Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Postmasburg Manganese Field, Northern Cape, South Africa

Oldest recorded age at locality: 623.3
Youngest recorded age at locality: 616.7

mindat Locality ID: 11062
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-11062.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Postmasburg Manganese Field, Northern Cape, South Africa": 29
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 24

Number of Child Localities: 9
Child Localities:
Driehoekspan
Eastern Belt
Gloucester Farm
Japie's Rust
Kathu
Kolomela Mine
Magoloring Farm
Mokanning 49
Western Belt

Latitude: 28°4'48"S
Longitude: 23°1'20"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -28.08,23.022222222222

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Amorphous	Amphibole	Apatite	Aragonite	Baryte	Bixbyite	Brackebuschite	Braunite	Calcite	Clay
Coronadite	Corundum	Diaspore	Epidote	Feldspar	Kaolinite	Mica	Milarite	Natrolite	Nolanite
None	Not in a structural group	Pectolite	Pyrophyllite	Pyroxene	Quartz	Ramsdellite	Rutile	Serpentine	Spinel
Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Ba C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na O P Pb S Si Sr Ti V Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ba H Mn Na O Si

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Amorphous Amphibole Apatite Aragonite Baryte Bixbyite Brackebuschite Braunite Calcite Clay
Coronadite Corundum Diaspore Epidote Feldspar Kaolinite Mica Milarite Natrolite Nolanite
None Not in a structural group Pectolite Pyrophyllite Pyroxene Quartz Ramsdellite Rutile Serpentine Spinel
Zircon

55 IMA Minerals at location:

Aegirine ()*	Akdalaite ()*	Albite ()*	Amesite ()*	Ankerite ()*
Armbrusterite ()*	Arsenbrackebuschite ()*	Arsentsumebite ()*	Banalsite ()*	Baryte ()*
Barytocalcite ()*	Birnessite ()*	Bixbyite ()*	Brackebuschite ()*	Braunite ()*
Calcite ()*	Cryptomelane ()*	Diaspore ()*	Dolomite ()*	Ephesite ()*
Gamagarite ()*	Gibbsite ()*	Goethite ()*	Greenalite ()*	Grunerite ()*
Hausmannite ()*	Hematite ()*	Hydroxylapatite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Kentrolite ()*
Lithiophorite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Manganite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Natrolite ()*
Noelbensonite ()*	Norrishite ()*	Opal ()*	Paragonite ()*	Pectolite ()*
Piemontite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Pyrophyllite ()*	Quartz ()*	Ramsdellite ()*
Romanèchite ()*	Rutile ()*	Serandite ()*	Siderite ()*	Strontianite ()*
Sugilite ()*	Tokyoite ()*	Witherite ()*	Zircon ()*	Zunyite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine ()*	Pyroxene	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆	623.3	616.7	4	107214,107215,107217,107220	1022
Akdalaite ()*	Nolanite	Al₁₀O₁₄(OH)₂	623.3	616.7	0		6
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	623.3	616.7	3	107214,107215,107217	8803
Amesite ()*	Clay Serpentine	Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄			4	107208,107210,107219,107222	74
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂			1	107216	3092
Armbrusterite ()*	Not in a structural group	Na₆K₅Mn³⁺Mn²⁺₁₄(Si₉O₂₂)₄(OH)₁₀·4H₂O	623.3	616.7	2	107214,107215	3
Arsenbrackebuschite ()*	Brackebuschite	Pb₂(Fe³⁺,Zn)(AsO₄)₂(OH,H₂O)			1	107217	24
Arsentsumebite ()*	Brackebuschite	Pb₂Cu(AsO₄)(SO₄)(OH)			1	107217	37
Banalsite ()*	None	Na₂BaAl₄Si₄O₁₆	623.3	616.7	0		22
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)			10	107198,107199,107200,107202,107208,107210,107217,107218,107221,107224	11547
Barytocalcite ()*	None	BaCa(CO₃)₂			1	107217	83
Birnessite ()*	None	(Na,Ca,K)_0.6(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄·1.5H₂O			1	107224	178
Bixbyite ()*	Bixbyite	Mn³⁺₂O₃			13	107197,107199,107200,107201,107202,107208,107209,107210,107221,107222,107223,107224,107225	104
Brackebuschite ()*	Brackebuschite	Pb₂Mn³⁺(VO₄)₂(OH)			1	107217	15
Braunite ()*	Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆O₈(SiO₄)	623.3	616.7	17	107197,107198,107199,107200,107201,107202,107204,107209,107214,107215,107217,107220,107221,107222,107223,107224,107225	483
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)			2	107216,107217	27770
Cryptomelane ()*	Coronadite	K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆			3	107198,107221,107225	599
Diaspore ()*	Diaspore	AlO(OH)			10	107197,107201,107208,107209,107219,107221,107222,107223,107224,107225	481
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂			2	107216,107217	9895
Ephesite ()*	Mica	NaLiAl₂(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂			8	107208,107209,107210,107221,107222,107223,107224,107225	21
Gamagarite ()*	Brackebuschite	Ba₂Fe³⁺(VO₄)₂(OH)			3	107208,107217,107223	10
Gibbsite ()*	None	Al(OH)₃	623.3	616.7	0		504
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)			6	107198,107199,107201,107202,107216,107225	7437
Greenalite ()*	Clay Serpentine	(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄			1	107216	61
Grunerite ()*	Amphibole	Fe²⁺₂Fe²⁺₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	107216	223
Hausmannite ()*	Spinel	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂O₄			4	107199,107214,107217,107225	350
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			16	107198,107199,107200,107201,107202,107204,107208,107209,107212,107216,107217,107218,107221,107222,107223,107225	14640
Hydroxylapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃OH			1	107208	367
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄			2	107223,107225	5591
Kentrolite ()*	None	Pb₂Mn³⁺₂O₂(Si₂O₇)	623.3	616.7	2	107214,107215	22
Lithiophorite ()*	None	(Al,Li)(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂(OH)₂			9	107199,107200,107201,107202,107209,107221,107222,107223,107224	210
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄			1	107216	14899
Manganite ()*	Rutile	Mn³⁺O(OH)	623.3	616.7	0		770
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			8	107198,107199,107200,107201,107202,107222,107223,107224	17380
Natrolite ()*	Natrolite	Na₂(Si₃Al₂)O₁₀·2H₂O			1	107217	1236
Noelbensonite ()*	None	BaMn³⁺₂Si₂O₇(OH)₂·H₂O			2	107217,107218	6
Norrishite ()*	Mica	KLiMn³⁺₂Si₄O₁₀O₂	623.3	616.7	1	107215	5
Opal ()*	Amorphous	SiO₂·nH₂O	623.3	616.7	0		2994
Paragonite ()*	Mica Clay	NaAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			1	107217	247
Pectolite ()*	Pectolite	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)			1	107217	363
Piemontite ()*	Epidote	Ca₂(Al₂Mn³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)			1	107217	260
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂			12	107198,107199,107200,107201,107202,107204,107216,107221,107222,107223,107224,107225	3106
Pyrophyllite ()*	Clay Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂			1	107225	771
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	623.3	616.7	12	107198,107199,107200,107201,107202,107204,107214,107215,107216,107217,107223,107224	61156
Ramsdellite ()*	Ramsdellite	MnO₂			1	107222	88
Romanèchite ()*	None	(Ba,H₂O)₂(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₅O₁₀			3	107221,107222,107223	312
Rutile ()*	Rutile	TiO₂			1	107223	5614
Serandite ()*	Pectolite	NaMn²⁺₂Si₃O₈(OH)	623.3	616.7	3	107214,107215,107217	38
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)			2	107216,107218	6417
Strontianite ()*	Aragonite	Sr(CO₃)	623.3	616.7	3	107214,107215,107217	589
Sugilite ()*	Milarite	KNa₂Fe³⁺₂(Li₃Si₁₂)O₃₀	623.3	616.7	2	107214,107215	15
Tokyoite ()*	Brackebuschite	Ba₂Mn³⁺(VO₄)₂OH			2	107217,107218	9
Witherite ()*	Aragonite	Ba(CO₃)	623.3	616.7	4	107214,107215,107217,107218	251
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)			1	107223	5251
Zunyite ()*	None	Al₁₃Si₅O₂₀(OH,F)₁₈Cl			3	107201,107224,107225	86

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Alexandra-0203	623.3	616.7	620 ± 3.3	Ar-Ar	Age of alkali-metasomatic processes		sugilite	WB-T1, WB-T2			Sugilite		Mn	234320	Bruce Mine, Sishen, Kathu, Postmasburg Manganese Field, Northern Cape, South Africa	Bruce mine	Moore et al. (2011)	10.1127/0935-1221/2011/0023-2117	EJM23_661

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R060848	Postmasburg Manganese Field, Northern Cape, South Africa	https://rruff.info/R060848

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...