Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Oldest recorded age at locality: 86.3
Youngest recorded age at locality: 60.8

mindat Locality ID: 12032
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-12032.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazil": 14
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 10

Number of Child Localities: 3
Child Localities:
Andradas
Caldas
Poços De Caldas

Latitude: 21°55'24"S
Longitude: 46°31'11"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -21.923333333333,-46.519722222222

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Cd Ce Cl F Fe H K La Li Mg Mn Mo N Na Nb Nd Ni O P Pb REE S Si Sr Th Ti U Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ba Ca Cl F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na Nb O P REE S Si Ti Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AlumAluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAnalcimeAncyliteApatiteApophylliteAragoniteAstrophyllite
BaddeleyiteBaryteBastnäsiteBatisiteBranneriteBurbankiteCalciteCancriniteCancrinite-sodaliteCatapleiite
ChloriteClayCoronaditeCorundumDiasporeDjerfisheriteEudialyteFeldsparFluoriteGagarinite
GaidonnayiteHalotrichiteKaoliniteLanthaniteLepidocrociteMicaMolybdeniteMonaziteNatroliteNeptunite
NolaniteNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePalygorskitePectolitePentlanditePyritePyrophyllitePyroxene
QuartzRamsdelliteRocksaltRutileSerpentineSmectite-vermiculiteSodaliteSphaleriteSpinelTitanite
TridymiteWollastoniteWurtziteWöhleriteZircon

125 IMA Minerals at location:
Aegirine  (*)Aegirine-augite  (*)Albite  (*)Alunite  (*)Analcime  (*)
Anatase  (*)Ancylite-(Ce)  (*)Ancylite-(La)  (*)Ankerite  (*)Arfvedsonite  (*)
Astrophyllite  (*)Augite  (*)Baddeleyite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)
Batisite  (*)Berthierine  (*)Bílinite  (*)Birnessite  (*)Brannerite  (*)
Britholite-(Ce)  (*)Burbankite  (*)Calcioancylite-(Ce)  (*)Calcite  (*)Cancrinite  (*)
Catapleiite  (*)Cerianite-(Ce)  (*)Chamosite  (*)Cheralite  (*)Chlorbartonite  (*)
Coffinite  (*)Crandallite  (*)Cryptomelane  (*)Eudialyte  (*)Ferrihydrite  (*)
Ferrobustamite  (*)Ferrokentbrooksite  (*)Fersmanite  (*)Florencite-(Ce)  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)
Fluorapophyllite-(K)  (*)Fluorbritholite-(Ce)  (*)Fluorite  (*)Fluorlamprophyllite  (*)Gaidonnayite  (*)
Georgechaoite  (*)Gibbsite  (*)Goethite  (*)Gonnardite  (*)Gorceixite  (*)
Goyazite  (*)Greenockite  (*)Hainite-(Y)  (*)Hematite  (*)Hilairite  (*)
Ilmenite  (*)Ilsemannite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Jordisite  (*)Kalinite  (*)
Kaolinite  (*)Kentbrooksite  (*)Kochite  (*)Kupletskite  (*)Kutnohorite  (*)
Lamprophyllite  (*)Lanthanite-(Nd)  (*)Låvenite  (*)Lepidocrocite  (*)Lithiophilite  (*)
Lithiophorite  (*)Lorenzenite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Manganoeudialyte  (*)Microcline  (*)
Molybdenite  (*)Molybdite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)Muscovite  (*)
Narsarsukite  (*)Natrolite  (*)Nepheline  (*)Neptunite  (*)Normandite  (*)
Nsutite  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Paranatisite  (*)Pectolite  (*)Pentlandite  (*)
Phlogopite  (*)Pickeringite  (*)Plumbogummite  (*)Polezhaevaite-(Ce)  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrophanite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)
Rosenbuschite  (*)Rutile  (*)Sanidine  (*)Siderite  (*)Sodalite  (*)
Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Stronadelphite  (*)Strontianite  (*)Tainiolite  (*)
Thorbastnäsite  (*)Thorianite  (*)Thorite  (*)Titanite  (*)Tschermigite  (*)
Tuperssuatsiaite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Vermiculite  (*)Villiaumite  (*)Vinogradovite  (*)
Vishnevite  (*)Wadeite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)Xenotime-(Y)  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O6328004,28008,280091022
Aegirine-augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O686.360.80286
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)86.360.8228004,280068803
Alunite  (*)NoneKAl3(SO4)2(OH)686.360.8228000,28006966
Analcime  (*)AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6)·H2O328004,28008,280091627
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO286.360.8228000,280062162
Ancylite-(Ce)  (*)AncyliteCeSr(CO3)2(OH)·H2O228004,2800992
Ancylite-(La)  (*)AncyliteLaSr(CO3)2(OH)·H2O12800413
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)21280093092
Arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleNaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)286.360.80295
Astrophyllite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaFe2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F228007,28008161
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O686.360.802060
Baddeleyite  (*)BaddeleyiteZrO286.360.8528000,28001,28002,28006,28007238
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)767612800011547
Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)BastnäsiteCe(CO3)F7676128000304
Batisite  (*)BatisiteNa2BaTi2O2(Si2O6)286.360.8011
Berthierine  (*)Clay Serpentine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)412800459
Bílinite  (*)HalotrichiteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4·22H2O767612800016
Birnessite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K)0.6(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4·1.5H2O86.360.8128006178
Brannerite  (*)BranneriteUTi2O686.360.8228000,28006248
Britholite-(Ce)  (*)Apatite(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3(OH)128004115
Burbankite  (*)Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5228004,2800952
Calcioancylite-(Ce)  (*)Ancylite(Ce,Ca,Sr)(CO3)(OH,H2O)228004,2800946
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)86.360.8228004,2800627770
Cancrinite  (*)Cancrinite(Na,Ca,   )8(Al6Si6)O24(CO3,SO4)2·2H2O86.360.8228006,28008232
Catapleiite  (*)CatapleiiteNa2Zr(Si3O9)·2H2O86.360.80113
Cerianite-(Ce)  (*)FluoriteCeO286.360.812800694
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8128009577
Cheralite  (*)MonaziteCaTh(PO4)286.360.8228000,2800650
Chlorbartonite  (*)DjerfisheriteK6Fe24S26Cl86.360.807
Coffinite  (*)ZirconU(SiO4)·nH2O86.360.8227999,28006566
Crandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)686.360.8228000,28006310
Cryptomelane  (*)CoronaditeK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O1686.360.8128006599
Eudialyte  (*)EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2328004,28007,28008182
Ferrihydrite  (*)NolaniteFe3+10O14(OH)286.360.812800686
Ferrobustamite  (*)WollastoniteCaFe2+Si2O686.360.8022
Ferrokentbrooksite  (*)EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe2+3Zr3Nb(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(F,Cl)286.360.8015
Fersmanite  (*)NoneCa4(Na,Ca)4(Ti,Nb)4(Si2O7)2O8F312800411
Florencite-(Ce)  (*)AluniteCeAl3(PO4)2(OH)686.360.812800673
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F86.360.802740
Fluorapophyllite-(K)  (*)ApophylliteKCa4Si8O20F·8H2O128004303
Fluorbritholite-(Ce)  (*)Apatite(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F12800419
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF286.360.8628000,28004,28006,28007,28008,280099617
Fluorlamprophyllite  (*)None(SrNa)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2F21280071
Gaidonnayite  (*)GaidonnayiteNa2ZrSi3O9·2H2O12800921
Georgechaoite  (*)GaidonnayiteKNaZrSi3O9·2H2O86.360.807
Gibbsite  (*)NoneAl(OH)386.360.8228000,28006504
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)86.360.8228000,280067437
Gonnardite  (*)Natrolite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10·3H2O128004167
Gorceixite  (*)AluniteBaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)686.360.8228000,28006121
Goyazite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)686.360.8228000,28006173
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS7676128000717
Hainite-(Y)  (*)None(Ca3Y)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2228004,2800911
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O386.360.8228000,2800614640
Hilairite  (*)NoneNa2ZrSi3O9·3H2O12800918
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O31280095433
Ilsemannite  (*)NoneMo3O8·nH2O (?)7676128000123
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)686.360.8228000,280062228
Jordisite  (*)AmorphousMoS27676128000102
Kalinite  (*)NoneKAl(SO4)2·11H2O767612800054
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)486.360.8228000,280065591
Kentbrooksite  (*)Eudialyte(Na,REE)15(Ca,REE)6Mn3Zr3Nb(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(F,Cl)2228003,2800419
Kochite  (*)NoneCa2MnZrNa3Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F21280073
Kupletskite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaMn2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F12800433
Kutnohorite  (*)NoneCaMn2+(CO3)2128009234
Lamprophyllite  (*)None(SrNa)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2328004,28007,2800863
Lanthanite-(Nd)  (*)LanthaniteNd2(CO3)3·8H2O86.360.812800610
Låvenite  (*)Wöhlerite(Na,Ca)4(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(Zr,Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2(O,F)486.360.8058
Lepidocrocite  (*)LepidocrociteFe3+O(OH)86.360.8128006581
Lithiophilite  (*)OlivineLiMn2+(PO4)86.360.8128006155
Lithiophorite  (*)None(Al,Li)(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2(OH)286.360.8128006210
Lorenzenite  (*)NoneNa2Ti2O3(Si2O6)86.360.8082
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O486.360.812800614899
Manganoeudialyte  (*)EudialyteNa14Ca6Mn3Zr3[Si26O72(OH)2](H2O,Cl,O,OH)6228004,280088
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)86.360.8228006,280094924
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS286.360.805800
Molybdite  (*)NoneMoO37676128000140
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O86.360.8228000,280061508
Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5   0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)286.360.8045
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)27676228000,2800117380
Narsarsukite  (*)NoneNa2(Ti,Fe3+)Si4(O,F)1112800434
Natrolite  (*)NatroliteNa2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O228004,280091236
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)86.360.8628000,28004,28006,28007,28008,28009884
Neptunite  (*)NeptuniteKNa2LiFe2+2Ti2Si8O2412800449
Normandite  (*)WöhleriteNa2Ca2(Mn,Fe)2(Ti,Nb,Zr)2(Si2O7)2O2F212800410
Nsutite  (*)RamsdelliteMn2+xMn4+1-xO2-2x(OH)2x86.360.8228000,28006121
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)86.360.802349
Paranatisite  (*)NoneNa2TiO(SiO4)1280074
Pectolite  (*)PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)128009363
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S876761280001512
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)276761280002273
Pickeringite  (*)HalotrichiteMgAl2(SO4)4·22H2O7676128000265
Plumbogummite  (*)AlunitePbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)686.360.8128006170
Polezhaevaite-(Ce)  (*)GagariniteNaSrCeF61280042
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS286.360.8328000,28006,2800939462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO286.360.8228000,280063106
Pyrophanite  (*)CorundumMn2+TiO3128009244
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)27676128000771
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO27676228000,2800961156
Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2328004,28007,2800853
Rosenbuschite  (*)NoneCa6Zr2Na6ZrTi(Si2O7)4(OF)2F412800442
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO286.360.8228000,280065614
Sanidine  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)7676128000598
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)86.360.8228000,280066417
Sodalite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl228008,28009444
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS86.360.8228000,2800621482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O486.360.8228000,280061934
Stronadelphite  (*)ApatiteSr5(PO4)3F1280044
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)128009589
Tainiolite  (*)MicaKLiMg2Si4O10F212800440
Thorbastnäsite  (*)BastnäsiteThCa(CO3)2F2·3H2O86.360.812800614
Thorianite  (*)FluoriteThO286.360.8128006236
Thorite  (*)ZirconTh(SiO4)86.360.81280061006
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O86.360.8328006,28008,280094899
Tschermigite  (*)Alum(NH4)Al(SO4)2·12H2O767612800081
Tuperssuatsiaite  (*)PalygorskiteNa2(Fe3+,Mn2+)3Si8O20(OH)2·4H2O12800410
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO27676327999,28000,280052718
Vermiculite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4·8H2O7676128000652
Villiaumite  (*)RocksaltNaF12800431
Vinogradovite  (*)NoneNa4Ti4(Si2O6)2[(Si,Al)4O10]O4·(H2O,Na,K)386.360.8028
Vishnevite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite CancriniteNa8(Al6Si6)O24(SO4)·2H2O86.360.8021
Wadeite  (*)NoneK2ZrSi3O912800427
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO386.360.81280061247
Xenotime-(Y)  (*)ZirconY(PO4)7676128000939
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)86.360.8727999,28000,28001,28002,28005,28006,280075251



3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Giersdorf_000008237676>76 Minimum age for the uranium of the Osamu Utsumi mine of Brazil    Brannerite, Uraninite 30595Osamu Utsumi Mine, Campo Do Cercado, Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, BrazilOsamu UtsumiPearcy et al. (1994)10.1016/0883-2927(94)90030-2AG9_713Age is given in comparison to the Nopal deposit due to its similarity as a natural analogue to nuclear waste disposal systems
ree-0015760.860.860.8 Ma (K-Ar, lujarite) 86.3 Ma (Rb-Sr, lujavrite-khibinite)K-Ar       30588Morro Do Ferro, Poços De Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, BrazilPocos de Caldas (Morro do Ferro)Orris and Grauch (2002) USGSOFR02_189 
ree-0080186.386.360.8 Ma (K-Ar, lujarite) 86.3 Ma (Rb-Sr, lujavrite-khibinite)Rb-Sr       30588Morro Do Ferro, Poços De Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, BrazilPocos de Caldas (Morro do Ferro)Orris and Grauch (2002) USGSOFR02_189 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R130421Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R130421
R110208Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R110208
R130420Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R130420
R110212Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R110212
R070513Osamu Utsumi Mine, Campo Do Cercado, Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R070513
R100082Poços De Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R100082
R130110Poços De Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R130110
R141182Poços De Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R141182
FKM-224Pedra Balão Outcrops, Poços De Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://www.rockptx.com/fkm-201-to-fkm-225/#FKM-224
R140540Prefeitura Quarry, Poços De Caldas, Poços De Caldas Alkaline Complex, Minas Gerais, Brazilhttps://rruff.info/R140540


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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