Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Penland, Spruce Pine District, Mitchell Co., North Carolina, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 367
Youngest recorded age at locality: 365

mindat Locality ID: 29358
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-29358.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Penland, Spruce Pine District, Mitchell Co., North Carolina, USA": 3
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 3

Number of Child Localities: 3
Child Localities:
Deer Park Mine
Deer Park No. 2 Mine
Deer Park No. 5 Mine

Latitude: 35°55'56"N
Longitude: 82°6'14"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 35.932222222222,-82.103888888889
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ca Ce Cu Fe H K Mn Na O P S Si U Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AllophaneAmorphousAutuniteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteEpidoteFeldsparFluoriteGarnet
MicaMonaziteNoneQuartzSpinel

19 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Autunite  (*)Bornite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)
Clarkeite  (*)Clinozoisite  (*)Gahnite  (*)Microcline  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Opal  (*)Uranophane-β  (*)Quartz  (*)Spessartine  (*)
Torbernite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)Zoisite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)36736512520918803
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O36736512520911272
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS436736512520905516
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2367365125209027198
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O36736512520913531
Clarkeite  (*)NoneNa(UO2)O(OH)·nH2O367365125209118
Clinozoisite  (*)Clinozoisite EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)36736512520911025
Gahnite  (*)SpinelZnAl2O43673651252090445
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)36736512520914924
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)3673651252091945
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)23673652252090,25209117380
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O3673652252090,2520912994
Uranophane-β  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O3673651252090144
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2367365125209061156
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)336736512520901214
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O36736512520911059
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO23673653252090,252091,2520922718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O3673651252091890
Zoisite  (*)EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)3673652252090,2520921025


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Bradley_2012_164367365366±1U/Pb zircon  YesZircon  49771McHone Mine Pegmatite, Spruce Pine District, Mitchell Co., North Carolina, USAMcHoneMcCauley and Bradley (2014)10.3749/canmin.52.2.183CM52_183 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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