Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Allophane	Amphibole	Aragonite	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Calcite	Chalcopyrite	Clay	Clinozoisite	Copper
Corundum	Covellite	Cubanite	Diaspore	Enargite	Epidote	Feldspar	Löllingite	Malachite	Marcasite
Mica	Molybdenite	Nickeline	None	Not in a structural group	Palygorskite	Pentlandite	Pyrite	Pyroxene	Quartz
Rocksalt	Rutile	Scheelite	Smectite-vermiculite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Tetrahedrite	Wurtzite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba C Ca Cr Cu Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na Ni O Pb S Sb Si Sr Te Ti W Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Allophane Amphibole Aragonite Arsenopyrite Baryte Calcite Chalcopyrite Clay Clinozoisite Copper
Corundum Covellite Cubanite Diaspore Enargite Epidote Feldspar Löllingite Malachite Marcasite
Mica Molybdenite Nickeline None Not in a structural group Palygorskite Pentlandite Pyrite Pyroxene Quartz
Rocksalt Rutile Scheelite Smectite-vermiculite Sphalerite Spinel Tetrahedrite Wurtzite

54 IMA Minerals at location:

Actinolite ()*	Albite ()*	Altaite ()*	Alunite ()*	Ankerite ()*
Arsenopyrite ()*	Augite ()*	Azurite ()*	Baryte ()*	Bornite ()*
Calcite ()*	Celestine ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*	Chromite ()*
Chrysocolla ()*	Covellite ()*	Cubanite ()*	Diopside ()*	Enargite ()*
Epidote ()*	Galena ()*	Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Hematite ()*
Hydrozincite ()*	Ilmenite ()*	Jamesonite ()*	Löllingite ()*	Mackinawite ()*
Magnetite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Molybdenite ()*	Molybdite ()*
Montmorillonite ()*	Muscovite ()*	Nickeline ()*	Palygorskite ()*	Pentlandite ()*
Powellite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*	Quartz ()*
Scheelite ()*	Silver ()*	Smithsonite ()*	Sphalerite ()*	Strontianite ()*
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tremolite ()*	Violarite ()*	Witherite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe²⁺_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	130146	3419
Albite ()*	Feldspar	Na(AlSi₃O₈)			1	130146	8803
Altaite ()*	Rocksalt	PbTe			1	130099	489
Alunite ()*	None	KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆			1	130146	966
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂			7	130118,130119,130123,130132,130144,130150,130178	3092
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	65.5	2.6	13	130117,130119,130135,130138,130141,130142,130143,130144,130145,130148,130152,130156,130164	9052
Augite ()*	Pyroxene	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Si₂O₆			1	130179	2060
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂			1	130095	5509
Baryte ()*	Baryte	Ba(SO₄)			4	130123,130128,130132,130148	11547
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄			5	130095,130099,130130,130146,130154	5516
Calcite ()*	Calcite	Ca(CO₃)			21	130095,130100,130118,130119,130141,130142,130143,130145,130146,130148,130150,130151,130152,130154,130162,130166,130168,130170,130171,130178,130184	27770
Celestine ()*	Baryte	Sr(SO₄)			1	130132	1252
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S			1	130154	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	270	2.6	44	130095,130099,130100,130117,130118,130119,130120,130121,130125,130128,130129,130132,130135,130136,130137,130138,130144,130145,130146,130147,130151,130152,130154,130157,130158,130159,130160,130161,130162,130163,130164,130165,130167,130168,130169,130170,130173,130174,130179,130180,130182,130183,130184,130185	27198
Chromite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Cr₂O₄			1	130099	3902
Chrysocolla ()*	Allophane	(Cu_2-xAl_x)H_2-xSi₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O			3	130101,130146,130157	3531
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS			1	130183	4165
Cubanite ()*	Cubanite Wurtzite	CuFe₂S₃			1	130099	802
Diopside ()*	Pyroxene	CaMgSi₂O₆			1	130172	4135
Enargite ()*	Enargite Wurtzite	Cu₃AsS₄			1	130146	910
Epidote ()*	Epidote Clinozoisite	Ca₂(Al₂Fe³⁺)[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O(OH)	65.5	2.6	5	130117,130137,130146,130164,130172	8173
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	270	270	11	130094,130097,130119,130141,130144,130145,130147,130148,130149,130174,130182	24243
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)			1	130179	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	65.5	2.6	14	130094,130097,130117,130132,130141,130142,130143,130144,130145,130148,130149,130153,130181,130186	30554
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃			2	130149,130182	14640
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆			1	130171	1066
Ilmenite ()*	Corundum	Fe²⁺Ti⁴⁺O₃			3	130099,130129,130134	5433
Jamesonite ()*	None	Pb₄FeSb₆S₁₄			1	130151	784
Löllingite ()*	Löllingite	FeAs₂			1	130184	762
Mackinawite ()*	None	(Fe,Ni)_1+xS (x = 0-0.07)			1	130099	451
Magnetite ()*	Spinel	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄			9	130099,130129,130146,130154,130166,130168,130173,130176,130183	14899
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂			8	130095,130101,130118,130146,130154,130157,130174,130182	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂			1	130145	5674
Molybdenite ()*	Molybdenite	MoS₂	65.5	2.6	12	130117,130146,130157,130159,130165,130169,130172,130173,130177,130180,130182,130185	5800
Molybdite ()*	None	MoO₃			1	130182	140
Montmorillonite ()*	Clay Smectite-vermiculite	(Na,Ca)_0.3(Al,Mg)₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂·nH₂O			1	130182	1508
Muscovite ()*	Mica Clay	KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	65.5	2.6	3	130117,130142,130174	17380
Nickeline ()*	Nickeline	NiAs			1	130099	633
Palygorskite ()*	Palygorskite Clay	(Mg,Al)₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)·4H₂O	65.5	2.6	1	130098	306
Pentlandite ()*	Pentlandite	(Ni,Fe)₉S₈			1	130099	1512
Powellite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(MoO₄)			1	130172	494
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	270	2.6	52	130094,130095,130097,130099,130117,130118,130119,130120,130122,130123,130124,130125,130126,130128,130129,130131,130132,130135,130136,130137,130138,130139,130142,130143,130144,130145,130146,130147,130148,130151,130152,130154,130156,130158,130160,130161,130162,130163,130164,130165,130166,130167,130168,130169,130170,130171,130173,130174,130179,130180,130183,130184	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂			1	130154	3106
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	270	2.6	18	130095,130117,130129,130133,130135,130137,130139,130146,130147,130152,130159,130161,130165,130167,130170,130179,130182,130183	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	65.5	2.6	39	130094,130095,130097,130101,130117,130118,130119,130120,130123,130128,130138,130139,130141,130142,130143,130144,130145,130146,130148,130149,130150,130152,130153,130156,130160,130161,130162,130165,130166,130168,130169,130170,130173,130174,130177,130178,130180,130182,130185	61156
Scheelite ()*	Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)	65.5	2.6	6	130117,130120,130152,130172,130177,130185	4894
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag			3	130132,130144,130150	5186
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)			1	130171	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	270	2.6	20	130095,130097,130117,130119,130132,130138,130141,130144,130145,130147,130148,130154,130156,130171,130174,130175,130179,130180,130182,130183	21482
Strontianite ()*	Aragonite	Sr(CO₃)			1	130132	589
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃			4	130146,130150,130151,130154	5317
Tremolite ()*	Amphibole	Ca₂(Mg_5.0-4.5Fe²⁺_0.0-0.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂			1	130154	2562
Violarite ()*	Spinel	FeNi₂S₄			1	130099	380
Witherite ()*	Aragonite	Ba(CO₃)			1	130132	251

2 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	PorphCu-00237	65.5	2.6	Tertiary									Arsenopyrite, Chalcopyrite, Epidote, Molybdenite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Scheelite, Sphalerite	Cu	198741	Margerie Glacier Prospect (Margarie Glacier Prospect; Porcupine Prospect), Glacier Bay District, Juneau District, Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska, USA	Margerie Glacier	Singer et al. (2008)		USGSOFR2008_1155
	vms-00997	270	270	Permian										S	199267	Orange Point Deposit Prospects, Juneau District, Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska, USA	Orange Point	Moiser et al. (2009)		USGSOFR2009_1034

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...