Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Usakos, Karibib, Erongo Region, Namibia

Oldest recorded age at locality: 541
Youngest recorded age at locality: 444

mindat Locality ID: 6461
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-6461.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Usakos, Karibib, Erongo Region, Namibia": 9
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 8

Number of Child Localities: 8
Child Localities:
Ameib Farm 60
Ebony Farm (Namibfontein 91)
Eureka Farm 99
Mansfeld Farm 66
Namgar Mine
Naob Farm 69
Usakos Tourmaline Mine
Usakos Wollastonite Mine

Latitude: 22°'45"S
Longitude: 15°29'15"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -22.0125,15.4875
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al Au B Be C Ca Ce Co Cs Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Na O P S Si Sn Ti Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al B Cs H Na O Si 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAmorphousAnalcimeApatiteBerylCalciteChalcopyriteClayCopperDiaspore
FeldsparFluoriteGarnetMicaMonaziteNoneOlivinePyroxeneQuartzRutile
SpinelTitaniteTopazTourmalineWollastoniteZircon

38 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Albite  (*)Andradite  (*)Beryl  (*)Bornite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Cassiterite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Cordierite  (*)
Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Elbaite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Forsterite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)Jeremejevite  (*)
Linnaeite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Microcline  (*)Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Montebrasite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Olenite  (*)Opal  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Pollucite  (*)
Quartz  (*)Rutile  (*)Schorl  (*)Sellaite  (*)Titanite  (*)
Topaz  (*)Wollastonite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S1865972793
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)286597,865988803
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)31865951534
Beryl  (*)BerylBe3Al2Si6O18286591,865924286
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS41865975516
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)541444286593,8659727770
Cassiterite  (*)RutileSnO21865915171
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S1865975707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS218659727198
Cordierite  (*)BerylMg2Al4Si5O181865971008
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61865974135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)25414441865939895
Elbaite  (*)TourmalineNa(Al1.5Li1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)486591,86594,86596,86598520
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F1865912740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2286591,865929617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)1865971188
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)5414441865937437
Gold  (*)CopperAu18659730554
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O6186597741
Jeremejevite  (*)NoneAl6(BO3)5F318659115
Linnaeite  (*)SpinelCo2+Co3+2S4186597249
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4541444286593,8659714899
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)1865914924
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)541444186593945
Montebrasite  (*)NoneLiAl(PO4)(OH)186598200
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)218659817380
Olenite  (*)TourmalineNaAl3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3O3(OH)541444024
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O541444286591,865932994
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)21865972273
Pollucite  (*)AnalcimeCs(Si2Al)O6·nH2O5414440140
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2541444586591,86592,86593,86597,8659861156
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO21865975614
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)286591,865982705
Sellaite  (*)RutileMgF218659246
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1865974899
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F21865911476
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO31865991247
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)541444286593,865975251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0000876MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes with maximum thickness of 7 m. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Fenites.


2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_0000876520480500±20U-Pb monazite     126176Eureka Farm 99, Usakos, Karibib, Erongo Region, NamibiaEurekaWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 
ree-00477541444Cambrian-Ordovician        126176Eureka Farm 99, Usakos, Karibib, Erongo Region, NamibiaEurekaOrris and Grauch (2002) USGSOFR02_189 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R040002Usakos, Karibib, Erongo Region, Namibiahttps://rruff.info/R040002
R060617Ameib Farm 60, Usakos, Karibib, Erongo Region, Namibiahttps://rruff.info/R060617

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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