Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Higgins Mine (Higgins Tunnel), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 200.7
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 3303
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-3303.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Higgins Mine (Higgins Tunnel), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA": 2
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 2

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Tunnel Level
Twilight Mine (Twilight Claim)

Latitude: 31°26'17"N
Longitude: 109°55'22"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 31.438055555556,-109.92277777778

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Adelite	Baryte	Braunite	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Copiapite	Coquimbite	Corundum	Covellite	Descloizite
Fluorite	Halotrichite	Malachite	Melanterite	Murdochite	None	Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile
Römerite	Sphalerite

Alabandite ()*	Anglesite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bílinite ()*	Bornite ()*
Braunite ()*	Calcite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Conichalcite ()*
Copiapite ()*	Coquimbite ()*	Covellite ()*	Fluorite ()*	Galena ()*
Halotrichite ()*	Hematite ()*	Malachite ()*	Melanterite ()*	Mottramite ()*
Murdochite ()*	Paracoquimbite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Quartz ()*
Rhodochrosite ()*	Römerite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Zincocopiapite ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Ba C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H Mn O Pb S Si V Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al C Cl Cu Fe H Mn O Pb S V

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Adelite Baryte Braunite Calcite Chalcopyrite Copiapite Coquimbite Corundum Covellite Descloizite
Fluorite Halotrichite Malachite Melanterite Murdochite None Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile
Römerite Sphalerite

29 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Alabandite ()*	Rocksalt	MnS	0.01	0	0		312
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	0.01	0	0		2734
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	200.7	0	1	137203	11547
Bílinite ()*	Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂(SO₄)₄·22H₂O	0.01	0	0		16
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	0.01	0	0		5516
Braunite ()*	Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆O₈(SiO₄)	200.7	0	1	137203	483
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	200.7	0	1	137203	27770
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	180	180	1	137203	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	0.01	0	0		27198
Conichalcite ()*	Adelite	CaCu(AsO₄)(OH)	180	180	1	137203	363
Copiapite ()*	Copiapite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	200.7	0	1	137202	382
Coquimbite ()*	Coquimbite	AlFe₃(SO₄)₆(H₂O)₁₂·6H₂O	0.01	0	0		136
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	180	180	1	137203	4165
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	200.7	0	1	137203	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	0.01	0	0		24243
Halotrichite ()*	Halotrichite	Fe²⁺Al₂(SO₄)₄·22H₂O	0.01	0	0		409
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	200.7	0	1	137203	14640
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	180	180	1	137203	12537
Melanterite ()*	Melanterite	Fe(SO₄)·7H₂O	200.7	0	1	137202	915
Mottramite ()*	Descloizite	PbCu(VO₄)(OH)	0.01	0	0		362
Murdochite ()*	Murdochite	Cu₁₂Pb₂O₁₅Cl₂	0.01	0	0		34
Paracoquimbite ()*	Coquimbite	Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(H₂O)₁₂·6H₂O	0.01	0	0		30
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	180	180	1	137202	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	0.01	0	0		3106
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	200.7	0	1	137203	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)	0.01	0	0		1711
Römerite ()*	Römerite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂(SO₄)₄·14H₂O	200.7	0	1	137202	115
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	180	180	1	137202	21482
Zincocopiapite ()*	Copiapite	ZnFe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O	200.7	0	1	137202	11

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Michelle_554	Near-surface occurrence. Recently forming oxalate associated with cave deposits, in Cochise County, Arizona.

8 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Age from other Locality	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
Michelle_554	0	0	Recent		Age of whewellite mineralization	high	Yes	Whewellite		15570	Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Cochise County	Hofmann and Bernasconi (1998)	10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00043-6	CG149_127	Described as "recent cave deposits."
Hg-00031	163	163	163	?-?			Yes	Cinnabar, Eugenite, Velikite	Hg	3296	Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA		Lowell (1974)	10.2113/gsecongeo.69.5.601	EG69_601
Mo-00052	163	163	163	?-?			Yes	Ferrimolybdite, Powellite, Wulfenite	Mo	3296	Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA		Lowell (1974)	10.2113/gsecongeo.69.5.601	EG69_601
PorphCu-00009	180	180	180				Yes	Alunite, Bornite, Brochantite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Copper, Diaspore, Enargite, Epidote, Galena, Magnetite, Pyrite, Pyrophyllite, Sphalerite, Stromeyerite	Cu	188011	Cochise Project (East Lavender Ore Body), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155
ree-00067	0.01	0	Holocene							3303	Higgins Mine (Higgins Tunnel), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Higgins	Orris and Grauch (2002)		USGSOFR02_189
UBCMDRUSP2_1_Bisbee01	200.7	199.1	199.9±0.8		initial intrusion related to mineralization		Yes			3304	Lavender Open Pit Mine (Lavender Pit), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee area	Lang (2001)		UBCMDRUSP2_1
UBCMDRUSP2_1_Bisbee02	200.5	197.3	198.9±1.6		not thought to be the source of mineralization		Yes			3304	Lavender Open Pit Mine (Lavender Pit), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee area	Lang (2001)		UBCMDRUSP2_1
sedznpb-00447	180	180	180				Yes			3318	Copper Queen Mine (Halero Mine), Queen Hill, Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	Bisbee	Singer et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009-1252

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R050506	Higgins Mine (Higgins Tunnel), Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA	https://rruff.info/R050506

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...