*	None	Al(PO₄)·2H₂O			1	111052	301
Vesuvianite ()*	Vesuvianite	(Ca,Na)₁₉(Al,Mg,Fe)₁₃(SiO₄)₁₀(Si₂O₇)₄(OH,F,O)₁₀			1	111059	1395
Wavellite ()*	Wavellite	Al₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₃·5H₂O			1	111052	374
Wollastonite ()*	Wollastonite	CaSiO₃			1	111059	1247
Woodhouseite ()*	Alunite	CaAl₃(SO₄)(PO₄)(OH)₆			1	111052	62
Wüstite ()*	Rocksalt	FeO			1	111081	74
Zoisite ()*	Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			1	111028	1025

2 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	sedexmvt-00213	1600	1000	Mesoproterozoic		host rock age									38284	Abu Samar, Derudeb District, Red Sea Hills, Red Sea, Sudan	Abu Samar	Taylor et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009_1297
	sedznpb-00416	1000	541	Neoproterozoic											38284	Abu Samar, Derudeb District, Red Sea Hills, Red Sea, Sudan	Abu Samar	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...