Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chile

Oldest recorded age at locality: 359
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 689
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-689.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chile": 27
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 20

Number of Child Localities: 11
Child Localities:
Alto Hospicio
Carmen District
Chanabaya
Fakir Mine
Huantajaya District
Iquique
Mina Sur Deposit
Punta De Lobos
Salar Grande
Santa Rosa-Huantajaya District
Tarapacá Viejo

Latitude: 20°37'51"S
Longitude: 69°59'2"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -20.630833333333,-69.983888888889

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Br C Ca Cl Co Cu F Fe H Hg I K Mg Mn Mo N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti U V Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: B Ca H Na O 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAlluauditeAluniteApatiteAphthitaliteAragoniteArcaniteArsenicArsenolite
ArsenopyriteAtacamiteBaryteBlöditeBurbankiteCalciteCeriteChalcoalumiteChalcopyriteChlorite
ClayClinozoisiteCopperCoronaditeCorundumCovelliteCuatrocapaiteDiasporeEnargiteEpidote
FairfielditeFeldsparFluckiteGajardoiteGarnetGypsumHureauliteKoritnigiteLindackeriteLucabindiite
MalachiteMarcasiteMicaMolybdeniteNatroliteNoneNot in a structural groupOxalatePharmacosideritePrehnite
PyritePyroxeneQuartzRhabdophaneRocksaltRoseliteRutileScheeliteSphaleriteSpinel
StibniteSulphurTamarugiteTetrahedriteThomsoniteTyroliteVivianiteWollastoniteWurtzite

139 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Akaganeite  (*)Alamosite  (*)Albite  (*)Ammineite  (*)
Andradite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Anorthite  (*)Antipinite  (*)Aragonite  (*)
Arcanite  (*)Arsenic  (*)Arsenolite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Atacamite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bassanite  (*)Bideauxite  (*)Blödite  (*)
Boleite  (*)Calcite  (*)Camanchacaite  (*)Canutite  (*)Carnotite  (*)
Chalcoalumite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalconatronite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chanabayaite  (*)Chinchorroite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)Chongite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)
Chudobaite  (*)Cinnabar  (*)Claudetite  (*)Clinoatacamite  (*)Clinochlore  (*)
Copper  (*)Covellite  (*)Cuatrocapaite-(K)  (*)Cuatrocapaite-(NH4)  (*)Currierite  (*)
Darapskite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dittmarite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Enargite  (*)
Epidote  (*)Espadaite  (*)Eugsterite  (*)Ferrinatrite  (*)Gajardoite  (*)
Galena  (*)Glauberite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Gypsum  (*)
Halite  (*)Hannayite  (*)Haydeeite  (*)Hedegaardite  (*)Hematite  (*)
Hörnesite  (*)Huntite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Joanneumite  (*)
Juangodoyite  (*)Juansilvaite  (*)Kalsilite  (*)Lavendulan  (*)Leverettite  (*)
Lucabindiite  (*)Magnesiocanutite  (*)Magnesiofluckite  (*)Magnesiokoritnigite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Mahnertite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)Mansfieldite  (*)Marcasite  (*)
Marshite  (*)Metasideronatrite  (*)Mimetite  (*)Mirabilite  (*)Möhnite  (*)
Molybdenite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nahcolite  (*)Natroalunite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)
Natrolite  (*)Natropharmacoalumite  (*)Natropharmacosiderite  (*)Natroxalate  (*)Newberyite  (*)
Nitratine  (*)Pararsenolamprite  (*)Paratacamite  (*)Picaite  (*)Prehnite  (*)
Pyrite  (*)Quartz  (*)Realgar  (*)Ríosecoite  (*)Rutile  (*)
Salammoniac  (*)Sanrománite  (*)Santarosaite  (*)Scorodite  (*)Shilovite  (*)
Sideronatrite  (*)Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stercorite  (*)Stibnite  (*)
Stromeyerite  (*)Sulphur  (*)Talmessite  (*)Tamarugite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)
Thénardite  (*)Thomsonite-Ca  (*)Todorokite  (*)Torrecillasite  (*)Triazolite  (*)
Trona  (*)Tyrolite  (*)Ulexite  (*)Weddellite  (*)Wendwilsonite  (*)
Whewellite  (*)Witzkeite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S236824,368252793
Akaganeite  (*)Coronadite(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25·nH2O17414513682363
Alamosite  (*)Not in a structural groupPbSiO313683017
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)35901368098803
Ammineite  (*)Not in a structural groupCuCl2·2NH3001368093
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)31741451368231534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)174100336819,36823,368291588
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)35901368091036
Antipinite  (*)Not in a structural group OxalateKNa3Cu2(C2O4)4001368091
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)1741001368293250
Arcanite  (*)ArcaniteK2(SO4)13681430
Arsenic  (*)ArsenicAs174145136823379
Arsenolite  (*)ArsenoliteAs2O3174145136823231
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS174100236823,368249052
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)3359100736806,36809,36815,36820,36822,36827,36829544
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)21741001368295509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)17414513682311547
Bassanite  (*)RhabdophaneCa(SO4)·0.5H2O13682282
Bideauxite  (*)NoneAgPb2F2Cl31368152
Blödite  (*)BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2·4H2O174145136823130
Boleite  (*)NoneKAg9Pb26Cu24Cl62(OH)48236815,3682765
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)174100436806,36823,36825,3682927770
Camanchacaite  (*)AlluauditeNa   CaMg2(AsO4)2[AsO2(OH)2]1741451368231
Canutite  (*)AlluauditeNa   MnMn2(AsO4)[AsO3(OH)]21741451368231
Carnotite  (*)NoneK2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O1741451368191184
Chalcoalumite  (*)ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12·3H2O359013680991
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S174100236820,368245707
Chalconatronite  (*)NoneNa2Cu(CO3)2·3H2O17410013682923
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O174145136823197
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2359100436806,36809,36823,3682427198
Chanabayaite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2Cl(N3C2H2)2(NH3,Cl,H2O,   )4001368091
Chinchorroite  (*)Not in a structural groupNa2Mg5(As2O7)2(AsO3OH)2(H2O)101741451368231
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl236824,368251382
Chongite  (*)HureauliteCa3Mg2(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2·4H2O1741451368233
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O174100536806,36811,36820,36828,368293531
Chudobaite  (*)LindackeriteMg5(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2·10H2O1741451368232
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS1741451368232600
Claudetite  (*)NoneAs2O317414513682335
Clinoatacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)317414513682343
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)835901368091756
Copper  (*)CopperCu236808,368303846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS1741001368244165
Cuatrocapaite-(K)  (*)CuatrocapaiteK3(NaMg   )(As2O3)6Cl6·16H2O1741451368231
Cuatrocapaite-(NH4)  (*)Cuatrocapaite(NH4)3(NaMg   )(As2O3)6Cl6·16H2O1741451368231
Currierite  (*)NoneNa4Ca3MgAl4(AsO3OH)12·9H2O1741451368231
Darapskite  (*)NoneNa3(SO4)(NO3)·H2O359013680931
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61368304135
Dittmarite  (*)None(NH4)Mg(PO4)·H2O3590236809,368147
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)21741001368299895
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS4174100136824910
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)359145236809,368238173
Espadaite  (*)Not in a structural groupNa4Ca3Mg2[AsO3(OH)]2[AsO2(OH)2]10(H2O)6·H2O1741451368231
Eugsterite  (*)NoneNa4Ca(SO4)3·2H2O359013680932
Ferrinatrite  (*)NoneNa3Fe3+(SO4)3·3H2O17414513682325
Gajardoite  (*)GajardoiteKCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2·5H2O1741451368231
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS336808,36825,3683024243
Glauberite  (*)NoneNa2Ca(SO4)2174145136823137
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)1741451368237437
Gold  (*)CopperAu236806,3682030554
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O359100536805,36809,36822,36823,368296890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl359145836805,36809,36814,36819,36821,36822,36823,368281398
Hannayite  (*)None(NH4)2Mg3(PO3OH)4·8H2O1368177
Haydeeite  (*)AtacamiteCu3Mg(OH)6Cl21368223
Hedegaardite  (*)Cerite(Ca,Na)9(Ca,Na)Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)1368182
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3174145336806,36819,3682314640
Hörnesite  (*)VivianiteMg3(AsO4)2·8H2O174145136823103
Huntite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaMg3(CO3)4359013680969
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O335901368095433
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)61741451368232228
Joanneumite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2001368091
Juangodoyite  (*)Not in a structural groupNa2Cu(CO3)21741001368292
Juansilvaite  (*)Not in a structural groupNa5Al3[AsO3(OH)]4[AsO2(OH)2]2(SO4)2·4H2O1741451368231
Kalsilite  (*)NoneKAlSiO413683049
Lavendulan  (*)NoneNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl·5H2O174145136823149
Leverettite  (*)AtacamiteCu3CoCl2(OH)61741451368231
Lucabindiite  (*)Lucabindiite(K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br)1741451368234
Magnesiocanutite  (*)AlluauditeNa   MnMg2[AsO4]2[AsO2(OH)2]1741451368231
Magnesiofluckite  (*)FluckiteCaMg(AsO3OH)2(H2O)21741451368231
Magnesiokoritnigite  (*)KoritnigiteMg(AsO3OH)·H2O1741451368232
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4359145336806,36809,3682314899
Mahnertite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K)Cu3(AsO4)2Cl·5H2O1741451368235
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2174100236806,3682912537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)174145136823770
Mansfieldite  (*)NoneAl(AsO4)·2H2O17414513682342
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS21741451368235674
Marshite  (*)SphaleriteCuI13682712
Metasideronatrite  (*)NoneNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH)·H2O17414513682328
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl1741001368291107
Mirabilite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)·10H2O3590136809223
Möhnite  (*)Aphthitalite(NH4)K2Na(SO4)2001368091
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS21741451368235800
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)213680617380
Nahcolite  (*)NoneNaH(CO3)17410013682978
Natroalunite  (*)AluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6174145136823128
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6174145136823254
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O35901368091236
Natropharmacoalumite  (*)PharmacosideriteNaAl4(AsO4)3(OH)4·4H2O1741451368233
Natropharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteNaFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·4H2O17414513682313
Natroxalate  (*)OxalateNa2(C2O4)35901368094
Newberyite  (*)NoneMg(PO3OH)·3H2O359013680924
Nitratine  (*)CalciteNa(NO3)359013680991
Pararsenolamprite  (*)NoneAs1741451368232
Paratacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)Cl2(OH)6174145136823158
Picaite  (*)Not in a structural groupNaCa[AsO3OH][AsO2(OH)2]1741451368231
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)235901368091898
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2359100436806,36809,36823,3682439462
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2359145536806,36809,36820,36823,3683061156
Realgar  (*)NoneAsS174145136823712
Ríosecoite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa2Mg(AsO3OH)3(H2O)21741451368231
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO21741451368195614
Salammoniac  (*)None(NH4)Cl3590236809,36814105
Sanrománite  (*)BurbankiteNa2CaPb3(CO3)51741001368292
Santarosaite  (*)NoneCuB2O41741001368291
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O1741451368231153
Shilovite  (*)NoneCu(NH3)4(NO3)2001368091
Sideronatrite  (*)NoneNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH)·3H2O174145236823,3682873
Silver  (*)CopperAg145100236811,368245186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS174100236823,3682421482
Stercorite  (*)None(NH4)Na(PO3OH)·4H2O1368146
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S31741451368233418
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS136826332
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS1741451368232045
Talmessite  (*)FairfielditeCa2Mg(AsO4)2·2H2O17414513682346
Tamarugite  (*)TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2·6H2O17414513682387
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S13174100236823,368245317
Thénardite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)3590136809299
Thomsonite-Ca  (*)ThomsoniteNaCa2(Al5Si5)O20·6H2O3590136809452
Todorokite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12·3-4H2O174145136823433
Torrecillasite  (*)Not in a structural groupNa(As,Sb)3+4O6Cl1741451368231
Triazolite  (*)NoneNaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3·4H2O35901368091
Trona  (*)NoneNa3(HCO3)(CO3)·2H2O174100136829129
Tyrolite  (*)TyroliteCa2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8·11H2O136828245
Ulexite  (*)NoneNaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O35900160
Weddellite  (*)OxalateCa(C2O4)·2H2O17414513681932
Wendwilsonite  (*)RoseliteCa2Mg(AsO4)2·2H2O1741451368238
Whewellite  (*)OxalateCa(C2O4)·H2O17414513681966
Witzkeite  (*)Not in a structural groupNa4K4Ca(NO3)2(SO4)4·2H2O1368171
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO31368301247
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO41741001368291655



Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Michelle_500Silver bearing veins intrude fossiliferous limestone in the Coastal Cordillera of Iquique. Dioritic and andesitic dykes and sills form skarn, but the ore is primarily from the oxidized zone. Supergene and hypogene ore mineral assemblages have also been exploited.
Michelle_539Silver bearing veins intrude fossiliferous limestone in the Coastal Cordillera of Iquique. Dioritic and andesitic dykes and sills form skarn, but the ore is primarily from the oxidized zone. Supergene and hypogene ore mineral assemblages have also been exploited.
Michelle_726The mountain of Pabellón de Pica belongs to a belt of Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic igneous rocks stretching along the northern coast of Chile and bearing numerous bird guano deposits.


5 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Michelle_0019000 Age of mineralization    Ammineite, Joanneumite, Chanabayaite, Antipinite, Shilovite, Mohnite 192704Pabellón De Pica, Chanabaya, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, ChilePabellon de Pica guano depositBojar et al. (2010)10.3749/canmin.48.5.1359CM48_1359Degradation of chalcopyrite from host rock provides copper elements to form minerals with nitrogen and carbon rich guano
Michelle_72635966Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic Age of igneous rocks      192704Pabellón De Pica, Chanabaya, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, ChilePabellón de PicaChukanov et al. (2015)10.1180/minmag.2015.079.5.07MM79_1111The mountain of Pabellón de Pica belongs to a belt of Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic igneous rocks stretching along the northern coast of Chile and bearing numerous bird guano deposits.
MM77_3047-00001174145middle to late Jurassic      Leverettite 190910Torrecillas Mine, Salar Grande, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chile Kampf et al. (2013)10.1180/minmag.2013.077.7.14MM77_3047 
Michelle_500174145Middle Jurassic, Late Jurassic Age of host formation      69589Santa Rosa Mine, Santa Rosa-Huantajaya District, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, ChileSanta Rosa MineMoreno and Gibbons (2007) BOOK_TGC_2007Age of fossiliferous limestone formation that hosts the Santa Rosa deposit.
Michelle_539145100Lower Cretaceous Age of volcanic and intrusive rocks     Ag69589Santa Rosa Mine, Santa Rosa-Huantajaya District, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, ChileSanta Rosa MineMoreno and Gibbons (2007) BOOK_TGC_2007Age of volcanic and intrusive rocks


SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R120155Pabellón De Pica, Chanabaya, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R120155
R120085Haydee Mine, Salar Grande, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R120085
R160009Torrecillas Mine, Salar Grande, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R160009
R060884Santa Rosa Mine, Santa Rosa-Huantajaya District, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R060884


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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