) R061064 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Important Update News

The RRUFF Project (rruff.info) is being updated to improve its interface and content. The beta version of the update is accessible to the public at RRUFF.net. New data is only being added to the beta site. Please note that it is in development, and some components are not functional.

We are grateful to NASA for the funding of this effort.

Cristobalite R061064

Name: Cristobalite
RRUFF ID: R061064
Ideal Chemistry: SiO₂
Locality: Ellora Caves, India
Source: Harvard Mineralogical Museum 97849
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Colorless single crystals, octahedra and groups of octahedra, some have transformed to quartz. Sample used in Downs and Palmer (1994)
Status: The identification of this mineral is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis.

Mineral Group: [ Cristobalite (11) ]

Quick search: [ All Cristobalite samples (7) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R061064.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	Si_1.00O₂·0.11H₂O ; trace amounts of Al and Na; H₂O by difference, verified by Raman spectroscopy
Microprobe Data File:	[ Download Excel File ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R061064

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R061064.9

Sample Description:

Single crystal, powder profile is calculated

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 4.9717(4)Å b: 4.9717(4)Å c: 6.9223(3)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 90° gamma: 90° Volume: 171.10(1)Å³ Crystal System: tetragonal

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Cristobalite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
vom Rath G (1887) Ueber Cristobalit vom Cerro S. Cristóbal bei Pachuca (Mexico), Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1887, 198-199 [view file]
Murdoch J (1942) Crystallographic notes: cristobalite, stephanite, natrolite, American Mineralogist, 27, 500-506 [view file]
Van Valkenburg A, Buie B F (1945) Octahedral cristobalite with quartz paramorphs from Ellora Caves, Hyderabad State, India, American Mineralogist, 30, 526-535 [view file]
Flörke V O W (1955) Strukturanomalien bei Tridymit und Cristobalit, Berichte der Deutschen Keramischen Gesellschaft., 32, 369-381
Flörke V O W (1957) Über die röntgen-mineralanalyse und die thermische ausdehnung von cristobalit and tridymit und über die zusammensetzung von silikamassen, Deutschen Keramischen Gesellschaft, 34, 343-390
Dollase W A (1965) Reinvestigation of the structure of low cristobalite, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 121, 369-377
Appleman D E, Nissen H U, Stewart D B, Clark J R, Dowty E, Huebner J S (1971) Studies of lunar plagioclases, tridymite, and cristobalite, Proceedings of the Second Lunar Science Conference, 1, 117-133 [view file]
Jones J B, Segnit E R (1972) Genesis of cristobalite and tridymite at low temperatures, Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, 18, 419-422
Mason B (1972) Lunar tridymite and cristobalite, American Mineralogist, 57, 1530-1535 [view file]
Leadbetter A J, Smith T W, Wright A F (1973) Structure of high cristobalite, Nature Physical Science, 244, 125-126
Peacor D P (1973) High-temperature single-crystal study of the cristobalite inversion, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 138, 274-298 [view file]
Peacor D R (1973) High-temperature single-crystal study of the cristobalite inversion, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 138, 274-298
Cohen L H, Klement W (1975) Differential thermal analysis investigation of the high-low cristobalite inversion under hydrostatic pressure to 7 kbar, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 58, 206-208
Pluth J J, Smith J V, Faber J (1985) Crystal structure of low cristobalite at 10, 293, and 473 K: Variation of framework geometry with temperature, Journal of Applied Physics, 57, 1045-1049
de Jong B H W S, van Hoek J, Veeman W S, Manson D V (1987) X-ray diffraction and ²⁹Si magic-angle-spinning NMR of opals: incoherent long- and short-range order in opal-CT, American Mineralogist, 72, 1195-1203 [view file]
Drees L R, Wilding L P, Smeck N E, Senkayi A L (1989) Silica in soils: quartz and disordered silica polymorphs, in Minerals in Soil Environments Editor S B Weed. Soil Science Society of America Madison Wisconsin, USA 913-974
Hatch D M, Ghose S (1991) The α-ß transition in cristobalite, SiO₂, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 17, 554-562
Downs R T, Palmer D C (1994) The pressure behavior of α cristobalite, American Mineralogist, 79, 9-14 [view file]
Elzea J M, Odom I E, Miles W J (1994) Distinguishing well ordered opal-CT and opal-C from high temperature cristobalite by X-ray diffraction, Analytica Chimica Acta, 286, 107-116
Elzea J M, Odom I E, Miles W J (1994) Distinguishing well ordered opal-CT and opal-C from high temperature cristobalite by x-ray diffraction, Analytica Chimica Acta, 286, 107-116 [view file]
Palmer D C, Finger L W (1994) Pressure-induced phase transition in cristobalite: An X-ray powder diffraction study to 4.4 GPa, American Mineralogist, 79, 1-8 [view file]
Swamy V, Saxena S K, Sundman B, Zhang J (1994) A thermodynamic assessment of silica phase diagram, Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 11787-11794
Elzea J M, Rice S B (1996) TEM and X-ray diffraction evidence for cristobalite and tridymite stacking sequences in opal, Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 492-500
Dove M T, Craig M S, Keen D A, Marshall W G, Redfern S A T, Trachenko K O, Tucker M G (2000) Crystal structure of the high-pressure monoclinic phase-II of cristobalite, SiO₂, Mineralogical Magazine, 64, 569-576 [view file]
Monger H C, Kelly E F (2002) Silica minerals, in Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Applications Soil Science Society of America Madison Wisconsin, USA 611-636
Huang L, Durandurdu M, Kieffer J (2006) Transformation pathways of silica under high pressure, Nature Materials, 5, 977-981
Garg N, Sharma S M (2007) Classical molecular dynamical simulations of high pressure behavior of alpha cristobalite (SiO₂), Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 19, 456201
Liang Y, Miranda C R, Scandolo S (2007) Tuning oxygen packing in silica by nonhydrostatic pressure, Physical Review Letters, 99, 215504-4
Donadio D, Martonak R, Raiteri P, Parrinello M (2008) Influence of temperature and anisotropic pressure on the phase transitions in α-cristobalite, Physical Review Letters, 100, 165502-4
Dera P, Lazarz J D, Prakapenka V B, Barkley M, Downs R T (2011) New insights into the high-pressure polymorphism of SiO₂ cristobalite, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 38, 517-529
Jackson J C, Horton Jr. J W, Chou I, Belkin H E (2011) Monoclinic tridymite in clast-rich impact melt rock from the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, American Mineralogist, 96, 81-88
Poswal H K, Garg N, Somayazulu M, Sharma S M (2013) Pressure-induced structural transformations in the low-cristobalite form of AlPO₄, American Mineralogist, 98, 285-291
Matsui M, Sato T, Funamori N (2014) Crystal structures and stabilities of cristobalite-helium phases at high pressures, American Mineralogist, 99, 184-189
Seddio A M, Korotev R L, Jolliff B L, Wang A (2015) Silica polymorphs in lunar granite: implications for granite petrogenesis on the Moon, American Mineralogist, 100, 1533-1543
Nattrass C, Horwell C J , Damby D E , Brown D, Stone V (2017) The effect of aluminium and sodium impurities on the in vitro toxicity and pro-inflammatory potential of cristobalite, Environmental Research, 159, 164-175
Arasuna A, Kigawa M, Fujii S, Endo T, Takahashi K, Okuno M (2018) Structural characterization of the body frame and spicules of a glass sponge, Minerals, 8, 88 [view file]
Nesbitt H W, Bancroft G M, Henderson G S (2018) Temperature dependence of Raman shifts and line widths for Q⁰ and Q² crystals of silicates, phosphates, and sulphates, American Mineralogist, 103, 966-976
Novembre D, Pace C, Gimeno D (2018) Synthesis and characterization of wollastonite-2M by using a diatomite precursor, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 95-110
Sirotkina E A, Bindi L, Bobrov A V, Tamarova A, Pushcharovsky D Y, Irifune T (2018) X-ray single-crystal structural characterization of Na₂MgSiO₄ with cristobalite-type structure syntheised at 22 GPa and 1800 °C, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 485-489
Takada A, Glaser K J, Bell R G, Catlow C R A (2018) Molecular dynamics study of tridymite, IUCrJ, 5, 325-334
Lee S, Xu H (2019) Using powder XRD and pair distribution function to determine anisotropic atomic displacement parameters of orthorhombic tridymite and tetragonal cristobalite, Acta Crystallographica, B75, S2052520619000933
Schipper C I, Rickard W D A, Reddy S M, Saxey D W, Castro J M, Fougerouse D, Quadir Z, Conway C, Prior D J, Lilly K (2020) Volcanic SiO₂-cristobalite: A natural product of chemical vapor deposition, American Mineralogist, 105, 510-524
Di Benedetto F, Giaccherini A, Romanelli M, Montegrossi G, Belluso E, Capella S, Zoleo A, Arcangeli G, Marinaccio A, Gottardo O, Capacci F (2021) A study of radicals in industrial raw cristobalite powders, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 48, 9
Cavosie A J, Rickard W D A, Evans N J, Rankenburg K, Roberts M, Macris C A, Koeberl C (2022) Origin of β-cristobalite in Libyan Desert glass: The hottest naturally occurring silica polymorph?, American Mineralogist, 107, 1325-1340

REFERENCES for Cristobalite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

vom Rath G (1887) Ueber Cristobalit vom Cerro S. Cristóbal bei Pachuca (Mexico), Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 1887, 198-199 [view file]

Murdoch J (1942) Crystallographic notes: cristobalite, stephanite, natrolite, American Mineralogist, 27, 500-506 [view file]

Van Valkenburg A, Buie B F (1945) Octahedral cristobalite with quartz paramorphs from Ellora Caves, Hyderabad State, India, American Mineralogist, 30, 526-535 [view file]

Flörke V O W (1955) Strukturanomalien bei Tridymit und Cristobalit, Berichte der Deutschen Keramischen Gesellschaft., 32, 369-381

Flörke V O W (1957) Über die röntgen-mineralanalyse und die thermische ausdehnung von cristobalit and tridymit und über die zusammensetzung von silikamassen, Deutschen Keramischen Gesellschaft, 34, 343-390

Dollase W A (1965) Reinvestigation of the structure of low cristobalite, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 121, 369-377

Appleman D E, Nissen H U, Stewart D B, Clark J R, Dowty E, Huebner J S (1971) Studies of lunar plagioclases, tridymite, and cristobalite, Proceedings of the Second Lunar Science Conference, 1, 117-133 [view file]

Jones J B, Segnit E R (1972) Genesis of cristobalite and tridymite at low temperatures, Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, 18, 419-422

Mason B (1972) Lunar tridymite and cristobalite, American Mineralogist, 57, 1530-1535 [view file]

Leadbetter A J, Smith T W, Wright A F (1973) Structure of high cristobalite, Nature Physical Science, 244, 125-126

Peacor D P (1973) High-temperature single-crystal study of the cristobalite inversion, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 138, 274-298 [view file]

Peacor D R (1973) High-temperature single-crystal study of the cristobalite inversion, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 138, 274-298

Cohen L H, Klement W (1975) Differential thermal analysis investigation of the high-low cristobalite inversion under hydrostatic pressure to 7 kbar, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 58, 206-208

Pluth J J, Smith J V, Faber J (1985) Crystal structure of low cristobalite at 10, 293, and 473 K: Variation of framework geometry with temperature, Journal of Applied Physics, 57, 1045-1049

de Jong B H W S, van Hoek J, Veeman W S, Manson D V (1987) X-ray diffraction and ²⁹Si magic-angle-spinning NMR of opals: incoherent long- and short-range order in opal-CT, American Mineralogist, 72, 1195-1203 [view file]

Drees L R, Wilding L P, Smeck N E, Senkayi A L (1989) Silica in soils: quartz and disordered silica polymorphs, in Minerals in Soil Environments Editor S B Weed. Soil Science Society of America Madison Wisconsin, USA 913-974

Hatch D M, Ghose S (1991) The α-ß transition in cristobalite, SiO₂, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 17, 554-562

Downs R T, Palmer D C (1994) The pressure behavior of α cristobalite, American Mineralogist, 79, 9-14 [view file]

Elzea J M, Odom I E, Miles W J (1994) Distinguishing well ordered opal-CT and opal-C from high temperature cristobalite by X-ray diffraction, Analytica Chimica Acta, 286, 107-116

Elzea J M, Odom I E, Miles W J (1994) Distinguishing well ordered opal-CT and opal-C from high temperature cristobalite by x-ray diffraction, Analytica Chimica Acta, 286, 107-116 [view file]

Palmer D C, Finger L W (1994) Pressure-induced phase transition in cristobalite: An X-ray powder diffraction study to 4.4 GPa, American Mineralogist, 79, 1-8 [view file]

Swamy V, Saxena S K, Sundman B, Zhang J (1994) A thermodynamic assessment of silica phase diagram, Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 11787-11794

Elzea J M, Rice S B (1996) TEM and X-ray diffraction evidence for cristobalite and tridymite stacking sequences in opal, Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 492-500

Dove M T, Craig M S, Keen D A, Marshall W G, Redfern S A T, Trachenko K O, Tucker M G (2000) Crystal structure of the high-pressure monoclinic phase-II of cristobalite, SiO₂, Mineralogical Magazine, 64, 569-576 [view file]

Monger H C, Kelly E F (2002) Silica minerals, in Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Applications Soil Science Society of America Madison Wisconsin, USA 611-636

Huang L, Durandurdu M, Kieffer J (2006) Transformation pathways of silica under high pressure, Nature Materials, 5, 977-981

Garg N, Sharma S M (2007) Classical molecular dynamical simulations of high pressure behavior of alpha cristobalite (SiO₂), Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 19, 456201

Liang Y, Miranda C R, Scandolo S (2007) Tuning oxygen packing in silica by nonhydrostatic pressure, Physical Review Letters, 99, 215504-4

Donadio D, Martonak R, Raiteri P, Parrinello M (2008) Influence of temperature and anisotropic pressure on the phase transitions in α-cristobalite, Physical Review Letters, 100, 165502-4

Dera P, Lazarz J D, Prakapenka V B, Barkley M, Downs R T (2011) New insights into the high-pressure polymorphism of SiO₂ cristobalite, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 38, 517-529

Jackson J C, Horton Jr. J W, Chou I, Belkin H E (2011) Monoclinic tridymite in clast-rich impact melt rock from the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, American Mineralogist, 96, 81-88

Poswal H K, Garg N, Somayazulu M, Sharma S M (2013) Pressure-induced structural transformations in the low-cristobalite form of AlPO₄, American Mineralogist, 98, 285-291

Matsui M, Sato T, Funamori N (2014) Crystal structures and stabilities of cristobalite-helium phases at high pressures, American Mineralogist, 99, 184-189

Seddio A M, Korotev R L, Jolliff B L, Wang A (2015) Silica polymorphs in lunar granite: implications for granite petrogenesis on the Moon, American Mineralogist, 100, 1533-1543

Nattrass C, Horwell C J , Damby D E , Brown D, Stone V (2017) The effect of aluminium and sodium impurities on the in vitro toxicity and pro-inflammatory potential of cristobalite, Environmental Research, 159, 164-175

Arasuna A, Kigawa M, Fujii S, Endo T, Takahashi K, Okuno M (2018) Structural characterization of the body frame and spicules of a glass sponge, Minerals, 8, 88 [view file]

Nesbitt H W, Bancroft G M, Henderson G S (2018) Temperature dependence of Raman shifts and line widths for Q⁰ and Q² crystals of silicates, phosphates, and sulphates, American Mineralogist, 103, 966-976

Novembre D, Pace C, Gimeno D (2018) Synthesis and characterization of wollastonite-2M by using a diatomite precursor, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 95-110

Sirotkina E A, Bindi L, Bobrov A V, Tamarova A, Pushcharovsky D Y, Irifune T (2018) X-ray single-crystal structural characterization of Na₂MgSiO₄ with cristobalite-type structure syntheised at 22 GPa and 1800 °C, European Journal of Mineralogy, 30, 485-489

Takada A, Glaser K J, Bell R G, Catlow C R A (2018) Molecular dynamics study of tridymite, IUCrJ, 5, 325-334

Lee S, Xu H (2019) Using powder XRD and pair distribution function to determine anisotropic atomic displacement parameters of orthorhombic tridymite and tetragonal cristobalite, Acta Crystallographica, B75, S2052520619000933

Schipper C I, Rickard W D A, Reddy S M, Saxey D W, Castro J M, Fougerouse D, Quadir Z, Conway C, Prior D J, Lilly K (2020) Volcanic SiO₂-cristobalite: A natural product of chemical vapor deposition, American Mineralogist, 105, 510-524

Di Benedetto F, Giaccherini A, Romanelli M, Montegrossi G, Belluso E, Capella S, Zoleo A, Arcangeli G, Marinaccio A, Gottardo O, Capacci F (2021) A study of radicals in industrial raw cristobalite powders, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 48, 9

Cavosie A J, Rickard W D A, Evans N J, Rankenburg K, Roberts M, Macris C A, Koeberl C (2022) Origin of β-cristobalite in Libyan Desert glass: The hottest naturally occurring silica polymorph?, American Mineralogist, 107, 1325-1340