Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Amphibole	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Cancrinite-sodalite	Chalcopyrite	Chevkinite	Chlorite	Clay	Clinozoisite
Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Diaspore	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Garnet	Gypsum	Kaolinite
Malachite	Mica	None	Not in a structural group	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Smectite-vermiculite	Sodalite
Sphalerite	Spinel	Talc	Titanite	Zircon

Actinolite ()*	Albite ()*	Almandine ()*	Anatase ()*	Ankerite ()*
Arsenopyrite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bornite ()*	Cerianite-(Ce) ()*
Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Churchite-(Y) ()*	Clinochlore ()*
Fergusonite-(Ce)-β ()*	Clinozoisite ()*	Copper ()*	Covellite ()*	Epidote ()*
Fluorite ()*	Galena ()*	Gibbsite ()*	Goethite ()*	Gold ()*
Graphite ()*	Halloysite-7Å ()*	Helvine ()*	Hematite ()*	Halloysite-10Å ()*
Ilmenite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Lithiophorite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*
Microcline ()*	Muscovite ()*	Perrierite-(Ce) ()*	Pyrite ()*	Quartz ()*
Rutile ()*	Scorodite ()*	Silver ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Stevensite ()*
Talc ()*	Titanite ()*	Tremolite ()*	Vermiculite ()*	Zircon ()*
Zoisite ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Be C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na Nb O P Pb S Si Ti Y Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ca Ce Fe H Nb O Si

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Amphibole Arsenopyrite Baryte Cancrinite-sodalite Chalcopyrite Chevkinite Chlorite Clay Clinozoisite
Copper Corundum Covellite Diaspore Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Garnet Gypsum Kaolinite
Malachite Mica None Not in a structural group Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Smectite-vermiculite Sodalite
Sphalerite Spinel Talc Titanite Zircon

51 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			6	279590,279591,279612,279626,279630,279633	3419
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)			3	279621,279630,279633	8803
Almandine ()*	Garnet	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃			1	279611	2353
Anatase ()*	Not in a structural group	TiO₂			4	279611,279625,279627,279631	2162
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂			2	279612,279635	3092
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS			1	279577	9052
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			1	279580	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)			1	279601	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄			2	279590,279591	5516
Cerianite-(Ce) ()*	Fluorite	CeO₂			2	279581,279627	94
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S			2	279590,279591	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂			3	279590,279591,279621	27198
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			2	279590,279591	3531
Churchite-(Y) ()*	Gypsum	Y(PO₄)·2H₂O			1	279627	70
Clinochlore ()*	Chlorite Clay	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈			1	279635	1756
Fergusonite-(Ce)-β ()*	None	CeNbO₄	541	541	0		3
Clinozoisite ()*	Clinozoisite Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			2	279621,279630	1025
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu			1	279617	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS			2	279590,279591	4165
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	541	541	0		8173
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂			2	279577,279581	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS			1	279621	24243
Gibbsite ()*	None	Al(OH)₃			1	279581	504
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)			4	279581,279618,279627,279662	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au			1	279577	30554
Graphite ()*	None	C			2	279628,279630	2812
Halloysite-7Å ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄			1	279627	52
Helvine ()*	Sodalite Cancrinite-sodalite	Be₃Mn²⁺₄(SiO₄)₃S			1	279581	237
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			10	279571,279585,279587,279595,279600,279601,279603,279605,279618,279662	14640
Halloysite-10Å ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·2H₂O			1	279611	62
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃			8	279589,279590,279626,279627,279628,279629,279630,279633	5433
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄			3	279581,279627,279629	5591
Lithiophorite ()*	None	(Al,Li)(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂(OH)₂			2	279581,279627	210
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	541	541	14	279571,279585,279587,279595,279600,279601,279605,279607,279609,279626,279627,279629,279630,279633	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂			3	279590,279591,279617	12537
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	541	541	3	279607,279609,279627	4924
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			3	279581,279609,279630	17380
Perrierite-(Ce) ()*	Chevkinite	Ce₄MgFe³⁺₂Ti₂O₈(Si₂O₇)₂			2	279627,279631	46
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂			5	279577,279618,279621,279630,279662	39462
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	541	541	13	279579,279583,279590,279591,279607,279609,279610,279611,279625,279627,279629,279630,279638	61156
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂			5	279611,279625,279627,279630,279633	5614
Scorodite ()*	None	Fe³⁺(AsO₄)·2H₂O			1	279577	1153
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag			1	279577	5186
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS			1	279621	21482
Stevensite ()*	Clay	(Ca,Na)_xMg_3-ySi₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	279620	57
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			3	279590,279591,279635	3337
Titanite ()*	Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O			3	279581,279621,279625	4899
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			3	279590,279591,279612	2562
Vermiculite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄·8H₂O			2	279630,279640	652
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	541	541	5	279581,279607,279609,279627,279631	5251
Zoisite ()*	Epidote	Ca₂Al₃[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			1	279621	1025

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	ree-00759	541	541	Precambrian			low								52378	Little Friar Mountain Mine (Massie Mine), Amherst Co., Virginia, USA	Little Friar Mountain	Orris and Grauch (2002)		USGSOFR02_189

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R070300	Amherst Co., Virginia, USA	https://rruff.info/R070300
R080102	Amherst Co., Virginia, USA	https://rruff.info/R080102

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...