Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 56
Youngest recorded age at locality: 33.9

mindat Locality ID: 57424
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-57424.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA": 4
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 3

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Laurel Canyon

Latitude: 32°52'38"N
Longitude: 110°18'56"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 32.877222222222,-110.31555555556

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Acanthite	Allophane	Alunite	Apatite	Aragonite	Aravaipaite	Baryte	Braunite	Brochantite	Caledonite
Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Descloizite	Devilline	Diaspore	Epsomite
Fluorite	Linarite	Malachite	Mica	Minium	None	Not in a structural group	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt
Scheelite	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Tetrahedrite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Ba Br C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si V W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Acanthite Allophane Alunite Apatite Aragonite Aravaipaite Baryte Braunite Brochantite Caledonite
Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Clay Copper Corundum Covellite Descloizite Devilline Diaspore Epsomite
Fluorite Linarite Malachite Mica Minium None Not in a structural group Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt
Scheelite Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Tetrahedrite

55 IMA Minerals at location:

Acanthite ()*	Anglesite ()*	Antlerite ()*	Aravaipaite ()*	Artroeite ()*
Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*	Beaverite-(Cu) ()*	Bonattite ()*	Braunite ()*
Brochantite ()*	Bromargyrite ()*	Calcioaravaipaite ()*	Caledonite ()*	Cerussite ()*
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chlorargyrite ()*	Chrysocolla ()*	Covellite ()*
Creedite ()*	Cuprite ()*	Descloizite ()*	Devilline ()*	Fluorite ()*
Galena ()*	Gearksutite ()*	Goethite ()*	Goslarite ()*	Grandreefite ()*
Hematite ()*	Hydrocerussite ()*	Laurelite ()*	Leadhillite ()*	Linarite ()*
Litharge ()*	Malachite ()*	Massicot ()*	Mimetite ()*	Minium ()*
Montmorillonite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Pinalite ()*	Plumbogummite ()*	Plumbojarosite ()*
Prosopite ()*	Pseudograndreefite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Quartz ()*	Scotlandite ()*
Shannonite ()*	Silver ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Wulfenite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite ()*	Acanthite	Ag₂S	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	2793
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	2734
Antlerite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu²⁺₃(SO₄)(OH)₄	56	33.9	1	139349	246
Aravaipaite ()*	Aravaipaite	Pb₃AlF₉·H₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	1
Artroeite ()*	None	PbAlF₃(OH)₂	56	33.9	1	139349	3
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	56	33.9	1	139349	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	56	33.9	1	139349	11547
Beaverite-(Cu) ()*	Alunite	Pb(Fe³⁺₂Cu)(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	56	33.9	1	139349	132
Bonattite ()*	None	Cu(SO₄)·3H₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	21
Braunite ()*	Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆O₈(SiO₄)	56	33.9	1	139349	483
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	56	33.9	1	139349	1633
Bromargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgBr	56	33.9	1	139349	227
Calcioaravaipaite ()*	Aravaipaite	PbCa₂AlF₉	56	33.9	1	139349	2
Caledonite ()*	Caledonite	Cu₂Pb₅(SO₄)₃(CO₃)(OH)₆	56	33.9	1	139349	359
Cerussite ()*	Aragonite	Pb(CO₃)	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	4979
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	925
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	56	33.9	1	139349	27198
Chlorargyrite ()*	Rocksalt	AgCl	56	33.9	1	139349	1382
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	3531
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	56	33.9	1	139349	4165
Creedite ()*	None	Ca₃Al₂(SO₄)(OH)₂F₈·2H₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	48
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	2970
Descloizite ()*	Descloizite	PbZn(VO₄)(OH)	56	33.9	1	139349	378
Devilline ()*	Devilline	CaCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆·3H₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	366
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	24243
Gearksutite ()*	None	CaAlF₄(OH)·H₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	68
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	56	33.9	1	139349	7437
Goslarite ()*	Epsomite	Zn(SO₄)·7H₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	188
Grandreefite ()*	None	Pb₂(SO₄)F₂	56	33.9	1	139349	2
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	56	33.9	1	139349	14640
Hydrocerussite ()*	None	Pb₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	56	33.9	1	139349	201
Laurelite ()*	None	Pb₇F₁₂Cl₂	56	33.9	1	139349	3
Leadhillite ()*	None	Pb₄(SO₄)(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	56	33.9	1	139349	265
Linarite ()*	Linarite	CuPb(SO₄)(OH)₂	56	33.9	1	139349	987
Litharge ()*	None	PbO	56	33.9	1	139349	139
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	12537
Massicot ()*	None	PbO	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	202
Mimetite ()*	Apatite	Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl	56	33.9	1	139349	1107
Minium ()*	Minium	Pb²⁺₂Pb⁴⁺O₄	56	33.9	1	139349	247
Montmorillonite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Na,Ca)_0.3(Al,Mg)₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂·nH₂O	56	33.9	1	139349	1508
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	56	33.9	1	139349	17380
Pinalite ()*	None	Pb₃(WO₄)OCl₂	56	33.9	1	139349	2
Plumbogummite ()*	Alunite	PbAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆	56	33.9	1	139349	170
Plumbojarosite ()*	Alunite	Pb_0.5Fe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	477
Prosopite ()*	None	CaAl₂F₄(OH)₄	56	33.9	1	139349	39
Pseudograndreefite ()*	None	Pb₆(SO₄)F₁₀	56	33.9	1	139349	1
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	56	33.9	1	139349	39462
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	61156
Scotlandite ()*	None	Pb(S⁴⁺O₃)	56	33.9	1	139349	25
Shannonite ()*	None	Pb₂O(CO₃)	56	33.9	1	139349	8
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	56	33.9	1	139349	5186
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	56	33.9	1	139349	21482
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	56	33.9	1	139349	5317
Wulfenite ()*	Scheelite	PbMoO₄	56	33.9	2	139348,139349	1655

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	sedznpb-00443	56	33.9	Eocene?							Yes				29785	Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	Aravaipa	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R100004	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100004
R100032	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100032
R100034	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100034
R070424	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R070424
R100033	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100033
R100012	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100012
R100011	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100011
R100035	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100035
R050668	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R050668
R100006	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100006
R100043	Grand Reef Mine (Aravaipa Mine; Lead Jewel; Joe Rubal Mine; Vivian Mine; Calistoga Mining & Development Co. Mine; Bringham Silver And Lead Mine), Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R100043

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...