Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
South Kivu, DR Congo

Oldest recorded age at locality: 975.3
Youngest recorded age at locality: 969.3

mindat Locality ID: 188715
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-188715.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "South Kivu, DR Congo": 11
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 8

Number of Child Localities: 6
Child Localities:
Bukavu
Fizi
Kachuba Tin Mine
Lake Kivu
Mwenga
Nyabibwe

Latitude: 4°1'37"S
Longitude: 28°22'37"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -4.0269444444444,28.376944444444

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Alunite	Amorphous	Amphibole	Apatite	Arseniosiderite	Arsenopyrite	Arthurite	Autunite	Beryl	Calcite
Chalcopyrite	Clay	Columbite	Copper	Feldspar	Fluorite	Garnet	Jahnsite	Kaolinite	Marcasite
Meta-autunite	Mica	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Phosphuranylite	Pyrite	Quartz	Rockbridgeite	Rocksalt
Rutile	Scheelite	Sphalerite	Staurolite	Stibnite	Talc	Turquoise	Wavellite	Zircon

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al As Au Be C Ca Ce Cu F Fe H K Li Mg Mn Na Nb O P Pb S Sb Si Sn Sr Ta Th U V W Y Zn Zr

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Alunite Amorphous Amphibole Apatite Arseniosiderite Arsenopyrite Arthurite Autunite Beryl Calcite
Chalcopyrite Clay Columbite Copper Feldspar Fluorite Garnet Jahnsite Kaolinite Marcasite
Meta-autunite Mica Nickeline None Not in a structural group Phosphuranylite Pyrite Quartz Rockbridgeite Rocksalt
Rutile Scheelite Sphalerite Staurolite Stibnite Talc Turquoise Wavellite Zircon

75 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Afmite ()*	Albite ()*	Althupite ()*	Amblygonite ()*
Arsenopyrite ()*	Aurostibite ()*	Autunite ()*	Benauite ()*	Bermanite ()*
Beryl ()*	Calcite ()*	Cassiterite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Columbite-(Fe) ()*
Crandallite ()*	Dumontite ()*	Evansite ()*	Eylettersite ()*	Frondelite ()*
Furongite ()*	Galena ()*	Gibbsite ()*	Gold ()*	Goyazite ()*
Graphite ()*	Grossular ()*	Hydroxylapatite ()*	Kamitugaite ()*	Kaolinite ()*
Keckite ()*	Kobokoboite ()*	Lithiophorite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Meta-autunite ()*
Metavanmeersscheite ()*	Meymacite ()*	Microcline ()*	Mitridatite ()*	Monohydrocalcite ()*
Montebrasite ()*	Moreauite ()*	Mundite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Orthoclase ()*
Phosphuranylite ()*	Phuralumite ()*	Planerite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*
Quartz ()*	Ranunculite ()*	Rockbridgeite ()*	Rutherfordine ()*	Saléeite ()*
Scheelite ()*	Scorodite ()*	Spessartine ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Staurolite ()*
Stibnite ()*	Studtite ()*	Talc ()*	Tantalite-(Fe) ()*	Tantalite-(Mn) ()*
Threadgoldite ()*	Triangulite ()*	Upalite ()*	Uraninite ()*	Vanmeersscheite ()*
Variscite ()*	Wakefieldite-(Ce) ()*	Wavellite ()*	Xenotime-(Y) ()*	Zircon ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	975.3	969.3	1	48907	3419
Afmite ()*	None	Al₃(OH)₄(H₂O)₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)·H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	3
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	975.3	969.3	1	48908	8803
Althupite ()*	Not in a structural group	AlTh(UO₂)₇(PO₄)₄O₂(OH)₅·15H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	1
Amblygonite ()*	None	LiAl(PO₄)F	975.3	969.3	1	48908	244
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	975.3	969.3	2	48907,48908	9052
Aurostibite ()*	Pyrite	AuSb₂	975.3	969.3	1	48907	73
Autunite ()*	Autunite	Ca(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·10-12H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	1272
Benauite ()*	Alunite	SrFe³⁺₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆	975.3	969.3	1	48908	3
Bermanite ()*	Arthurite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂(PO₄)₂(OH)₂·4H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	55
Beryl ()*	Beryl	Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈	975.3	969.3	1	48908	4286
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)	975.3	969.3	1	48907	27770
Cassiterite ()*	Rutile	SnO₂	975.3	969.3	4	48904,48907,48908,48911	5171
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	975.3	969.3	1	48907	27198
Columbite-(Fe) ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺Nb₂O₆	975.3	969.3	1	48906	518
Crandallite ()*	Alunite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆	975.3	969.3	1	48908	310
Dumontite ()*	None	Pb₂(UO₂)₃O₂(PO₄)₂·5H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	20
Evansite ()*	Amorphous	Al₃(PO₄)(OH)₆·8H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	56
Eylettersite ()*	Alunite	Th_0.75Al₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₆	975.3	969.3	1	48908	2
Frondelite ()*	Rockbridgeite	(Mn²⁺_0.5Fe³⁺_0.5)₂Fe³⁺₃(PO₄)₃(OH)₅	975.3	969.3	1	48908	52
Furongite ()*	None	Al₄(UO₂)₄(PO₄)₆(OH)₂(H₂O)_19.5	975.3	969.3	1	48908	2
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	975.3	969.3	1	48907	24243
Gibbsite ()*	None	Al(OH)₃	975.3	969.3	1	48908	504
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	975.3	969.3	2	48903,48907	30554
Goyazite ()*	Alunite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆	975.3	969.3	1	48908	173
Graphite ()*	None	C	975.3	969.3	1	48907	2812
Grossular ()*	Garnet	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	975.3	969.3	1	48907	1544
Hydroxylapatite ()*	Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃OH	975.3	969.3	1	48908	367
Kamitugaite ()*	None	PbAl(UO₂)₅(PO₄)₃O₂(OH)₂(H₂O)_11.5	975.3	969.3	1	48908	2
Kaolinite ()*	Clay Kaolinite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄	975.3	969.3	1	48907	5591
Keckite ()*	Jahnsite	CaMn(Fe³⁺,Mn)₂Fe³⁺₂(PO₄)₄(OH)₃·7H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	10
Kobokoboite ()*	None	Al₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₆·11H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	3
Lithiophorite ()*	None	(Al,Li)(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂(OH)₂	975.3	969.3	1	48908	210
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	975.3	969.3	1	48907	5674
Meta-autunite ()*	Meta-autunite	Ca(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂·6H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	388
Metavanmeersscheite ()*	None	U(UO₂)₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₆·2H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	4
Meymacite ()*	None	WO₃·2H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48909	10
Microcline ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	975.3	969.3	2	48907,48908	4924
Mitridatite ()*	Arseniosiderite	Ca₂Fe³⁺₃O₂(PO₄)₃·3H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	129
Monohydrocalcite ()*	None	Ca(CO₃)·H₂O			1	48905	55
Montebrasite ()*	None	LiAl(PO₄)(OH)	975.3	969.3	1	48908	200
Moreauite ()*	None	Al₃(UO₂)(PO₄)₃(OH)₂·13H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	2
Mundite ()*	None	Al(UO₂)₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₃·5.5H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	3
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	975.3	969.3	2	48907,48908	17380
Orthoclase ()*	Feldspar	K(AlSi₃O₈)	975.3	969.3	1	48907	2349
Phosphuranylite ()*	Phosphuranylite	KCa(H₃O)₃(UO₂)₇(PO₄)₄O₄·8H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	182
Phuralumite ()*	None	Al₂[(UO₂)₃(PO₄)₂O(OH)](OH)₃(H₂O)₉	975.3	969.3	1	48908	1
Planerite ()*	Turquoise	Al₆(PO₄)₂(PO₃OH)₂(OH)₈·4H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	43
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	975.3	969.3	1	48907	39462
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	975.3	969.3	1	48907	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	975.3	969.3	2	48907,48908	61156
Ranunculite ()*	None	Al(UO₂)(PO₃OH)(OH)₃·4H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	1
Rockbridgeite ()*	Rockbridgeite	(Fe²⁺_0.5Fe³⁺_0.5)₂Fe³⁺₃(PO₄)₃(OH)₅	975.3	969.3	1	48908	206
Rutherfordine ()*	None	(UO₂)(CO₃)	975.3	969.3	1	48908	58
Saléeite ()*	None	Mg(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂(H₂O)₁₀	975.3	969.3	1	48908	95
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)	975.3	969.3	1	48907	4894
Scorodite ()*	None	Fe³⁺(AsO₄)·2H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	1153
Spessartine ()*	Garnet	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃	975.3	969.3	1	48907	1214
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	975.3	969.3	1	48907	21482
Staurolite ()*	Staurolite	Fe²⁺₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH)	975.3	969.3	1	48907	978
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃	975.3	969.3	1	48907	3418
Studtite ()*	None	(UO₂)(O₂)(H₂O)₂·2H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	25
Talc ()*	Clay Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	975.3	969.3	1	48907	3337
Tantalite-(Fe) ()*	Columbite	Fe²⁺Ta₂O₆	975.3	969.3	1	48906	99
Tantalite-(Mn) ()*	Columbite	Mn²⁺Ta₂O₆	975.3	969.3	1	48906	211
Threadgoldite ()*	None	Al(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂(OH)·8H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	9
Triangulite ()*	None	Al₃(UO₂)₄(PO₄)₄(OH)₅·5H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	2
Upalite ()*	None	Al(UO₂)₃(PO₄)₂O(OH)·7H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	3
Uraninite ()*	Fluorite	UO₂	975.3	969.3	1	48908	2718
Vanmeersscheite ()*	None	U(UO₂)₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₆·4H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	8
Variscite ()*	None	Al(PO₄)·2H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	301
Wakefieldite-(Ce) ()*	Zircon	CeVO₄	975.3	969.3	1	48908	9
Wavellite ()*	Wavellite	Al₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₃·5H₂O	975.3	969.3	1	48908	374
Xenotime-(Y) ()*	Zircon	Y(PO₄)	975.3	969.3	1	48908	939
Zircon ()*	Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)	975.3	969.3	1	48908	5251

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Alexandra-0228	975.3	969.3	972.3±3	U-Pb	Age of Nb-Ta mineralization		columbite-(fe), columbite-(mn)	115					Ta, Nb	262105	Mwenga, South Kivu, DR Congo	Mwimbi	Melcher et al. (2015)	10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.09.003	OGR64_667

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL
R140862	Kobokobo Pegmatite, Mwenga, South Kivu, DR Congo	https://rruff.info/R140862

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...