Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, Namibia

Oldest recorded age at locality: 1960
Youngest recorded age at locality: 541

mindat Locality ID: 157962
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-157962.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, Namibia": 3
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 3

Number of Child Localities: 3
Child Localities:
Lorelei Cu-Mo Deposit
Rosh Pinah Mine
Skorpion Mine

Latitude: 27°56'40"S
Longitude: 16°45'22"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -27.944444444444,16.756111111111
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cd Cl Cu Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Si Y Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAlstoniteAluniteAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArsenopyriteAtacamiteBaryte
CalciteChalcanthiteChalcopyriteChloriteClayCopperCoronaditeCovelliteCubaniteDiaspore
FeldsparGypsumMalachiteMarcasiteMicaMolybdeniteNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupPyrite
QuartzRocksaltSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelTarbuttiteWurtzite

62 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Alabandite  (*)Albite  (*)Alstonite  (*)Ankerite  (*)
Arsenopyrite  (*)Atacamite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)
Barytocalcite  (*)Benstonite  (*)Bornite  (*)Calcite  (*)Celsian  (*)
Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcophanite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Chamosite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Churchite-(Y)  (*)Copper  (*)Coronadite  (*)
Covellite  (*)Cubanite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Galena  (*)
Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Greenockite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)
Herbertsmithite  (*)Hetaerolite  (*)Hydroxylapatite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Jarosite  (*)
Kutnohorite  (*)Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Muscovite  (*)
Norsethite  (*)Parádsasvárite  (*)Paratacamite  (*)Pseudomalachite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Romanèchite  (*)Sauconite  (*)Scholzite  (*)
Skorpionite  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Stromeyerite  (*)Tarbuttite  (*)
Witherite  (*)Zincolibethenite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S10005411867562793
Alabandite  (*)RocksaltMnS1000541186756312
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)10005411867568803
Alstonite  (*)AlstoniteBaCa(CO3)2100054118675624
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)210005411867563092
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS10005411867569052
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)3757.4746.4186757544
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6757.4746.4186757919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)21960541386755,86756,867575509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)1000541286756,8675711547
Barytocalcite  (*)NoneBaCa(CO3)2100054118675683
Benstonite  (*)NoneBa6Ca6Mg(CO3)13100054118675617
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS41960541286755,867565516
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)1000541286756,8675727770
Celsian  (*)FeldsparBa(Al2Si2O8)1000541186756100
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)10005411867564979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O19601900186755925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S1960746.4286755,867575707
Chalcophanite  (*)NoneZnMn4+3O7·3H2O757.4746.4186757197
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS21960541386755,86756,8675727198
Chamosite  (*)Chlorite Clay(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)81000541186756577
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O1000541286756,867573531
Churchite-(Y)  (*)GypsumY(PO4)·2H2O757.4746.418675770
Copper  (*)CopperCu1960541286755,867563846
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O161000541186756227
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS757.4746.41867574165
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S31000541186756802
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O196019001867552970
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)210005411867569895
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS1000541286756,8675724243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)10005411867567437
Gold  (*)CopperAu100054118675630554
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS757.4746.4186757717
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O1000541286756,867576890
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O1000541286756,867571689
Herbertsmithite  (*)AtacamiteCu3Zn(OH)6Cl2757.4746.418675721
Hetaerolite  (*)SpinelZnMn3+2O4757.4746.418675773
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH757.4746.4186757367
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)6757.4746.41867571066
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)610005411867562228
Kutnohorite  (*)NoneCaMn2+(CO3)21000541186756234
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)21960746.4286755,8675712537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS210005411867565674
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2196019001867555800
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)21960190018675517380
Norsethite  (*)NoneBaMg(CO3)2100054118675630
Parádsasvárite  (*)MalachiteZn2(CO3)(OH)2757.4746.41867577
Paratacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)Cl2(OH)6757.4746.4186757158
Pseudomalachite  (*)NoneCu5(PO4)2(OH)4757.4746.4186757369
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS21960541386755,86756,8675739462
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S81000541286756,867579056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO21000541286756,8675761156
Romanèchite  (*)None(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10757.4746.4186757312
Sauconite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Zn3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O757.4746.418675756
Scholzite  (*)NoneCaZn2(PO4)2·2H2O757.4746.418675720
Skorpionite  (*)NoneCa3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2·H2O757.4746.41867572
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)1000541286756,867572473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS1000541286756,8675721482
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS1000541186756332
Tarbuttite  (*)TarbuttiteZn2(PO4)(OH)757.4746.418675711
Witherite  (*)AragoniteBa(CO3)1000541186756251
Zincolibethenite  (*)AndalusiteCuZn(PO4)(OH)757.4746.418675711


6 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
PorphCu-00438196019001960–1900      Bornite, Chalcanthite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Copper, Cuprite, Molybdenite, PyriteCu206332Lorelei Cu-Mo Deposit, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, NamibiaLoreleiSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 
JG104_459_0001747735741 ± 6Pb-Pbhost rockzircon   Zircon  5862Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, NamibiaRosh pinah formation of the Gariep BeltFrimmel (1996) JG104_459 
JG104_459_0002751745748 ± 3Pb-Pbhost rockzircon   Zircon  5862Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, NamibiaRosh pinah formation of the Gariep BeltFrimmel (1996) JG104_459 
sedexmvt-001871000541Neoproterozoic host rock age      5862Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, NamibiaRosh PinahTaylor et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009_1297 
sedznpb-00340747735741±6        5862Rosh Pinah Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, NamibiaRosh PinahSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
sedznpb-00341757.4746.4751.9±5.5        69400Skorpion Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, NamibiaSkorpionSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R150008Skorpion Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund, Karas Region, Namibiahttps://rruff.info/R150008

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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