Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

Important Update News

The RRUFF Project has been migrated to RRUFF.net. Please update your bookmarks immediately, if you have not done so.

The data on this website is already three years out of date, and the entire website will be taken offline before the end of the year.

We are grateful to NASA for the funding of this effort.




The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Williams Lake, Cariboo Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

Oldest recorded age at locality: 217
Youngest recorded age at locality: 202

mindat Locality ID: 214292
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-214292.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Williams Lake, Cariboo Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada": 4
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 4

Number of Child Localities: 4
Child Localities:
Boss Mountain Mine
Gibraltar Mine
Mount Polly Mine (Mount Polley Mine; Cariboo Bell Mine)
Takomkane Volcano

Latitude: 52°23'22"N
Longitude: 121°36'42"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 52.389444444444,-121.61166666667

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al Au Ba Bi C Ca Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O Pb S Sb Si Ti W Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AluniteAmphiboleCalciteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCorundumCovelliteDiaspore
DigeniteEpidoteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGypsumHarmotomeMalachiteMeneghiniteMica
MolybdeniteNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePyritePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheelite
SphaleriteSpinelStibniteTalcTetrahedriteTitaniteTridymiteZircon

47 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Aikinite  (*)Albite  (*)Anatase  (*)Andradite  (*)
Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Augite  (*)Azurite  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)
Bornite  (*)Calcite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Copper  (*)
Covellite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Digenite  (*)Diopside  (*)Epidote  (*)
Ferrimolybdite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Forsterite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)
Gold  (*)Gypsum  (*)Harmotome  (*)Hematite  (*)Jarosite  (*)
Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Nepheline  (*)
Powellite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rutile  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Talc  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)
Titanite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2202202229585,295873419
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS3129585315
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)202202229585,295878803
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO21295852162
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)31295851534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)217202229586,295871588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)21295853092
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O61295882060
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)22022021295875509
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S31295851935
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4217202329585,29586,295875516
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)12958527770
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S217202229586,295875707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS2217202329585,29586,2958727198
Copper  (*)CopperCu217202229586,295873846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS217202229586,295874165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O2172031295862970
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S2172031295861027
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O62022021295874135
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)217202329585,29586,295878173
Ferrimolybdite  (*)NoneFe3+2(Mo6+O4)3·7H2O129585345
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF21295859617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)1295881188
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS12958524243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)2172031295867437
Gold  (*)CopperAu20220212958730554
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O2172031295866890
Harmotome  (*)HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32·12H2O129585290
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3202202229585,2958714640
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)61295852228
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4217202429585,29586,29587,2958814899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2202202229585,2958712537
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2217202329585,29586,295875800
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2217202329585,29586,2958717380
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)129588884
Powellite  (*)ScheeliteCa(MoO4)129585494
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2217202329585,29586,2958739462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO21295853106
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO212958561156
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO21295855614
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)1295854894
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS217203229585,2958621482
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)21295853337
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO2172031295861101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S131295855317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1295854899
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1295855251



2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
PorphCu-00469217203217–203      Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Copper, Covellite, Epidote, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Pyrite, SphaleriteCu206435Gibraltar Mine, Williams Lake, Cariboo Mining Division, British Columbia, CanadaGibraltarSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 
PorphCu-00471202202202      Actinolite, Albite, Anhydrite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Diopside, Epidote, Gold, Magnetite, Molybdenite, PyriteCu206438Mount Polly Mine (Mount Polley Mine; Cariboo Bell Mine), Williams Lake, Cariboo Mining Division, British Columbia, CanadaMt. PollySinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R050209Boss Mountain Mine, Williams Lake, Cariboo Mining Division, British Columbia, Canadahttps://rruff.info/R050209


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...

Other copyright data...