Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
East Mine, Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, China

Oldest recorded age at locality: 2070
Youngest recorded age at locality: 544

mindat Locality ID: 134499
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-134499.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "East Mine, Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, China": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 41°48'4"N
Longitude: 109°58'54"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 41.801111111111,109.98166666667
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Ba C Ca Ce Cl F Fe H K Ln Mg Na Nb Nd O P Pb S Si Ta Th Ti Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Al Ba C Ca Ce Cl F Fe H K Ln Mg Na Nb Nd O P Pb S Si Th Ti Zr 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AeschyniteAllaniteAmphiboleApatiteBaryteBastnäsiteCalciteChevkiniteClayColumbite
CordyliteCorundumDiasporeEpidoteFeldsparFluoriteHumiteMatlockiteMicaMonazite
NickelineNoneParisitePyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltScheeliteSpinelZircon

47 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Aegirine  (*)Aeschynite-(Nd)  (*)Albite  (*)Allanite-(Ce)  (*)
Bafertisite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)Calcite  (*)Cebaite-(Ce)  (*)
Fergusonite-(Ce)-β  (*)Cordylite-(Ce)  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Fergusonite-(Ce)  (*)
Ferro-edenite  (*)Fersmite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorbritholite-(Ce)  (*)Fluorite  (*)
Fluorokinoshitalite  (*)Fluorotetraferriphlogopite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Hematite  (*)
Huanghoite-(Ce)  (*)Humite  (*)Magnesio-riebeckite  (*)Magnesioferrite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)Norbergite  (*)Norsethite  (*)Parisite-(Ce)  (*)Perrierite-(Ce)  (*)
Phlogopite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Richterite  (*)
Riebeckite  (*)Röntgenite-(Ce)  (*)Thorianite  (*)Tremolite  (*)Yangzhumingite  (*)
Zhangpeishanite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2207054403419
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O6207054401022
Aeschynite-(Nd)  (*)Aeschynite(Nd,Ln,Ca)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)656654407
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)207054408803
Allanite-(Ce)  (*)Allanite EpidoteCaCe(Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)5665440706
Bafertisite  (*)NoneBa2Fe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F22070544016
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)2070544011547
Bastnäsite-(Ce)  (*)BastnäsiteCe(CO3)F5665440304
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)2070544027770
Cebaite-(Ce)  (*)NoneBa3Ce2(CO3)5F256654408
Fergusonite-(Ce)-β  (*)NoneCeNbO456654403
Cordylite-(Ce)  (*)Cordylite(Na,Ca,   )BaCe2(CO3)4(F,O)566544015
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6207054404135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2207054409895
Fergusonite-(Ce)  (*)ScheeliteCeNbO4·0.3H2O566544016
Ferro-edenite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)22070544057
Fersmite  (*)ColumbiteCaNb2O6566544083
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F207054402740
Fluorbritholite-(Ce)  (*)Apatite(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F566544019
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2207054409617
Fluorokinoshitalite  (*)MicaBaMg3Al2Si2O10F2207054402
Fluorotetraferriphlogopite  (*)MicaKMg3Fe3+Si3O10F2207054403
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS2070544024243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)207054407437
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O32070544014640
Huanghoite-(Ce)  (*)NoneBaCe(CO3)2F56654409
Humite  (*)HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F22070544080
Magnesio-riebeckite  (*)Amphibole   Na2(Mg3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)22070544093
Magnesioferrite  (*)SpinelMgFe3+2O42070544098
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O42070544014899
Monazite-(Ce)  (*)MonaziteCe(PO4)5665440945
Norbergite  (*)HumiteMg3(SiO4)F22070544037
Norsethite  (*)NoneBaMg(CO3)22070544030
Parisite-(Ce)  (*)ParisiteCaCe2(CO3)3F25665440112
Perrierite-(Ce)  (*)ChevkiniteCe4MgFe3+2Ti2O8(Si2O7)2566544046
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2207054402273
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS22070544039462
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8207054409056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO22070544061156
Richterite  (*)AmphiboleNa(NaCa)Mg5Si8O22(OH)220705440148
Riebeckite  (*)Amphibole   Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)220705440375
Röntgenite-(Ce)  (*)NoneCa2Ce3(CO3)5F3566544015
Thorianite  (*)FluoriteThO220705440236
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2207054402562
Yangzhumingite  (*)MicaKMg2.5Si4O10F2207054404
Zhangpeishanite  (*)MatlockiteBaFCl207054402
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)2070207005251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0001114MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes and possible dolomitized carbonatite tuff. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: There are extensive peralkaline granites but their relationship, if any, to the carbonatites is not clear. Basic dykes and brecciated peridotite also occur.
Jen_0001115MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes and possible dolomitized carbonatite tuff. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: There are extensive peralkaline granites but their relationship, if any, to the carbonatites is not clear. Basic dykes and brecciated peridotite also occur.
Jen_0001116MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes and possible dolomitized carbonatite tuff. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: There are extensive peralkaline granites but their relationship, if any, to the carbonatites is not clear. Basic dykes and brecciated peridotite also occur.
Jen_0001117MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes and possible dolomitized carbonatite tuff. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: There are extensive peralkaline granites but their relationship, if any, to the carbonatites is not clear. Basic dykes and brecciated peridotite also occur.
Jen_0001118MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes and possible dolomitized carbonatite tuff. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: There are extensive peralkaline granites but their relationship, if any, to the carbonatites is not clear. Basic dykes and brecciated peridotite also occur.
Jen_0001119MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes and possible dolomitized carbonatite tuff. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: There are extensive peralkaline granites but their relationship, if any, to the carbonatites is not clear. Basic dykes and brecciated peridotite also occur.
Jen_0001120MAGMATIC STYLE: Dykes and possible dolomitized carbonatite tuff. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: There are extensive peralkaline granites but their relationship, if any, to the carbonatites is not clear. Basic dykes and brecciated peridotite also occur.


8 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_0001114207020702070U-Pb zircon  YesZircon  720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo MineYang and Woolley (2006) JAES27_559 
Jen_0001115809809809Sm-Nd whole rock  Yes  720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo MineYang and Woolley (2006) JAES27_559 
Jen_0001116122312231223Sm-Nd whole rock  Yes  720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo MineYang and Woolley (2006) JAES27_559 
Jen_0001117128612861286Sm-Nd whole rock  Yes  720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo MineYang and Woolley (2006) JAES27_559 
Jen_0001118131313131313Sm-Nd whole rock  Yes  720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo MineYang and Woolley (2006) JAES27_559 
Jen_0001119109610961096Sm-Nd whole rock  Yes  720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo MineYang and Woolley (2006) JAES27_559 
Jen_0001120120812081208Sm-Nd whole rock  Yes  720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo MineYang and Woolley (2006) JAES27_559 
TMA-00004566544555±11Th-Pb bastnӓsite  Yes Ce, La, Nd, Y720Bayan Obo Deposit (Bayun-Obo Deposit; Baiyunebo Deposit), Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo Mining District, Baotou League (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, ChinaBayan Obo REE ore depositWang et al. (1994)10.1016/0016-7037(94)90043-4GCA58_3155The combination of textural evidence and isotopic data from this study indicates that intermittent REE mineralization of the Bayan Obo deposit started at about 555 Ma, and the principal mineralization related to Caledonian subduction occurred between 474 and 400 Ma.; The most important results of this study indicate that (1) the large database of precise chronology, in conjunction with mineral replacement relation, provides evidence for a prolonged period of mineralization within the giant Bayan Obo orebody and (2) lead and neodymium isotopic compositions indicate that the source for the ores was depleted in uranium but enriched in thorium and LREEs.; note spelling as Bastnaesite in lit.

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