Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Buckwheat Pit (Southwest Opening; Buckwheat Mine), Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1349
Youngest recorded age at locality: 940

mindat Locality ID: 6833
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-6833.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Buckwheat Pit (Southwest Opening; Buckwheat Mine), Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA": 1
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Black Hole

Latitude: 41°6'51"N
Longitude: 74°35'15"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 41.114166666667,-74.5875
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Be C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Th Ti U Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al As Be C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Th Ti U Zn Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AllactiteAllaniteAmphiboleAnalcimeApatiteAragoniteArsenopyriteBaryteBranneriteBrookite
BruciteCalciteCancrinite-sodaliteChalcopyriteChloriteChloritoidChlorophoeniciteClayCorundumDiaspore
EpidoteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetHumiteKatoptriteLöllingiteMarcasiteMeliliteMica
MolybdeniteMonaziteNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePhenakitePyritePyrosmalitePyroxeneQuartz
RhodoniteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSerpentineSodaliteSphaleriteSpinelStilpnomelaneTalc
TitaniteWurtziteZircon

72 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Aegirine  (*)Aegirine-augite  (*)Albite  (*)Allanite-(Ce)  (*)
Analcime  (*)Anatase  (*)Andradite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Aragonite  (*)
Arsenopyrite  (*)Augite  (*)Brookite  (*)Calcite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chamosite  (*)Chloritoid  (*)Chlorophoenicite  (*)Chondrodite  (*)Clinochlore  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Flinkite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Fowlerite  (*)
Franklinite  (*)Franklinphilite  (*)Friedelite  (*)Gahnite  (*)Galena  (*)
Genthelvite  (*)Goethite  (*)Graphite  (*)Hardystonite  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)
Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Hendricksite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Jarosewichite  (*)
Johnbaumite  (*)Leucophoenicite  (*)Lizardite  (*)Löllingite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Marcasite  (*)Microcline  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Muscovite  (*)
Petedunnite  (*)Powellite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrochroite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Rhodochrosite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)Rutile  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)
Spinel  (*)Synchysite-(Ce)  (*)Talc  (*)Tephroite  (*)Thorite  (*)
Thorutite  (*)Titanite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Willemite  (*)Yeatmanite  (*)
Zincite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2134994003419
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O6134994001022
Aegirine-augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O613499400286
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)134994008803
Allanite-(Ce)  (*)Allanite EpidoteCaCe(Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)13499400706
Analcime  (*)AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6)·H2O134994001627
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO2134994002162
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3134994001534
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)134994002734
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)134994003250
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS134994009052
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6134994002060
Brookite  (*)BrookiteTiO213499400700
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)1349940027770
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS21349940027198
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)813499400577
Chloritoid  (*)ChloritoidFe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)213499400376
Chlorophoenicite  (*)Chlorophoenicite(Mn,Mg,Zn)3Zn2(AsO4)(OH,O)6134994004
Chondrodite  (*)HumiteMg5(SiO4)2F213499400285
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8134994001756
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2134994009895
Flinkite  (*)AllactiteMn2+2Mn3+(AsO4)(OH)4134994006
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F134994002740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2134994009617
Fowlerite  (*)None(Mn,Zn)SiO3134994004
Franklinite  (*)SpinelZnFe3+2O41349940052
Franklinphilite  (*)Stilpnomelane(K,Na)4(Mn2+,Mg,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216·6H2O134994003
Friedelite  (*)Pyrosmalite ClayMn2+8Si6O15(OH)101349940040
Gahnite  (*)SpinelZnAl2O413499400445
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS1349940024243
Genthelvite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteBe3Zn4(SiO4)3S940940060
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)134994007437
Graphite  (*)NoneC134994002812
Hardystonite  (*)MeliliteCa2ZnSi2O71349940014
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O613499400741
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O31349940014640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O134994001689
Hendricksite  (*)MicaKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2134994009
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3134994005433
Jarosewichite  (*)NoneMn3+Mn2+3(AsO4)(OH)6134994002
Johnbaumite  (*)ApatiteCa5(AsO4)3(OH)134994008
Leucophoenicite  (*)HumiteMn2+7(SiO4)3(OH)21349940010
Lizardite  (*)Serpentine ClayMg3Si2O5(OH)413499400359
Löllingite  (*)LöllingiteFeAs213499400762
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O41349940124378414899
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS2134994005674
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)134994004924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2134994005800
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)13499400945
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)21349940017380
Petedunnite  (*)PyroxeneCaZnSi2O6134994005
Powellite  (*)ScheeliteCa(MoO4)13499400494
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS21349940039462
Pyrochroite  (*)BruciteMn2+(OH)21349940056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21349940061156
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)134994001711
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)13499400969
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2134994005614
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)134994002473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS1349940021482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O4134994001934
Synchysite-(Ce)  (*)NoneCaCe(CO3)2F13499400232
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2134994003337
Tephroite  (*)OlivineMn2+2(SiO4)13499400240
Thorite  (*)ZirconTh(SiO4)134994001006
Thorutite  (*)Brannerite(Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)61349940010
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O134994004899
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO2134994002718
Willemite  (*)PhenakiteZn2SiO413499400303
Yeatmanite  (*)KatoptriteZn6Mn2+9Sb5+2O12(SiO4)4134994003
Zincite  (*)WurtziteZnO1349940098
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1031101705251


11 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Be-00028940940940  high   YesSamfowlerite, WawayandaiteBe8541Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA Volkert et al. (2005)10.1016/j.precamres.2005.06.003PR139_1 
Kristen001384128912751282±7 emplacement of tonalite protolithzircon  YesZircon  8541Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
Kristen001385125912451252±7 arc magmatismzircon  YesZircon  8541Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
Kristen001398130212861294±8 extrusion of rhyolite protolithzircon  YesZircon  8541Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
Kristen001399134913311340±9 detrital xenocrystszircon  YesZircon  8541Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
sedznpb-00461118011001180–1100     Yes  8541Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USAFranklinSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
Kristen001386125912491254±5207Pb/206Pbigneous crystallization of dacite protolithzircon  YesZircon  8827Noble Pit (Lot #10 - Ogden Divisions; Noble Mine), Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
Kristen001387103110171024±7 metamorphismhighzircon  YesZircon  8827Noble Pit (Lot #10 - Ogden Divisions; Noble Mine), Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
Kristen001388105110391045±6 formation of monazite coreshighmonazite  Yes  8827Noble Pit (Lot #10 - Ogden Divisions; Noble Mine), Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
Kristen001389103710271032±5 formation of monazite mantlesmonazite  Yes  8827Noble Pit (Lot #10 - Ogden Divisions; Noble Mine), Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 
Kristen001390978962970±8 formation of monazite rimsmonazite  Yes  8827Noble Pit (Lot #10 - Ogden Divisions; Noble Mine), Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USANew Jersey HighlandsVokert et al. (2010)10.1130/2010.1206(14)GSAM206_307 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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