Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Koashva Open Pit (Vostochnyi Mine), Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, Russia

Oldest recorded age at locality: 413.6
Youngest recorded age at locality: 319.6

mindat Locality ID: 2672
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-2672.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Koashva Open Pit (Vostochnyi Mine), Koashva Mt, Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, Russia": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 67°37'0"N
Longitude: 34°0'0"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 67.616666666667,34
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al B Ba Be C Ca Ce Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K La Li Mg Mn Mo N Na Nb Ni O P Pb REE S Si Sr Th Ti Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al B Ba Be C Ca Ce Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K La Li Mg Mn Mo N Na Nb Ni O P Pb REE S Si Sr Th Ti Y Zn Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AmphiboleApatiteAstrophylliteBatisiteBradleyiteBukoviteBurbankiteCancriniteCancrinite-sodaliteCatapleiite
ChalcopyriteClayCorundumCristobaliteCubaniteDjerfisheriteErshoviteEudialyteFeldsparFluorite
GagariniteGismondineLabuntsoviteLovozeriteMicaMolybdeniteNatroliteNeptuniteNoneNot in a structural group
OlivinePectolitePerovskitePharmacosideritePyritePyroxeneRhabdophaneRocksaltSapphirineSodalite
SphaleriteSpinelTitaniteTridymiteUmbite

107 IMA Minerals at location:
Aegirine  (*)Aegirine-augite  (*)Aenigmatite  (*)Albite  (*)Alexkhomyakovite  (*)
Amicite  (*)Andrianovite  (*)Annite  (*)Arctite  (*)Arfvedsonite  (*)
Astrophyllite  (*)Augite  (*)Barytolamprophyllite  (*)Belovite-(Ce)  (*)Bonshtedtite  (*)
Cancrinite  (*)Carbobystrite  (*)Catapleiite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chkalovite  (*)Chlorbartonite  (*)Clinophosinaite  (*)Crawfordite  (*)Deloneite  (*)
Diopside  (*)Djerfisherite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dorfmanite  (*)Elpasolite  (*)
Ershovite  (*)Eudialyte  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorcaphite  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Forsterite  (*)Galena  (*)Gwihabaite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Ivanyukite-Cu  (*)
Ivanyukite-K  (*)Ivanyukite-Na  (*)Kalsilite  (*)Kazakovite  (*)Koashvite  (*)
Kostylevite  (*)Labuntsovite-Mn  (*)Labyrinthite  (*)Lamprophyllite  (*)Lemmleinite-K  (*)
Lisitsynite  (*)Lobanovite  (*)Lomonosovite  (*)Lovozerite  (*)Lucasite-(Ce)  (*)
Magnesiochromite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Manganoneptunite  (*)Megakalsilite  (*)Microcline  (*)
Molybdenite  (*)Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)Murmanite  (*)Murunskite  (*)Nacaphite  (*)
Natisite  (*)Natrite  (*)Natrolite  (*)Natrophosphate  (*)Nefedovite  (*)
Nepheline  (*)Pectolite  (*)Petersenite-(Ce)  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Phosinaite-(Ce)  (*)
Polezhaevaite-(Ce)  (*)Potassic-arfvedsonite  (*)Potassic-richterite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Rasvumite  (*)
Rémondite-(La)  (*)Rhabdophane-(Ce)  (*)Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)Sazykinaite-(Y)  (*)Shafranovskite  (*)
Shcherbakovite  (*)Sidorenkite  (*)Sitinakite  (*)Sodalite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)
Steenstrupine-(Ce)  (*)Strontiofluorite  (*)Thermonatrite  (*)Thorosteenstrupine  (*)Tiettaite  (*)
Tisinalite  (*)Titanite  (*)Tridymite  (*)Troilite  (*)Umbite  (*)
Villiaumite  (*)Vinogradovite  (*)Vitusite-(Ce)  (*)Vuonnemite  (*)Wilhelmramsayite  (*)
Zakharovite  (*)Zirsinalite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O6413.6319.601022
Aegirine-augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6413.6319.60286
Aenigmatite  (*)SapphirineNa4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]413.6319.60133
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)413.6319.608803
Alexkhomyakovite  (*)Not in a structural groupK6(Ca2Na)(CO3)5Cl·6H2O413.6319.601
Amicite  (*)GismondineK2Na2(Al4Si4O16)·5H2O413.6319.604
Andrianovite  (*)EudialyteNa12(K,Sr,Ce)3Ca6Mn3Zr3Nb(Si25O73)(O,H2O,OH)5413.6319.601
Annite  (*)Mica ClayKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2413.6319.60356
Arctite  (*)Not in a structural group(Na5Ca)Ca6Ba(PO4)6F3413.6319.604
Arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleNaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2413.6319.60295
Astrophyllite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaFe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F413.6319.60161
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6413.6319.602060
Barytolamprophyllite  (*)None(BaK)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2413.6319.6021
Belovite-(Ce)  (*)ApatiteNaCeSr3(PO4)3F413.6319.6015
Bonshtedtite  (*)BradleyiteNa3Fe2+(PO4)(CO3)413.6319.6010
Cancrinite  (*)Cancrinite(Na,Ca,   )8(Al6Si6)O24(CO3,SO4)2·2H2O413.6319.60232
Carbobystrite  (*)Cancrinite Cancrinite-sodaliteNa8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3)·4H2O413.6319.601
Catapleiite  (*)CatapleiiteNa2Zr(Si3O9)·2H2O413.6319.60113
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S413.6319.605707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2413.6319.6027198
Chkalovite  (*)CristobaliteNa2BeSi2O6413.6319.6016
Chlorbartonite  (*)DjerfisheriteK6Fe24S26Cl413.6319.607
Clinophosinaite  (*)NoneNa3Ca(SiO3)(PO4)413.6319.603
Crawfordite  (*)BradleyiteNa3Sr(PO4)(CO3)413.6319.601
Deloneite  (*)Apatite(Na0.5REE0.25Ca0.25)(Ca0.75REE0.25)Sr1.5(CaNa0.25REE0.25)(PO4)3F0.5(OH)0.5413.6319.601
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6413.6319.604135
Djerfisherite  (*)DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl413.6319.6060
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2413.6319.609895
Dorfmanite  (*)NoneNa2(PO3OH)·2H2O413.6319.6011
Elpasolite  (*)PerovskiteK2NaAlF6413.6319.6016
Ershovite  (*)ErshoviteK3Na4(Fe,Mn,Ti)2Si8O20(OH,O)4·4H2O413.6319.602
Eudialyte  (*)EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2413.6319.60182
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F413.6319.602740
Fluorcaphite  (*)ApatiteSrCaCa3(PO4)3F413.6319.606
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2413.6319.609617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)413.6319.601188
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS413.6319.6024243
Gwihabaite  (*)None(NH4)(NO3)413.6319.6010
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3413.6319.605433
Ivanyukite-Cu  (*)PharmacosideriteCu[Ti4O2(OH)2(SiO4)3]·7H2O413.6319.601
Ivanyukite-K  (*)PharmacosideriteK2[Ti4O2(OH)2(SiO4)3]·9H2O413.6319.601
Ivanyukite-Na  (*)PharmacosideriteNa2[Ti4O2(OH)2(SiO4)3]·6H2O413.6319.601
Kalsilite  (*)NoneKAlSiO4413.6319.6049
Kazakovite  (*)NoneNa6Mn2+TiSi6O18413.6319.605
Koashvite  (*)NoneNa6CaTiSi6O18413.6319.603
Kostylevite  (*)NoneK2ZrSi3O9·H2O413.6319.604
Labuntsovite-Mn  (*)LabuntsoviteNa4K4Mn2+2Ti8O4(Si4O12)4(OH)4·10-12H2O413.6319.6018
Labyrinthite  (*)Eudialyte(Na,K,Sr)35Ca12Fe3Zr6TiSi51O144(O,OH,H2O)9Cl3413.6319.603
Lamprophyllite  (*)None(SrNa)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2413.6319.6063
Lemmleinite-K  (*)LabuntsoviteNa4K8Ti8(Si4O12)4(OH,O)8·8H2O413.6319.608
Lisitsynite  (*)NoneKBSi2O6413.6319.601
Lobanovite  (*)AstrophylliteK2Na(Fe2+4Mg2Na)Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4413.6319.607
Lomonosovite  (*)NoneNa6Na2Ti2Na2Ti2(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O4413.6319.6018
Lovozerite  (*)LovozeriteNa3CaZrSi6O15(OH)3413.6319.6019
Lucasite-(Ce)  (*)NoneCeTi2O5(OH)413.6319.604
Magnesiochromite  (*)SpinelMgCr2O4413.6319.60311
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4413.6319.6014899
Manganoneptunite  (*)NeptuniteKNa2LiMn2+2Ti2Si8O24413.6319.6026
Megakalsilite  (*)NoneKAlSiO4413.6319.601
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)413.6319.604924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2413.6319.605800
Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5   0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2413.6319.6045
Murmanite  (*)NoneNa2Ti2Na2Ti2(Si2O7)2O4(H2O)4413.6319.6024
Murunskite  (*)BukoviteK2(Cu,Fe)4S4413.6319.604
Nacaphite  (*)NoneNa2Ca(PO4)F413.6319.607
Natisite  (*)NoneNa2TiO(SiO4)413.6319.607
Natrite  (*)NoneNa2(CO3)413.6319.6019
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O413.6319.601236
Natrophosphate  (*)NoneNa7(PO4)2F·19H2O413.6319.608
Nefedovite  (*)NoneNa5Ca4(PO4)4F413.6319.604
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)413.6319.60884
Pectolite  (*)PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)413.6319.60363
Petersenite-(Ce)  (*)BurbankiteNa4Ce2(CO3)5413.6319.604
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2413.6319.602273
Phosinaite-(Ce)  (*)NoneNa13Ca2Ce(SiO3)4(PO4)4413.6319.605
Polezhaevaite-(Ce)  (*)GagariniteNaSrCeF6413.6319.602
Potassic-arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleKNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2413.6319.6014
Potassic-richterite  (*)AmphiboleK(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22(OH)2413.6319.6021
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2413.6319.6039462
Rasvumite  (*)CubaniteKFe2S3413.6319.6019
Rémondite-(La)  (*)BurbankiteNa3(La,Ca,Na)3(CO3)5413.6319.603
Rhabdophane-(Ce)  (*)RhabdophaneCe(PO4)·H2O413.6319.6066
Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2413.6319.6053
Sazykinaite-(Y)  (*)NoneNa5YZrSi6O18·6H2O413.6319.604
Shafranovskite  (*)NoneNa3K2(Mn,Fe,Na)4[Si9(O,OH)27](OH)2·nH2O413.6319.605
Shcherbakovite  (*)BatisiteK2NaTi2O(OH)Si4O12413.6319.6016
Sidorenkite  (*)BradleyiteNa3Mn(PO4)(CO3)413.6319.607
Sitinakite  (*)NoneKNa2Ti4Si2O13(OH)·4H2O413.6319.605
Sodalite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl413.6319.60444
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS413.6319.6021482
Steenstrupine-(Ce)  (*)NoneNa14Ce6Mn2+2Fe3+2Zr(PO4)7Si12O36(OH)2·3H2O413.6319.6028
Strontiofluorite  (*)FluoriteSrF2413.6319.602
Thermonatrite  (*)NoneNa2(CO3)·H2O413.6319.6064
Thorosteenstrupine  (*)None(Ca,Th,Mn)3Si4O11F·6H2O413.6319.604
Tiettaite  (*)NoneK4Na12Fe3+2Si16O41(OH)4·2H2O413.6319.602
Tisinalite  (*)NoneNa3Mn2+TiSi6O15(OH)3413.6319.604
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O413.6319.604899
Tridymite  (*)TridymiteSiO2413.6319.60458
Troilite  (*)NoneFeS413.6319.601044
Umbite  (*)UmbiteK2ZrSi3O9·H2O413.6319.608
Villiaumite  (*)RocksaltNaF413.6319.6031
Vinogradovite  (*)NoneNa4Ti4(Si2O6)2[(Si,Al)4O10]O4·(H2O,Na,K)3413.6319.6028
Vitusite-(Ce)  (*)NoneNa3Ce(PO4)2413.6319.609
Vuonnemite  (*)NoneNa6Na2Nb2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O2(OF)413.6319.6010
Wilhelmramsayite  (*)NoneCu3FeS3·2H2O413.6319.601
Zakharovite  (*)NoneNa4Mn2+5Si10O24(OH)6·6H2O413.6319.609
Zirsinalite  (*)NoneNa6CaZrSi6O18413.6319.607


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0000483MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.
Jen_0000484MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.
Jen_0000485MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.
Jen_0000486MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.


11 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_0000483378352365±13Rb-Sr apatite, nepheline  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Jen_0000484366.9357.9362.4±4.5Rb-Sr apatite, nepheline  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Jen_0000485381.2373.4377.3±3.9Sm-Nd apatite, nepheline  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Jen_0000486413.6319.6366.6±47Sm-Nd apatite, nepheline, calcite  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Kaitlynn000150390376383±7U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1338 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000151391377384±7U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1338 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000152372366369±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000153372366369±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000154373367370±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-2 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000155374368371±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-2 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
P22_462_fig1_007383362      Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinyArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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