Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Needles, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1700
Youngest recorded age at locality: 1700

mindat Locality ID: 48843
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-48843.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Needles, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA": 2
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 2

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
November Mine
Old Marble Quarry

Latitude: 43°50'14"N
Longitude: 103°32'14"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 43.837222222222,-103.53722222222
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As C Ca F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na O P S Si Ti U W Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AmorphousAmphiboleApatiteArsenoliteArsenopyriteAutuniteCalciteClayFeldsparFluorite
GarnetHureauliteLeucophosphiteMelanteriteMicaNoneOlivinePyritePyroxeneQuartz
ScheeliteTitaniteWollastoniteZircon

28 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Arsenolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Autunite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Heterosite  (*)
Hureaulite  (*)Leucophosphite  (*)Melanterite  (*)Microcline  (*)Muscovite  (*)
Opal  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Quartz  (*)Scheelite  (*)
Scorodite  (*)Spessartine  (*)Tavorite  (*)Titanite  (*)Tremolite  (*)
Uraninite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)21700170012650673419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)1700170012650668803
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O3170017001265066231
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS1700170012650669052
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O1700170012650661272
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)17001700126506727770
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61700170012650674135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)21700170012650679895
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F170017002265066,2650672740
Heterosite  (*)OlivineFe3+(PO4)170017001265066204
Hureaulite  (*)HureauliteMn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2·4H2O170017001265066125
Leucophosphite  (*)LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)·2H2O170017001265066110
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O170017001265066915
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1700170012650664924
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)217001700126506617380
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O1700170012650662994
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)21700170012650672273
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS217001700126506639462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO217001700126506661156
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)1700170012650674894
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O1700170012650661153
Spessartine  (*)GarnetMn2+3Al2(SiO4)31700170012650661214
Tavorite  (*)NoneLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)17001700126506635
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1700170012650674899
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)21700170012650672562
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO21700170012650662718
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO31700170012650671247
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1700170012650665251


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Alexandra-0372170017001700 Age of pegmatite   Yes Li, Be, Sn, Cs, Ta, Nb, U122418Black Elk Peak (Harney Peak), Pennington Co., South Dakota, USAHarney PeakNorton and Redden (1990)10.2138/am.2008.2633AM75_631 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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