- R040040 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Witherite R040040

Name: Witherite
RRUFF ID: R040040
Ideal Chemistry: Ba(CO₃)
Locality: Cave-in-Rock, Hardin County, Illinois, USA
Source: University of Arizona Mineral Museum 8505 [view label]
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Tan colored prismatic group of columnar crystals
Status: The identification of this mineral has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis

Mineral Group: [ Aragonite (18) ]

Quick search: [ All Witherite samples (3) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R040040.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	(Ba_0.98Sr_0.02)_Σ=1CO₃; CO₂ estimated by difference
Microprobe Data File:	[ Download Excel File ]

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Sample is oriented, mounted onto a pin and polished

Pin ID:

L00241

Orientation:

Laser parallel to -a* (-1 0 0). Fiducial mark perpendicular to laser is parallel to -c [0 0 -1].

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R040040

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (RAW)
	RRUFF File

INFRARED SPECTRUM (Attenuated Total Reflectance)

RRUFF ID:

R040040.1

Instrument settings:

SensIR Durascope on a Nicolet Magna 860 FTIR

Resolution:

DOWNLOADS:

	Infrared Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R040040.1

Sample Description:

Powder

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 5.3072(2)Å b: 8.8928(3)Å c: 6.4245(6)Å
alpha: 90.° beta: 90.° gamma: 90.° Volume: 303.22(2)Å³ Crystal System: orthorhombic

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	Cell Refinement Data
	Cell Refinement Output Data
	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - Processed)
	RRUFF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Witherite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Withering W, Kirwan R (1784) Experiments and observations on the terra ponderosa, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 74, 293-311 [view file]
Hoffmann C A S (1789) Mineralsystem des Herrn Inspektor Werners mit dessen Erlaubnis herausgegeben von C A S Hoffmann, Bergmannisches Journal, 1, 369-398 [view file]
Klaproth M H (1797) Noch einige Erfahrungen über Witherit und Strontianit, Beiträge zur Chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, 2, 84-91 [view file]
Zachariasen W H (1928) Untersuchungen über die Kristallstruktur von Sesquioxyden und Verbindungen ABO₃, Skrifter Utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo, 1, 1-165 [view file]
De Villiers J P R (1971) Crystal structures of aragonite, strontianite, and witherite, American Mineralogist, 56, 758-772 [view file]
Blount C (1974) Synthesis of barite, celestite, anglesite, witherite, and strontianite from aqueous solutions, American Mineralogist, 59, 1209-1219 [view file]
Chamberlain S C, Dossert W P, Siegel D I (1986) A new paragenesis and new localities for witherite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 24, 79-90 [view file]
Cloots R (1991) Raman spectrum of carbonates M^IICO₃ in the 1100-1000 cm^-1 region: observation of the v₁ mode of the isotopic (C¹⁶O₂¹⁸O)^2- ion, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 47, 1745-1750
Antao S M, Hassan I (2007) BaCO₃: high-temperature crystal structures and the Pmcn —› R3m phase transition at 811°C, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 34, 573-580
Antao S M, Hassan I (2009) The orthorhombic structure of CaCO₃, SrCO₃, PbCO₃ and BaCO₃: Linear structural trends, The Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 1245-1255 [view file]
Buzgar N, Apopei A I (2009) The Raman study of certain carbonates, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 55, 97-112 [view file]
Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, American Mineralogist, 97, 707-712 [view file]
Nie S, Liu Y, Liu Q, Wang M, Wang H (2017) Phase transitions and thermal expansion of BaCO₃ and SrCO₃ up to 1413 K, European Journal of Mineralogy, 29, 433-443
Lindner M, Jordan G (2018) On the growth of witherite and its relacement by the Mg-bearing double carbonate norsethite: Implications for the dolomite problem, American Mineralogist, 103, 252-259
Li K, Liu X, Guo R, Wu C, Peng B, Li Z, Duan X, Zhou Y, Pei C (2020) Non-isodiametric growth and confinement effect in the mineralisation of witherite, Mineralogical Magazine, 84, 524-532

REFERENCES for Witherite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Withering W, Kirwan R (1784) Experiments and observations on the terra ponderosa, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 74, 293-311 [view file]

Hoffmann C A S (1789) Mineralsystem des Herrn Inspektor Werners mit dessen Erlaubnis herausgegeben von C A S Hoffmann, Bergmannisches Journal, 1, 369-398 [view file]

Klaproth M H (1797) Noch einige Erfahrungen über Witherit und Strontianit, Beiträge zur Chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, 2, 84-91 [view file]

Zachariasen W H (1928) Untersuchungen über die Kristallstruktur von Sesquioxyden und Verbindungen ABO₃, Skrifter Utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo, 1, 1-165 [view file]

De Villiers J P R (1971) Crystal structures of aragonite, strontianite, and witherite, American Mineralogist, 56, 758-772 [view file]

Blount C (1974) Synthesis of barite, celestite, anglesite, witherite, and strontianite from aqueous solutions, American Mineralogist, 59, 1209-1219 [view file]

Chamberlain S C, Dossert W P, Siegel D I (1986) A new paragenesis and new localities for witherite, The Canadian Mineralogist, 24, 79-90 [view file]

Cloots R (1991) Raman spectrum of carbonates M^IICO₃ in the 1100-1000 cm^-1 region: observation of the v₁ mode of the isotopic (C¹⁶O₂¹⁸O)^2- ion, Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 47, 1745-1750

Antao S M, Hassan I (2007) BaCO₃: high-temperature crystal structures and the Pmcn —› R3m phase transition at 811°C, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 34, 573-580

Antao S M, Hassan I (2009) The orthorhombic structure of CaCO₃, SrCO₃, PbCO₃ and BaCO₃: Linear structural trends, The Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 1245-1255 [view file]

Buzgar N, Apopei A I (2009) The Raman study of certain carbonates, Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitatii, Al. I. Cuza Iasi Geologie, 55, 97-112 [view file]

Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P (2012) Crystal structure and thermal expansion of aragonite-group carbonates by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, American Mineralogist, 97, 707-712 [view file]

Nie S, Liu Y, Liu Q, Wang M, Wang H (2017) Phase transitions and thermal expansion of BaCO₃ and SrCO₃ up to 1413 K, European Journal of Mineralogy, 29, 433-443

Lindner M, Jordan G (2018) On the growth of witherite and its relacement by the Mg-bearing double carbonate norsethite: Implications for the dolomite problem, American Mineralogist, 103, 252-259

Li K, Liu X, Guo R, Wu C, Peng B, Li Z, Duan X, Zhou Y, Pei C (2020) Non-isodiametric growth and confinement effect in the mineralisation of witherite, Mineralogical Magazine, 84, 524-532