Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Imperial Co., California, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 106
Youngest recorded age at locality: 0

mindat Locality ID: 23730
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-23730.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Imperial Co., California, USA": 421
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 345

Number of Child Localities: 35
Child Localities:
4-S Ranch Area
Bertram
Black Hills
Blue Mountain
Brawley
Cactus
Cargo Muchacho Mts
Carrizo Creek
Chocolate Mts
Coyote Mts
Coyote Wells
Desert Shores
Dixieland
El Centro
Fish Creek Mts
Frink
Heber
Imperial Valley
Jacumba Mts
Little Mule Mts
Mount Signal (Mt. Signal)
Mule Mts (Palo Verde Mts)
Mundo (Volcano Station)
Niland
Ocotillo
Ogilby
Orita
Palo Verde Mts
Plaster City
Salton City
Salton Sea
Seeley
Westmorland
Winterhaven
Wister

Latitude: 33°1'14"N
Longitude: 115°32'4"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 33.020555555556,-115.53444444444

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H Hg K Mg Mn N Na Ni O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti U V W Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: As Fe H O 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAlumAluniteAmorphousAmphiboleAnalcimeAndalusiteApatiteAragonite
ArcaniteArsenopyriteAutuniteBaryteBlöditeCalciteChalcanthiteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisite
CopperCorundumCovelliteCristobaliteDescloiziteDiasporeDumortieriteEpidoteEpsomiteFeldspar
FluoriteGarnetGypsumHalotrichiteHexahydriteKaoliniteLazuliteMalachiteMicaNickeline
NoneNorthupiteNot in a structural groupOlivinePhenakitePicromeritePrehnitePyritePyrophyllitePyroxene
QuartzRamsdelliteRinneiteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSerpentineSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinel
StarkeyiteStauroliteSulphurTamarugiteTetrahedriteTitaniteTourmalineTridymiteTurquoiseVoltaite
Wollastonite

126 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Albite  (*)Almandine  (*)Andalusite  (*)
Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Antigorite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)
Autunite  (*)Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Blödite  (*)Bornite  (*)
Boussingaultite  (*)Calcite  (*)Carnotite  (*)Celestine  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)Chrysocolla  (*)Chrysotile  (*)
Cinnabar  (*)Claudetite  (*)Copper  (*)Covellite  (*)Cristobalite  (*)
Cuprite  (*)Descloizite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Dumortierite  (*)
Enstatite  (*)Epidote  (*)Epsomite  (*)Fayalite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)
Fluorite  (*)Forsterite  (*)Galena  (*)Glauberite  (*)Goethite  (*)
Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)Grossular  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halite  (*)
Halotrichite  (*)Hematite  (*)Hexahydrite  (*)Hydromagnesite  (*)Jarosite  (*)
Kaolinite  (*)Koktaite  (*)Konyaite  (*)Kyanite  (*)Lazulite  (*)
Lecontite  (*)Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)
Mascagnite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)Microcline  (*)Mirabilite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)
Morenosite  (*)Mottramite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)Népouite  (*)
Nesquehonite  (*)Niter  (*)Nitratine  (*)Northupite  (*)Opal  (*)
Orthoclase  (*)Pentahydrite  (*)Pickeringite  (*)Polyhalite  (*)Prehnite  (*)
Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Ramsdellite  (*)Realgar  (*)Romanèchite  (*)Rutile  (*)Salammoniac  (*)
Saltonseaite  (*)Scheelite  (*)Schorl  (*)Scorodite  (*)Scorzalite  (*)
Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Starkeyite  (*)Staurolite  (*)
Stromeyerite  (*)Strontianite  (*)Sulphur  (*)Svanbergite  (*)Sylvite  (*)
Tamarugite  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Thénardite  (*)Titanite  (*)
Torbernite  (*)Tremolite  (*)Tridymite  (*)Tschermigite  (*)Turquoise  (*)
Uranophane-α  (*)Vanthoffite  (*)Voltaite  (*)Wairakite  (*)Willemite  (*)
Wollastonite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S3156612,156619,1566302793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)211568233419
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)2156536,1568708803
Almandine  (*)GarnetFe2+3Al2(SiO4)311565362353
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO53156511,156535,1565361310
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)4156741,156751,156801,1568831588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)23156588,156591,1568833092
Antigorite  (*)Serpentine ClayMg3Si2O5(OH)42156711,156868708
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)11568933250
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS2156491,1568829052
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O11565721272
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)227.423.96156495,156507,156641,156648,156672,1567425509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)10156535,156536,156612,156731,156761,156846,156852,156860,156864,15689311547
Blödite  (*)BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2·4H2O0.8030.65156478,156801,156877,156878,156879130
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS411564955516
Boussingaultite  (*)Picromerite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2·6H2O2156877,15687830
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)10623.921156482,156493,156571,156572,156587,156588,156591,156609,156612,156621,156693,156709,156730,156787,156793,156796,156801,156811,156846,156855,15688327770
Carnotite  (*)NoneK2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O5156490,156535,156536,156568,1565721184
Celestine  (*)BaryteSr(SO4)2156755,1567631252
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)3522.92156612,1566554979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S2156495,1568825707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS227.423.98156495,156504,156612,156648,156672,156681,156882,15688327198
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl11566121382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O3156495,156555,1566213531
Chrysotile  (*)Serpentine ClayMg3Si2O5(OH)41156868951
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS11568012600
Claudetite  (*)NoneAs2O3115647535
Copper  (*)CopperCu11564953846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS11564954165
Cristobalite  (*)CristobaliteSiO21156875453
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O2156495,1565072970
Descloizite  (*)DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)1156493378
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61061025156776,156781,156787,156788,1568204135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)23156588,156591,1568939895
Dumortierite  (*)DumortieriteAlAl6BSi3O1827.423.93156577,156698,156831231
Enstatite  (*)PyroxeneMg2Si2O61156711944
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)1061026156771,156780,156781,156883,156884,1568918173
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O5156547,156711,156801,156868,156877484
Fayalite  (*)OlivineFe2+2(SiO4)1156803371
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F11565352740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF22156568,1568529617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)352111566491188
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS3522.96156493,156605,156612,156655,156681,15688324243
Glauberite  (*)NoneNa2Ca(SO4)20.8030.62156478,156874137
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)27.423.93156493,156571,1566937437
Gold  (*)CopperAu1062137156493,156495,156498,156499,156502,156504,156507,156512,156529,156531,156536,156538,156553,156566,156571,156575,156577,156586,156587,156588,156591,156603,156605,156630,156652,156654,156657,156663,156666,156667,156675,156688,156693,156703,156777,156778,15681430554
Graphite  (*)NoneC1061026156717,156724,156727,156728,156780,1568292812
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)32156738,1567931544
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O28156475,156482,156536,156548,156568,156572,156713,156722,156741,156743,156745,156749,156751,156752,156753,156754,156755,156756,156757,156758,156759,156760,156801,156853,156858,156871,156877,1568786890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl8156582,156741,156767,156874,156877,156878,156881,1568931398
Halotrichite  (*)HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4·22H2O1156801409
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O327.423.914156482,156511,156536,156616,156622,156623,156657,156693,156707,156814,156818,156846,156852,15688314640
Hexahydrite  (*)HexahydriteMg(SO4)·6H2O1156801251
Hydromagnesite  (*)NoneMg5(CO3)4(OH)2·4H2O1156893341
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)63156493,156495,1565362228
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)42156475,1567065591
Koktaite  (*)None(NH4)2Ca(SO4)2·H2O2156877,15687812
Konyaite  (*)PicromeriteNa2Mg(SO4)2·5H2O115687920
Kyanite  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2OSiO46156511,156535,156536,156537,156568,1565771507
Lazulite  (*)LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)21156535232
Lecontite  (*)None(NH4)Na(SO4)·2H2O2156877,1568786
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)11568931487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O427.423.95156536,156585,156623,156693,15689114899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)227.423.97156495,156507,156555,156641,156648,156672,15674212537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)1156628770
Mascagnite  (*)Arcanite(NH4)2(SO4)2156877,15687861
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O1156578443
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)27.423.911566934924
Mirabilite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)·10H2O0.8030.62156478,156878223
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O1061022156792,1568181508
Morenosite  (*)EpsomiteNi(SO4)·7H2O2156711,15686884
Mottramite  (*)DescloizitePbCu(VO4)(OH)1156493362
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)227.423.910156511,156536,156537,156657,156672,156693,156709,156720,156821,15684817380
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)61156801254
Népouite  (*)Serpentine ClayNi3Si2O5(OH)42156711,15686866
Nesquehonite  (*)NoneMg(CO3)·3H2O115689380
Niter  (*)NoneK(NO3)1156799181
Nitratine  (*)CalciteNa(NO3)2156801,15687991
Northupite  (*)NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl115689331
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O11566062994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)27.423.911566722349
Pentahydrite  (*)ChalcanthiteMg(SO4)·5H2O115680132
Pickeringite  (*)HalotrichiteMgAl2(SO4)4·22H2O1156801265
Polyhalite  (*)NoneK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4·2H2O1156893102
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)211567711898
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS227.423.911156495,156504,156518,156586,156587,156588,156591,156612,156693,156882,15688339462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO26156626,156628,156636,156846,156852,1568553106
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)24156535,156536,156568,156830771
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S811568839056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO210623.950156480,156485,156490,156493,156511,156518,156520,156522,156524,156536,156544,156545,156555,156571,156572,156586,156587,156588,156591,156593,156606,156609,156612,156621,156657,156693,156694,156705,156709,156714,156720,156750,156776,156778,156780,156786,156787,156788,156814,156815,156818,156821,156823,156838,156842,156850,156858,156859,156871,15689361156
Ramsdellite  (*)RamsdelliteMnO2115662888
Realgar  (*)NoneAsS1156475712
Romanèchite  (*)None(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O101156838312
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO22156535,1565365614
Salammoniac  (*)None(NH4)Cl3156801,156877,156878105
Saltonseaite  (*)RinneiteK3NaMnCl611568742
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)1061026156485,156495,156497,156782,156815,1568204894
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)3156511,156535,1567092705
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O106001153
Scorzalite  (*)LazuliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)22156535,15653660
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)11567076417
Silver  (*)CopperAg27.423.94156495,156496,156630,1566935186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS1061024156495,156612,156784,15688321482
Starkeyite  (*)StarkeyiteMg(SO4)·4H2O115680179
Staurolite  (*)StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)1156535978
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS1156882332
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)1156893589
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS7156475,156582,156708,156713,156801,156877,1568782045
Svanbergite  (*)AluniteSrAl3(SO4)(PO4)(OH)62156535,156536105
Sylvite  (*)RocksaltKCl2156874,156878275
Tamarugite  (*)TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2·6H2O2156801,15687887
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO27.423.92156507,1566721101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1327.423.92156650,1568825317
Thénardite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)0.8030.65156478,156801,156877,156878,156893299
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O4156771,156814,156874,1568834899
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O2156568,1565721059
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)211568202562
Tridymite  (*)TridymiteSiO21156875458
Tschermigite  (*)Alum(NH4)Al(SO4)2·12H2O2156877,15687881
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O2156614,156617484
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O1156810890
Vanthoffite  (*)NoneNa6Mg(SO4)40.8030.6115647816
Voltaite  (*)VoltaiteK2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12·18H2O1156801111
Wairakite  (*)AnalcimeCa(Si4Al2)O12·2H2O115677173
Willemite  (*)PhenakiteZn2SiO41156612303
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO311567381247



19 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
NAVDAT-631980.640.60.62±0.02   63198    211730Bertram Siding, Bertram, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-632040.8030.6570.73±0.073   63204    211730Bertram Siding, Bertram, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-16044272124±3   16044    296644Pebble Mountain, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-16046272124±3   16046    77038Goshen Placer Mine, Pebble Mountain, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-1600824.122.923.5±0.6   16008    77093Mayflower Mine, Pebble Mountain, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-53543528.631.8±3.2  plagioclase5354    77093Mayflower Mine, Pebble Mountain, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-1601928.425.226.8±1.6   16019    77099Million Dollar Gold Mine, Pebble Mountain, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
Giersdorf_0000039027.424.225.8±1.6K-ArAge suspected to be older than the Kinter formation found in the Chocolate Mountains. UAKA-68-09    216264Picacho, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USAPicacho Peak Quad.Shafiqullah et al. (1980) AGSD12_201 
Giersdorf_0000039126.923.925.4±1.5K-Ar  UAKA-67-01    216264Picacho, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USAPicacho Peak Quad.Shafiqullah et al. (1980) AGSD12_201 
NAVDAT-1599724.122.923.5±0.6   15997    77039Gulch Placer Mine (California Picacho; Picacho Basin Placers), Picacho, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-1599924.122.923.5±0.6   15999    77039Gulch Placer Mine (California Picacho; Picacho Basin Placers), Picacho, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-16030272124±3   16030    296626Picacho Peak, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-1604122.421.221.8±0.6   16041    296626Picacho Peak, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-16048272124±3   16048    296626Picacho Peak, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-16049272124±3   16049    296626Picacho Peak, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-1600924.122.923.5±0.6   16009    76974California Picacho Mine, Picacho Peak, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-16045272124±3   16045    77144Roadside Mine (Picacho Peak Project; Christie), Picacho Peak, Picacho District, Chocolate Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-126143106102104±2   126143    222161Boulder Park, Jacumba District, Jacumba Mts, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 
NAVDAT-295751.800.9±0.9   29575    77173Superlite Pumice Deposit, Niland, Imperial Co., California, USA NAVDAT NAVDAT 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R050561Cargo Muchacho Mts, Imperial Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050561
X050132Ogilby, Imperial Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/X050132
R070322Salton Sea, Imperial Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R070322
R060649Salton Sea, Imperial Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R060649
R120131Salton Sea, Imperial Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R120131
R050166Salton Sea, Imperial Co., California, USAhttps://rruff.info/R050166


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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