- R110188 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and Chemistry

Armalcolite R110188

Name: Armalcolite
RRUFF ID: R110188
Ideal Chemistry: (Mg,Fe²⁺)Ti₂O₅
Locality: Synthetic
Source: Hexiong Yang
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Transparent euhedral single crystal, synthesized at 1223 deg C with K2WO4 flux. Reheated to 1400 deg C for 5 hours, and quenched. The Mg and Ti are disordered. Crystals were used in the Yang and Hazen (1998) & the Liermann et al (2006) studies.
Status: The identification of this mineral is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis.

Mineral Group: [ Pseudobrookite (6) ]

Quick search: [ All Armalcolite samples (3) ]

CHEMISTRY

RRUFF ID:	R110188.2
Sample Description:	Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry:	Mg_0.995(6)Ti_2.005(5)O₅

RAMAN SPECTRUM

RRUFF ID:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

DOWNLOADS:

To download sample data,
please select a specific
orientation angle.

BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS

RRUFF ID:

R110188

Wavelength:

Sample Description:

Unoriented Raman on the primary sample

Instrument settings:

Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW

DOWNLOADS:

	Raman Data (Processed)
	RRUFF File

POWDER DIFFRACTION

RRUFF ID:

R110188.9

Sample Description:

Single crystal, powder profile is calculated

Cell Refinement Output:

a: 9.7597(4)Å b: 9.9789(4)Å c: 3.7478(3)Å
alpha: 90° beta: 90° gamma: 90° Volume: 365.00(3)Å³ Crystal System: orthorhombic

File Type Information

Calculated diffraction file.

File Type Information

Output file from the Bruker D8 Advance instrument. Includes device headers and XY data.

DOWNLOADS:

	DIF File
	X-ray Data (XY - RAW)
	RRUFF File

REFERENCES for Armalcolite
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]
Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]
Anderson A T, Bunch T E, Cameron E N, Haggerty S E, Boyd F R, Finger L W, James O B, Keil K, Prinz M, Ramdohr P, El Goresy A (1970) Armalcolite: a new mineral from the Apollo 11 samples, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Supplement, Proceedings of the Apollo 11 Lunar Science Conference, 1, 55-63 [view file]
Fleischer M (1970) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 55, 2135-2139 [view file]
Bowles J F W (1988) Definition and range of composition of naturally occurring minerals with the pseudobrookite structure, American Mineralogist, 73, 1377-1383 [view file]
Wechsler B A, Von Dreele R B (1989) Structure refinement of Mg₂TiO₄, MgTiO₃ and MgTi₂O₅ by time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction, Acta Crystallographica, B45, 542-549
Hayob J L, Essene E J (1995) Armalcolite in crustal paragneiss xenoliths, central Mexico, American Mineralogist, 80, 810-822 [view file]
Yang H, Hazen R M (1998) Crystal chemistry of cation order-disorder in pseudobrookite-type MgTi₂O₅, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 138, 238-244
Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry karrooite, MgTi₂O₅, with different ordering states, American Mineralogist, 84, 130-137 [view file]
Liermann H-P, Downs R T, Yang H (2006) Site disorder revealed through Raman spectra from oriented single crystals: a case study on karooite (MgTi₂O₅), American Mineralogist, 91, 790-793 [view file]
Lennie A R, Knight K S, Henderson C M B (2007) Cation ordering in MgTi₂O₅ (karrooite): probing temperature dependent effects with neutrons, American Mineralogist, 92, 1165-1180 [view file]
Sevillano G C, Viñals J, Rebollar M C (2009) Minerales de la vesículas de las Rocas lamproíticas del Afloramiento de la Aljorra (Murcia), Revista de la Sociedad Española de Mineralogia, 11, 43-44 [view file]
Zhang A, Pang R, Sakamoto N, Yurimoto H (2020) The Cr-Zr-Ca armalcolite in lunar rocks is loveringite: Constraints from electron backscatter diffraction measurements, American Mineralogist, 105, 1021-1029
Kazheva O N, Zubkova N V, Schafer C, Chukanov N V, Pekov I V, Britvin S N, Pushcharovsky D Y (2021) The pseudobrookite group: crystal chemical features of the armalcolite Fe²⁺ analogue, Doklady Earth Sciences, 497, 305-309 [view file]
Du T R T, Zhang A C, Chen J N, Wen Y Y (2024) Subsolidus breakdown of armalcolite: Constraints on thermal effects during shock lithification of lunar regolith, American Mineralogist, 109, 24-34

REFERENCES for Armalcolite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Anderson A T, Bunch T E, Cameron E N, Haggerty S E, Boyd F R, Finger L W, James O B, Keil K, Prinz M, Ramdohr P, El Goresy A (1970) Armalcolite: a new mineral from the Apollo 11 samples, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Supplement, Proceedings of the Apollo 11 Lunar Science Conference, 1, 55-63 [view file]

Fleischer M (1970) New mineral names, American Mineralogist, 55, 2135-2139 [view file]

Bowles J F W (1988) Definition and range of composition of naturally occurring minerals with the pseudobrookite structure, American Mineralogist, 73, 1377-1383 [view file]

Wechsler B A, Von Dreele R B (1989) Structure refinement of Mg₂TiO₄, MgTiO₃ and MgTi₂O₅ by time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction, Acta Crystallographica, B45, 542-549

Hayob J L, Essene E J (1995) Armalcolite in crustal paragneiss xenoliths, central Mexico, American Mineralogist, 80, 810-822 [view file]

Yang H, Hazen R M (1998) Crystal chemistry of cation order-disorder in pseudobrookite-type MgTi₂O₅, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 138, 238-244

Yang H, Hazen R M (1999) Comparative high-pressure crystal chemistry karrooite, MgTi₂O₅, with different ordering states, American Mineralogist, 84, 130-137 [view file]

Liermann H-P, Downs R T, Yang H (2006) Site disorder revealed through Raman spectra from oriented single crystals: a case study on karooite (MgTi₂O₅), American Mineralogist, 91, 790-793 [view file]

Lennie A R, Knight K S, Henderson C M B (2007) Cation ordering in MgTi₂O₅ (karrooite): probing temperature dependent effects with neutrons, American Mineralogist, 92, 1165-1180 [view file]

Sevillano G C, Viñals J, Rebollar M C (2009) Minerales de la vesículas de las Rocas lamproíticas del Afloramiento de la Aljorra (Murcia), Revista de la Sociedad Española de Mineralogia, 11, 43-44 [view file]

Zhang A, Pang R, Sakamoto N, Yurimoto H (2020) The Cr-Zr-Ca armalcolite in lunar rocks is loveringite: Constraints from electron backscatter diffraction measurements, American Mineralogist, 105, 1021-1029

Kazheva O N, Zubkova N V, Schafer C, Chukanov N V, Pekov I V, Britvin S N, Pushcharovsky D Y (2021) The pseudobrookite group: crystal chemical features of the armalcolite Fe²⁺ analogue, Doklady Earth Sciences, 497, 305-309 [view file]

Du T R T, Zhang A C, Chen J N, Wen Y Y (2024) Subsolidus breakdown of armalcolite: Constraints on thermal effects during shock lithification of lunar regolith, American Mineralogist, 109, 24-34