Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
North-West District, Botswana

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1000
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 123170
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-123170.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "North-West District, Botswana": 8
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 5

Number of Child Localities: 4
Child Localities:
Ngamiland East District
Ngamiland West District
Okavango Delta
Toteng

Latitude: 20°5'14"S
Longitude: 22°37'48"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -20.087222222222,22.63

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Biphosphammite	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Chalcostibite	Clay	Corundum	Digenite	Dumortierite	Gypsum	Humboldtine
Mica	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Oxalate	Picromerite	Potarite	Quartz	Rocksalt
Sphalerite	Struvite	Syngenite

Biphosphammite ()*	Bornite ()*	Boussingaultite ()*	Calcite ()*	Chalcocite ()*
Chalcopyrite ()*	Digenite ()*	Dittmarite ()*	Dumortierite ()*	Emplectite ()*
Galena ()*	Glushinskite ()*	Gwihabaite ()*	Gypsum ()*	Hematite ()*
Kotulskite ()*	Kyanite ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Potarite ()*
Quartz ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Stromeyerite ()*	Struvite ()*	Sylvite ()*
Syngenite ()*	Temagamite ()*	Thermonatrite ()*	Trona ()*	Weddellite ()*

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al B Bi C Ca Cl Cu Fe H Hg K Mg Mo N Na O P Pb Pd S Si Te Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Biphosphammite Calcite Chalcopyrite Chalcostibite Clay Corundum Digenite Dumortierite Gypsum Humboldtine
Mica Molybdenite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Oxalate Picromerite Potarite Quartz Rocksalt
Sphalerite Struvite Syngenite

30 IMA Minerals at location:

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Biphosphammite ()*	Biphosphammite	(NH₄)H₂(PO₄)	1000	0	1	26893	11
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	900	900	2	26891,26897	5516
Boussingaultite ()*	Picromerite	(NH₄)₂Mg(SO₄)₂·6H₂O	1000	0	1	26893	30
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)			1	26897	27770
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	900	900	2	26891,26897	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	900	900	2	26891,26897	27198
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S			1	26897	1027
Dittmarite ()*	None	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄)·H₂O	1000	0	1	26893	7
Dumortierite ()*	Dumortierite	AlAl₆BSi₃O₁₈			1	26894	231
Emplectite ()*	Chalcostibite	CuBiS₂			1	26897	246
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS			1	26897	24243
Glushinskite ()*	Humboldtine Oxalate	Mg(C₂O₄)·2H₂O	1000	0	1	26893	5
Gwihabaite ()*	None	(NH₄)(NO₃)	1000	0	1	26893	10
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	1000	0	1	26893	6890
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			1	26894	14640
Kotulskite ()*	Nickeline	Pd(Te,Bi)_2-x (x ≈ 0.4)			1	26897	116
Kyanite ()*	Not in a structural group	Al₂OSiO₄			1	26894	1507
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂			1	26897	5800
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂			1	26894	17380
Potarite ()*	Potarite	PdHg			1	26897	25
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂			1	26897	61156
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS			1	26897	21482
Stromeyerite ()*	None	CuAgS			1	26897	332
Struvite ()*	Struvite	(NH₄)Mg(PO₄)·6H₂O	1000	0	1	26893	30
Sylvite ()*	Rocksalt	KCl			1	26895	275
Syngenite ()*	Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂·H₂O	1000	0	1	26893	44
Temagamite ()*	None	Pd₃HgTe₃			1	26897	24
Thermonatrite ()*	None	Na₂(CO₃)·H₂O			1	26895	64
Trona ()*	None	Na₃(HCO₃)(CO₃)·2H₂O			1	26895	129
Weddellite ()*	Oxalate	Ca(C₂O₄)·2H₂O	1000	0	1	26893	32

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Michelle_823	A guano and fossil rich cave in the dolomitic hills of Gcwihaba Valley. Fossils indicate heavy sedimentation at the Plio-Pleistocene boundary, with ongoing spleothem mineralization.
Michelle_824	Drotsky's Cave lies in dolomitic marbles of the Upper Proterozoic Otavi Group or Damara Sequence

3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
sedcu-00064	900	900	U. Proterozoic			Cu	228259	Ngwako Pan, Ngamiland East District, North-West District, Botswana	Ngwako Pan	Cox et al. (2003)		USGSOFR03_107
Michelle_823	2.5	0	2.5-0	fossil fauna	Age of cave sedimentation		5807	Gcwihaba Cave (Drotsky's Caverns), Ngamiland West District, North-West District, Botswana	Drotsky's Caverns	Pickford (1990)		BNR22_1	At the time of ancient cavern formation, the water table lay about 30 metres higher than the present datum in the floor of the Gcwihabadum. The fauna indicated an age for the sediments of about 2.5 million years. Thus considerable erosion can be postulated to have occurred in the region since the end of the Pliocene.
Michelle_824	1000	541	Upper Proterozoic		Age of host rock		5807	Gcwihaba Cave (Drotsky's Caverns), Ngamiland West District, North-West District, Botswana	Drotsky's Cave	Railsback et al. (1999)	10.1080/02723646.1999.10642682	PG20_331	Drotsky's Cave lies in dolomitic marbles of the Upper Proterozoic Otavi Group or Damara Sequence

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...