Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Azuay Province, Ecuador

Oldest recorded age at locality: 20.3
Youngest recorded age at locality: 9.48

mindat Locality ID: 131952
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-131952.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Azuay Province, Ecuador": 23
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 16

Number of Child Localities: 14
Child Localities:
Camilo Ponce Enriquez Canton
Chaucha Cu-Mo Deposit
Cuenca Canton
Gaby-Papa Grande Cu-Au Deposit
Girón Canton
Las Mercedes Clay Deposit
Molleturo Deposit
Ocashuico Prospect
Samael Clay Deposit
San Bartholome
San Bartolomé Silver Mine
San Juan Mine
Shunaste Prospect
Tinajillas Clay Deposit

Latitude: 64118°15'43"N
Longitude: 965733°47'28"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 64118.261944444,965733.79111111

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Alunite	Amphibole	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Calcite	Chalcanthite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Copper
Corundum	Covellite	Cristobalite	Diaspore	Digenite	Enargite	Epidote	Feldspar	Gypsum	Kaolinite
Malachite	Marcasite	Mica	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Owyheeite	Palygorskite	Polybasite
Pyrite	Quartz	Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stannite	Stibnite
Sulphur	Tetrahedrite	Wurtzite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cu Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O Pb S Sb Si Sn Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Alunite Amphibole Arsenopyrite Baryte Calcite Chalcanthite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Copper
Corundum Covellite Cristobalite Diaspore Digenite Enargite Epidote Feldspar Gypsum Kaolinite
Malachite Marcasite Mica Molybdenite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Owyheeite Palygorskite Polybasite
Pyrite Quartz Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Spinel Stannite Stibnite
Sulphur Tetrahedrite Wurtzite

58 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Albite ()*	Alunite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Azurite ()*
Baryte ()*	Bornite ()*	Boulangerite ()*	Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Copper ()*	Covellite ()*
Cristobalite ()*	Cuprite ()*	Digenite ()*	Dolomite ()*	Enargite ()*
Epidote ()*	Ferrimolybdite ()*	Freibergite ()*	Freieslebenite ()*	Galena ()*
Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Gypsum ()*	Hematite ()*	Jamesonite ()*
Jarosite ()*	Kaolinite ()*	Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*
Miargyrite ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Montmorillonite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Owyheeite ()*
Palygorskite ()*	Phlogopite ()*	Polybasite ()*	Powellite ()*	Pyrargyrite ()*
Pyrite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*	Silver ()*
Sphalerite ()*	Stannite ()*	Stephanite ()*	Stibnite ()*	Sulphur ()*
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tenorite ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	20.3	18.3	1	48950	3419
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	20.3	18.3	1	48950	8803
Alunite ()*	None	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆	12	10	2	48945,48949	966
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	20.3	18.3	6	48943,48944,48950,48951,48955,48960	9052
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	12	10	1	48945	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)	20.3	9.48	2	48945,48950	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	20.3	10	3	48944,48945,48950	5516
Boulangerite ()*	None	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁			1	48960	843
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	20.3	18.3	3	48943,48951,48960	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂			1	48959	5171
Chalcanthite ()*	Chalcanthite	Cu(SO₄)·5H₂O	12	10	1	48945	925
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	12	10	2	48945,48955	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	20.3	10	7	48943,48944,48945,48950,48951,48955,48960	27198
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	12	10	1	48945	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	12	10	2	48945,48955	4165
Cristobalite ()*	Cristobalite	SiO₂			4	48954,48957,48961,48963	453
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	12	10	1	48945	2970
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S	12	10	1	48945	1027
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂			1	48960	9895
Enargite ()*	Enargite Wurtzite	Cu₃AsS₄			1	48955	910
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	20.3	10	4	48943,48945,48950,48951	8173
Ferrimolybdite ()*	None	Fe³⁺₂(Mo⁶⁺O₄)₃·7H₂O	12	10	1	48945	345
Freibergite ()*	Tetrahedrite	Ag₆[Cu₄Fe₂]Sb₄S₁₂			1	48960	663
Freieslebenite ()*	None	AgPbSbS₃			1	48960	105
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	20.3	18.3	4	48950,48951,48955,48960	24243
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	12	9.48	2	48943,48945	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	20.3	18.3	6	48943,48944,48949,48950,48951,48955	30554
Gypsum ()*	Gypsum	Ca(SO₄)·2H₂O	12	10	2	48945,48947	6890
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	12	9.48	1	48945	14640
Jamesonite ()*	None	Pb₄FeSb₆S₁₄			1	48960	784
Jarosite ()*	Alunite	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆			1	48949	2228
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	12	10	3	48945,48949,48961	5591
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄	20.3	10	4	48943,48945,48950,48955	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	12	10	1	48945	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	20.3	18.3	2	48951,48960	5674
Miargyrite ()*	None	AgSbS₂			1	48960	300
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	20.3	10	3	48943,48945,48950	5800
Montmorillonite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Na,Ca)_0.3(Al,Mg)₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂·nH₂O	20.3	18.3	1	48950	1508
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	20.3	9.48	2	48945,48950	17380
Owyheeite ()*	Owyheeite	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈			1	48960	89
Palygorskite ()*	Palygorskite Clay	(Mg,Al)₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)·4H₂O	20.3	18.3	1	48950	306
Phlogopite ()*	Mica Clay	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	20.3	18.3	1	48950	2273
Polybasite ()*	Polybasite	[Ag₉CuS₄][(Ag,Cu)₆(Sb,As)₂S₇]			1	48960	716
Powellite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(MoO₄)			1	48943	494
Pyrargyrite ()*	None	Ag₃SbS₃			1	48960	1425
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	20.3	10	9	48943,48944,48945,48949,48950,48951,48955,48957,48960	39462
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	20.3	18.3	4	48950,48951,48955,48960	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	20.3	18.3	9	48943,48944,48951,48954,48955,48957,48960,48961,48963	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)			1	48960	1711
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	20.3	18.3	2	48951,48955	5186
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	20.3	18.3	4	48950,48951,48955,48960	21482
Stannite ()*	Stannite Sphalerite	Cu₂FeSnS₄			2	48959,48960	668
Stephanite ()*	None	Ag₅SbS₄			1	48960	586
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃			1	48944	3418
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S			1	48943	2045
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃	20.3	18.3	2	48950,48960	1803
Tenorite ()*	None	CuO	12	10	1	48945	1101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃			2	48955,48960	5317

Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:

Age ID	Locality Notes
Michelle_358	Granodiorite pluton stock

3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Age Interpret	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
Michelle_358	10.06	9.48	9.77±0.29	Age of granodiorite intrusion			206856	Chaucha Cu-Mo Deposit, Azuay Province, Ecuador	Chaucha District	Caelles et al. (1971)	10.2113/gsecongeo.66.6.961	EG66_961	Age of granodiorite intrusion
PorphCu-00497	12	10	12–10		Alunite, Bornite, Chalcanthite, Chalcopyrite, Copper, Covellite, Cuprite, Epidote, Ferrimolybdite, Gypsum, Kaolinite, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Pyrite, Tenorite	Cu	206856	Chaucha Cu-Mo Deposit, Azuay Province, Ecuador	Chaucha	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155
PorphCu-00499	20.3	18.3	19.3±1		Actinolite, Albite, Arsenopyrite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Epidote, Galena, Gold, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Palygorskite, Phlogopite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Sphalerite, Electrum	Cu	206859	Gaby-Papa Grande Cu-Au Deposit, Azuay Province, Ecuador	Gaby-Papa Grande	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...