Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Helmand, Afghanistan

Oldest recorded age at locality: 5.33
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 30777
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-30777.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Helmand, Afghanistan": 14
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 10

Number of Child Localities: 3
Child Localities:
Baghran District
Dushan District
Garmser District (Garmsir District)

Latitude: 30°52'1"N
Longitude: 64°8'25"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 30.866944444444,64.140277777778

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Apatite	Aragonite	Baryte	Burbankite	Carbocernaite	Clay	Fluorite	Gypsum	Malachite	Mica
None	Not in a structural group	Quartz

Anhydrite ()*	Ankerite ()*	Aragonite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*
Burbankite ()*	Calkinsite-(Ce) ()*	Carbocernaite ()*	Dolomite ()*	Fluorapatite ()*
Fluorite ()*	Gypsum ()*	Khanneshite ()*	Malachite ()*	Muscovite ()*
Quartz ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K La Mg Na O P S Si Sr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Apatite Aragonite Baryte Burbankite Carbocernaite Clay Fluorite Gypsum Malachite Mica
None Not in a structural group Quartz

16 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Anhydrite ()*	Not in a structural group	Ca(SO₄)			1	533	1588
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂	5.33	0	1	530	3092
Aragonite ()*	Aragonite	Ca(CO₃)	5.33	0	6	532,533,534,536,537,538	3250
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			1	527	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	5.33	0	1	530	11547
Burbankite ()*	Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅	5.33	0	1	530	52
Calkinsite-(Ce) ()*	None	Ce₂(CO₃)₃·4H₂O	5.33	0	1	530	8
Carbocernaite ()*	Carbocernaite	(Sr,Ce,La)(Ca,Na)(CO₃)₂	5.33	0	1	530	24
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	5.33	0	1	530	9895
Fluorapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F	5.33	0	1	530	2740
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	5.33	0	1	530	9617
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	5.33	0	1	532	6890
Khanneshite ()*	Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Ba,Sr,Ce,Ca)₃(CO₃)₅	5.33	0	1	530	6
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂			1	527	12537
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			1	526	17380
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂			1	526	61156

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Jen_0001193	MAGMATIC STYLE: Eroded volcano 6.5 km in diameter with central 3x2 km sövite stock surounded by ring of ankerite-barite carbonatite; there are three small plugs of alvikite. The central intrusive complex is enveloped by carbonatitic tuffs, agglomerates and breccias with some remnants of alvikite lava. Calcite carbonatite dykes cut the pyroclastic rocks. Remnants of a 10 m thick sheet of leucite phonolite.

Age ID

Locality Notes

Jen_0001193

MAGMATIC STYLE: Eroded volcano 6.5 km in diameter with central 3x2 km sövite stock surounded by ring of ankerite-barite carbonatite; there are three small plugs of alvikite. The central intrusive complex is enveloped by carbonatitic tuffs, agglomerates and breccias with some remnants of alvikite lava. Calcite carbonatite dykes cut the pyroclastic rocks. Remnants of a 10 m thick sheet of leucite phonolite.

2 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Jen_0001193	5.33	0	Pliocene-Quaternary	Geological.										226843	Khanneshin Complex, Dushan District, Helmand, Afghanistan	Khanneshin	Woolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)	10.4095/225115	GSCOF5796
	ree-00001	2.6	1.8	Early Quaternary- <5 Ma (?, mica, sovite)				?, mica							226843	Khanneshin Complex, Dushan District, Helmand, Afghanistan	Khanneshin	Orris and Grauch (2002)		USGSOFR02_189

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...