Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 19
Youngest recorded age at locality: 19

mindat Locality ID: 3438
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-3438.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USA": 19
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 15

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Boron Dry Lakes (Boron Dry Lakes No. 1)
Kramer Borate Deposit

Latitude: 35°3'26"N
Longitude: 117°45'8"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 35.057222222222,-117.75222222222
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As B Ba C Ca Cl F Fe H Hg K Li Mg Mn Na Ni O S Sb Si Sr Ti U V Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As Ca Fe H Na O Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteAmorphousAnalcimeAragoniteArsenicArseniosideriteArsenoliteBaryteBerthieriteCalcite
ChabaziteClayClinozoisiteCopiapiteCorundumEpidoteEpsomiteFeldsparGmeliniteGypsum
HarmotomeHeulanditeKaoliniteLepidocrociteMicaMordeniteNatroliteNickelineNoneOrpiment
PseudobrookitePyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStibnite
SulphurTitaniteTridymiteVeatchiteZircon

86 IMA Minerals at location:
Albite  (*)Analcime  (*)Anorthite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenic  (*)
Arseniosiderite  (*)Arsenolite  (*)Augite  (*)Baryte  (*)Barytocalcite  (*)
Beidellite  (*)Berthierite  (*)Birnessite  (*)Borax  (*)Calcite  (*)
Carnotite  (*)Chabazite-Na  (*)Clinoptilolite-Na  (*)Colemanite  (*)Copiapite  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Epidote  (*)Epsomite  (*)Garrelsite  (*)Gerstleyite  (*)
Gmelinite-Na  (*)Greigite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halite  (*)Hectorite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Heulandite-Na  (*)Hisingerite  (*)Howlite  (*)Hydroboracite  (*)
Ilmenite  (*)Inderite  (*)Inyoite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)Kernite  (*)
Kurnakovite  (*)Lepidocrocite  (*)Mackinawite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Mazzite-Na  (*)
Metacinnabar  (*)Meyerhofferite  (*)Microcline  (*)Mirabilite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)
Mordenite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)Natrolite  (*)Opal  (*)
Orpiment  (*)Pararealgar  (*)Phillipsite-Na  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Probertite  (*)
Pseudobrookite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Realgar  (*)
Rhodochrosite  (*)Rutile  (*)Saponite  (*)Sassolite  (*)Searlesite  (*)
Sideronatrite  (*)Smythite  (*)Stibnite  (*)Strontianite  (*)Sulphur  (*)
Thénardite  (*)Tincalconite  (*)Titanite  (*)Todorokite  (*)Tridymite  (*)
Tunellite  (*)Ulexite  (*)Veatchite  (*)Wardsmithite  (*)Witherite  (*)
Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)191911597148803
Analcime  (*)AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6)·H2O19193159714,159716,1597191627
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)191911597141036
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)191911597143250
Arsenic  (*)ArsenicAs19191159714379
Arseniosiderite  (*)ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3·3H2O19190194
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O319191159714231
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6191911597142060
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)1919115971411547
Barytocalcite  (*)NoneBaCa(CO3)21919115971483
Beidellite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3Al2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·nH2O1919085
Berthierite  (*)BerthieriteFeSb2S419192159714,159715343
Birnessite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K)0.6(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4·1.5H2O19191159714178
Borax  (*)NoneNa2B4O5(OH)4·8H2O19196159714,159716,159717,159718,159719,15973076
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)19194159714,159716,159719,15972427770
Carnotite  (*)NoneK2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O191911597291184
Chabazite-Na  (*)Chabazite(Na3K)[Al4Si8O24]·11H2O19192159716,15971966
Clinoptilolite-Na  (*)HeulanditeNa6(Si30Al6)O72·20H2O1919115971924
Colemanite  (*)NoneCaB3O4(OH)3·H2O19193159714,159716,159719144
Copiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O19192159714,159715382
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)219192159714,1597249895
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)191911597148173
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O19191159714484
Garrelsite  (*)NoneNaBa3B7Si2O16(OH)4191911597145
Gerstleyite  (*)NoneNa2(Sb,As)8S13·2H2O19195159714,159715,159716,159717,1597243
Gmelinite-Na  (*)GmeliniteNa4(Si8Al4)O24·11H2O1919115971925
Greigite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2S419194159714,159716,159719,15972462
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O191911597146890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl191911597141398
Hectorite  (*)ClayNa0.3(Mg,Li)3Si4O10(F,OH)2·nH2O1919115971419
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O31919115971414640
Heulandite-Na  (*)Heulandite(Na,Ca,K)6(Si,Al)36O72·22H2O1919115971918
Hisingerite  (*)Kaolinite ClayFe2Si2O5(OH)4·2H2O19191159714144
Howlite  (*)NoneCa2SiB5O9(OH)519192159714,15971536
Hydroboracite  (*)NoneCaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2·3H2O19193159714,159716,15971942
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3191911597145433
Inderite  (*)NoneMgB3O3(OH)5·5H2O19195159714,159716,159717,159718,15971913
Inyoite  (*)NoneCaB3O3(OH)5·4H2O19192159714,15971934
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4191911597145591
Kernite  (*)NoneNa2B4O6(OH)2·3H2O19195159714,159716,159717,159719,15972410
Kurnakovite  (*)NoneMgB3O3(OH)5·5H2O19195159714,159716,159717,159718,15971915
Lepidocrocite  (*)LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)19191159714581
Mackinawite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07)19191159714451
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O41919115971414899
Mazzite-Na  (*)NoneNa8(Si28Al8)O72·30H2O191911597192
Metacinnabar  (*)SphaleriteHgS19191159714255
Meyerhofferite  (*)NoneCaB3O3(OH)5·H2O19192159714,15971923
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)191911597144924
Mirabilite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)·10H2O19192159714,159715223
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O19192159714,1597241508
Mordenite  (*)Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96·28H2O19191159719405
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)21919115971417380
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)619192159714,159715254
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O191911597141236
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O19192159714,1597292994
Orpiment  (*)OrpimentAs2S319192159716,159719511
Pararealgar  (*)NoneAs4S41919115971657
Phillipsite-Na  (*)HarmotomeNa6(Si10Al6)O32·12H2O1919115971927
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2191911597142273
Probertite  (*)NoneNaCaB5O7(OH)4·3H2O19195159714,159715,159716,159717,15971929
Pseudobrookite  (*)Pseudobrookite(Fe3+2Ti)O519191159714164
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS21919115971439462
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S819193159714,159716,1597199056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21919115971461156
Realgar  (*)NoneAsS19195159714,159716,159717,159718,159719712
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)19193159714,159716,1597191711
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2191911597145614
Saponite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Ca,Na)0.3(Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O19192159716,159719301
Sassolite  (*)NoneB(OH)319195159714,159715,159716,159717,15972431
Searlesite  (*)NoneNaBSi2O5(OH)219195159714,159715,159716,159719,15972434
Sideronatrite  (*)NoneNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH)·3H2O1919115971473
Smythite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x ≈ 0-0.3)19192159714,15971677
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S319192159714,1597173418
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)19191159714589
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS191911597142045
Thénardite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)19192159714,159715299
Tincalconite  (*)NoneNa2B4O5(OH)4·3H2O19196159714,159715,159716,159717,159718,15971929
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O191911597144899
Todorokite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12·3-4H2O19191159714433
Tridymite  (*)TridymiteSiO219191159714458
Tunellite  (*)NoneSrB6O9(OH)2·3H2O19194159714,159716,159718,15971912
Ulexite  (*)NoneNaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O19195159714,159716,159718,159719,159730160
Veatchite  (*)VeatchiteSr2B11O16(OH)5·H2O1919115971612
Wardsmithite  (*)NoneCa5Mg(B4O7)6·30H2O191911597145
Witherite  (*)AragoniteBa(CO3)19191159714251
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)191911597145251


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Scott-OLEB41_307-0001191919 Age of deposition      80184Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAKramer DepositGrew et al. (2011)10.1007/s11084-010-9233-yOLEB41_307the oldest reported kernite is 19 Ma in the Kramer

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R070168Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070168
R050195Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050195
R050661Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050661
R050660Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050660
R050283Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050283
X050174Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/X050174
R050102Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050102
R040161Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R040161
R050105Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050105
R050393Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050393
R060255California Borate Company Property (Western Borax Mine; Western Mine), Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R060255
R060510U.S. Borax Mine (Pacific West Coast Borax; Kramer Mine; Baker Mine), Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R060510
R150123U.S. Borax Mine (Pacific West Coast Borax; Kramer Mine; Baker Mine), Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R150123
R070755Jenifer Mine (Jennifer Mine), U.S. Borax Mine (Pacific West Coast Borax; Kramer Mine; Baker Mine), Kramer Borate Deposit, Boron, Kramer District (Kramer Borate District), Kern Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070755

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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