Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Arsenic	Arsenopyrite	Beryl	Bismutite	Calcite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Cobaltite
Columbite	Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Diaspore	Epidote	Feldspar	Fluorite	Kaolinite	Kobellite
Löllingite	Malachite	Matlockite	Mica	Molybdenite	Monazite	None	Perovskite	Pyrite	Quartz
Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Skutterudite	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stannite	Stibnite	Topaz
Tourmaline

Albite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Beryl ()*	Bismoclite ()*	Bismuth ()*
Bismuthinite ()*	Bismutite ()*	Bornite ()*	Bromellite ()*	Calcite ()*
Cassiterite ()*	Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Cobaltite ()*	Corundum ()*
Covellite ()*	Epidote ()*	Ferberite ()*	Fluorite ()*	Galena ()*
Galenobismutite ()*	Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Hematite ()*	Hübnerite ()*
Ilmenite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Löllingite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*
Molybdenite ()*	Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Montmorillonite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Orthoclase ()*
Pyrite ()*	Quartz ()*	Safflorite ()*	Scheelite ()*	Schorl ()*
Siderite ()*	Silver ()*	Skutterudite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Stannite ()*
Topaz ()*	Torbernite ()*	Uraninite ()*	Zavaritskite ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Be Bi C Ca Ce Cl Co Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Si Sn Ti U W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ce O P

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Arsenic Arsenopyrite Beryl Bismutite Calcite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Cobaltite
Columbite Copper Corundum Covellite Diaspore Epidote Feldspar Fluorite Kaolinite Kobellite
Löllingite Malachite Matlockite Mica Molybdenite Monazite None Perovskite Pyrite Quartz
Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Skutterudite Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Spinel Stannite Stibnite Topaz
Tourmaline

49 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	299	252	3	5963,5972,6083	8803
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	299	252	10	5818,5855,5869,5881,5887,5963,6037,6047,6077,6122	9052
Beryl ()*	Beryl	Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈	299	252	21	5775,5798,5813,5823,5845,5850,5866,5871,5878,5880,5881,5907,5910,5919,5992,6005,6047,6056,6057,6071,6074	4286
Bismoclite ()*	Matlockite	BiOCl	299	252	1	5879	71
Bismuth ()*	Arsenic	Bi	299	252	31	5778,5787,5798,5812,5820,5837,5838,5855,5865,5869,5881,5882,5907,5919,5921,5926,5997,6005,6019,6045,6046,6058,6070,6099,6103,6112,6115,6122,6134,6136,6137	1966
Bismuthinite ()*	Stibnite	Bi₂S₃	299	252	16	5762,5789,5796,5798,5801,5823,5836,5837,5839,5855,5856,5924,5957,5969,6102,6139	1935
Bismutite ()*	Bismutite	Bi₂O₂(CO₃)	299	252	1	5855	716
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	299	252	1	5769	5516
Bromellite ()*	None	BeO	299	252	1	5798	9
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	299	252	1	5890	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂	299	2.6	140	5760,5761,5763,5764,5765,5766,5768,5769,5773,5774,5777,5778,5781,5782,5785,5788,5790,5791,5792,5798,5799,5804,5809,5810,5811,5814,5815,5816,5817,5818,5826,5827,5831,5834,5835,5839,5843,5844,5845,5846,5847,5851,5852,5855,5856,5857,5859,5860,5866,5867,5868,5869,5870,5873,5884,5890,5893,5895,5896,5899,5900,5912,5913,5916,5918,5927,5928,5931,5932,5935,5938,5940,5942,5943,5945,5955,5956,5959,5961,5962,5965,5966,5968,5971,5973,5978,5983,5984,5987,5988,5993,6005,6008,6009,6020,6021,6025,6030,6032,6033,6035,6041,6042,6051,6052,6053,6056,6057,6059,6061,6067,6070,6073,6078,6081,6082,6083,6087,6089,6091,6092,6093,6094,6096,6101,6104,6106,6108,6109,6110,6111,6113,6117,6120,6121,6122,6128,6129,6133,6134	5171
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	299	252	1	6020	925
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	299	252	8	5769,5839,5855,5882,5971,6047,6089,6122	27198
Cobaltite ()*	Cobaltite	CoAsS	299	252	1	5787	966
Corundum ()*	Corundum	Al₂O₃	299	252	5	5777,5781,5799,5898,6110	1797
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	299	252	1	5769	4165
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	299	252	3	5830,5899,6124	8173
Ferberite ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺(WO₄)	299	252	3	5882,6038,6134	551
Fluorite ()*	Fluorite	CaF₂	299	252	10	5763,5769,5789,5818,5823,5855,5866,5882,6047,6057	9617
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	299	252	6	5769,5801,6021,6025,6033,6122	24243
Galenobismutite ()*	Kobellite	PbBi₂S₄	299	252	1	5855	192
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	299	252	1	5769	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	299	252	9	5798,5855,5901,6005,6024,6070,6085,6086,6110	30554
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	299	252	1	5769	14640
Hübnerite ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺(WO₄)	299	252	1	5869	469
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃	299	252	2	5856,6005	5433
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	299	252	22	5758,5766,5812,5823,5833,5842,5853,5882,5913,5916,5938,5943,5970,6002,6007,6035,6044,6067,6088,6114,6117,6133	5591
Löllingite ()*	Löllingite	FeAs₂	299	252	1	5869	762
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	299	252	9	5769,5798,5809,5859,5916,5965,6005,6020,6117	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	299	252	2	5769,6020	12537
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	299	252	3	5811,5871,5887	5800
Monazite-(Ce) ()*	Monazite	Ce(PO₄)	299	2.6	0		945
Montmorillonite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Na,Ca)_0.3(Al,Mg)₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂·nH₂O	299	252	1	6020	1508
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	299	252	66	5759,5762,5763,5766,5767,5789,5800,5801,5823,5824,5829,5830,5839,5851,5855,5861,5871,5872,5885,5890,5891,5896,5897,5907,5910,5914,5916,5919,5924,5931,5936,5944,5947,5949,5950,5961,5963,5967,5972,5983,5984,5990,5992,5997,6003,6004,6007,6012,6015,6018,6019,6020,6025,6039,6056,6057,6070,6091,6095,6122,6123,6125,6127,6128,6130,6139	17380
Orthoclase ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	299	252	9	5761,5842,5869,5870,5916,5936,5954,5974,6047	2349
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	299	252	18	5809,5818,5832,5839,5857,5869,5882,5963,5971,6005,6020,6021,6024,6033,6056,6057,6117,6122	39462
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	299	2.6	293	5757,5758,5759,5761,5762,5763,5764,5765,5766,5768,5769,5771,5772,5773,5774,5775,5776,5777,5778,5779,5782,5783,5784,5785,5786,5787,5788,5789,5791,5793,5794,5795,5796,5797,5798,5800,5801,5802,5803,5805,5806,5807,5808,5809,5810,5811,5813,5814,5816,5817,5818,5819,5822,5823,5824,5825,5826,5828,5829,5830,5832,5834,5835,5836,5837,5838,5839,5840,5841,5842,5843,5844,5846,5848,5850,5851,5852,5853,5855,5858,5859,5860,5861,5862,5863,5864,5865,5866,5867,5869,5870,5871,5872,5874,5875,5876,5877,5878,5879,5881,5882,5884,5885,5886,5887,5888,5889,5890,5891,5893,5895,5896,5897,5899,5901,5902,5903,5904,5905,5906,5907,5908,5909,5910,5911,5914,5915,5916,5919,5920,5921,5922,5923,5924,5925,5930,5931,5932,5933,5934,5936,5937,5938,5939,5941,5943,5944,5945,5946,5947,5948,5949,5951,5953,5954,5956,5957,5958,5960,5961,5962,5963,5964,5965,5969,5970,5971,5972,5973,5974,5976,5977,5978,5979,5980,5982,5983,5984,5985,5986,5987,5988,5989,5990,5991,5992,5995,5996,5997,5998,5999,6001,6002,6003,6004,6006,6007,6009,6011,6012,6013,6015,6016,6018,6019,6020,6021,6022,6023,6024,6025,6026,6027,6028,6029,6031,6032,6033,6036,6037,6038,6039,6044,6045,6046,6049,6051,6052,6054,6055,6056,6057,6059,6060,6062,6063,6064,6065,6066,6067,6069,6070,6071,6074,6076,6077,6078,6079,6080,6082,6085,6086,6088,6089,6091,6092,6094,6095,6096,6097,6098,6099,6100,6102,6103,6105,6107,6108,6109,6110,6112,6115,6116,6117,6118,6119,6122,6123,6124,6125,6127,6128,6130,6131,6132,6133,6134,6135,6136,6137,6138,6139,6140	61156
Safflorite ()*	Löllingite	CoAs₂	299	252	1	5823	317
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)	299	252	3	5769,5869,6005	4894
Schorl ()*	Tourmaline	NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)	299	252	1	5897	2705
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	299	252	1	5769	6417
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	299	252	1	6005	5186
Skutterudite ()*	Skutterudite Perovskite	CoAs₃	299	252	1	5823	531
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	299	252	7	5769,5818,5855,5882,5971,6025,6037	21482
Stannite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂FeSnS₄	299	252	2	5769,6021	668
Topaz ()*	Topaz	Al₂SiO₄F₂	299	252	61	5772,5775,5777,5779,5781,5787,5789,5794,5797,5798,5806,5807,5811,5819,5823,5825,5826,5828,5829,5836,5837,5845,5856,5881,5882,5888,5902,5904,5905,5906,5907,5910,5920,5921,5922,5927,5930,5946,5979,5980,5982,5985,5986,5995,5999,6001,6005,6011,6013,6046,6055,6063,6080,6098,6102,6107,6108,6112,6115,6137,6138	1476
Torbernite ()*	None	Cu(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·12H₂O	299	252	5	5881,5882,5887,6056,6057	1059
Uraninite ()*	Fluorite	UO₂	299	252	1	5798	2718
Zavaritskite ()*	Matlockite	BiOF	299	252	1	5879	26

2 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	ree-00034	66	2.6	Tertiary											223484	Birthday Gift Mine, Torrington, Clive Co., New South Wales, Australia	Birthday Gift (Murray Basin)	Orris and Grauch (2002)		USGSOFR02_189
	Emily000538	299	252	Late Permian											105576	Cobalt-New Hope-Clarkes (New Hope Mine; Bung Lode; Cobalt Lode; Clarkes Lode; Sherrats Mine; New Hope Wolfram; James Public School Deposit), Torrington, Clive Co., New South Wales, Australia	Torrington-Emmaville Area	Rose G (1971)		GSNSW43_1	age of th acid biotite granite

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...