Mineral Evolution Database

Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.

Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.

Locality Name:
Schutzbach, Betzdorf-Gebhardshain, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Oldest recorded age at locality: 354
Youngest recorded age at locality: 248

mindat Locality ID: 28304
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-28304.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Schutzbach, Betzdorf-Gebhardshain, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany": 2
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 2

Number of Child Localities: 2
Child Localities:
Grüneau Mine (Grüne Au Mine; Grünau Mine)
Pius Mine

Latitude: 50°45'19"N
Longitude: 7°53'52"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 50.755277777778,7.8977777777778

A	This mineral is Anthropogenic.
G	This mineral is directly dated.
B	This mineral is reported as having this age.
Y	This mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
O	This mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
R	The age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
P	The age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
	This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

Acanthite	Arsenic	Arsenopyrite	Baryte	Bismutite	Brochantite	Calcite	Caledonite	Chalcopyrite	Chalcostibite
Cobaltite	Copper	Corundum	Covellite	Devilline	Diaspore	Digenite	Enargite	Epsomite	Gypsum
Ktenasite	Löllingite	Lapieite	Lepidocrocite	Linarite	Malachite	Marcasite	Meneghinite	Millerite	Nickeline
None	Not in a structural group	Perovskite	Phosphosiderite	Pyrite	Pyrochlore	Quartz	Rocksalt	Roselite	Rutile
Skutterudite	Sphalerite	Spinel	Stibnite	Sulphur	Tetrahedrite	Ullmannite	Vivianite	Wurtzite	hauchecornite

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag As Au Bi C Ca Co Cu Fe H Mg Mn Ni O P Pb S Sb Sc Si Ti Zn

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality:

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality:
Acanthite Arsenic Arsenopyrite Baryte Bismutite Brochantite Calcite Caledonite Chalcopyrite Chalcostibite
Cobaltite Copper Corundum Covellite Devilline Diaspore Digenite Enargite Epsomite Gypsum
Ktenasite Löllingite Lapieite Lepidocrocite Linarite Malachite Marcasite Meneghinite Millerite Nickeline
None Not in a structural group Perovskite Phosphosiderite Pyrite Pyrochlore Quartz Rocksalt Roselite Rutile
Skutterudite Sphalerite Spinel Stibnite Sulphur Tetrahedrite Ullmannite Vivianite Wurtzite hauchecornite

80 IMA Minerals at location:

Acanthite ()*	Aikinite ()*	Alloclasite ()*	Anatase ()*	Anglesite ()*
Ankerite ()*	Annabergite ()*	Arsenopyrite ()*	Aurichalcite ()*	Azurite ()*
Bismite ()*	Bismuth ()*	Bismuthinite ()*	Bismutite ()*	Bornite ()*
Brochantite ()*	Caledonite ()*	Carrollite ()*	Chalcocite ()*	Chalcopyrite ()*
Cobaltite ()*	Copper ()*	Covellite ()*	Cuprite ()*	Cuprobismutite ()*
Delafossite ()*	Devilline ()*	Digenite ()*	Dolomite ()*	Emplectite ()*
Enargite ()*	Erythrite ()*	Euchroite ()*	Galena ()*	Glaucodot ()*
Goethite ()*	Gold ()*	Goslarite ()*	Hauchecornite ()*	Hematite ()*
Hydrozincite ()*	Kolbeckite ()*	Langite ()*	Lapieite ()*	Lepidocrocite ()*
Linarite ()*	Linnaeite ()*	Malachite ()*	Marcasite ()*	Millerite ()*
Morenosite ()*	Mückeite ()*	Nickelskutterudite ()*	Gersdorffite-Pa3 ()*	Parkerite ()*
Pharmacolite ()*	Polydymite ()*	Pyrite ()*	Pyrolusite ()*	Pyrrhotite ()*
Quartz ()*	Rhodochrosite ()*	Rosasite ()*	Roselite ()*	Schulenbergite ()*
Siderite ()*	Siegenite ()*	Silver ()*	Skutterudite ()*	Smithsonite ()*
Sphalerite ()*	Stibiconite ()*	Stibnite ()*	Sulphur ()*	Tennantite-(Fe) ()*
Tenorite ()*	Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Ullmannite ()*	Valentinite ()*	Wittichenite ()*

Mineral name	Structural Groups	IMA Formula	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	# of Sublocalities containing mineral	LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids	# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite ()*	Acanthite	Ag₂S	354	248	1	61070	2793
Aikinite ()*	Meneghinite	CuPbBiS₃	354	248	1	61070	315
Alloclasite ()*	Löllingite	CoAsS	354	248	1	61071	56
Anatase ()*	Not in a structural group	TiO₂	354	248	1	61071	2162
Anglesite ()*	Baryte	Pb(SO₄)	354	248	1	61070	2734
Ankerite ()*	None	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂	354	248	1	61070	3092
Annabergite ()*	Vivianite	Ni₃(AsO₄)₂·8H₂O	354	248	1	61070	445
Arsenopyrite ()*	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	354	248	1	61070	9052
Aurichalcite ()*	None	(Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	354	248	1	61070	919
Azurite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	354	248	1	61070	5509
Bismite ()*	None	Bi₂O₃	354	248	1	61070	214
Bismuth ()*	Arsenic	Bi	354	248	1	61070	1966
Bismuthinite ()*	Stibnite	Bi₂S₃	354	248	1	61070	1935
Bismutite ()*	Bismutite	Bi₂O₂(CO₃)	354	248	1	61070	716
Bornite ()*	None	Cu₅FeS₄	354	248	1	61070	5516
Brochantite ()*	Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆	354	248	1	61070	1633
Caledonite ()*	Caledonite	Cu₂Pb₅(SO₄)₃(CO₃)(OH)₆	354	248	1	61070	359
Carrollite ()*	Spinel	CuCo₂S₄	354	248	2	61070,61071	154
Chalcocite ()*	None	Cu₂S	354	248	1	61070	5707
Chalcopyrite ()*	Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂	354	248	2	61070,61071	27198
Cobaltite ()*	Cobaltite	CoAsS	354	248	1	61070	966
Copper ()*	Copper	Cu	354	248	1	61070	3846
Covellite ()*	Covellite	CuS	354	248	1	61070	4165
Cuprite ()*	Not in a structural group	Cu₂O	354	248	1	61070	2970
Cuprobismutite ()*	None	Cu₈AgBi₁₃S₂₄	354	248	1	61070	43
Delafossite ()*	None	Cu¹⁺Fe³⁺O₂	354	248	1	61070	144
Devilline ()*	Devilline	CaCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆·3H₂O	354	248	1	61070	366
Digenite ()*	Digenite	Cu_1.8S	354	248	1	61071	1027
Dolomite ()*	None	CaMg(CO₃)₂	354	248	1	61070	9895
Emplectite ()*	Chalcostibite	CuBiS₂	354	248	1	61070	246
Enargite ()*	Enargite Wurtzite	Cu₃AsS₄	354	248	1	61070	910
Erythrite ()*	Vivianite	Co₃(AsO₄)₂·8H₂O	354	248	1	61070	814
Euchroite ()*	None	Cu₂(AsO₄)(OH)·3H₂O	354	248	1	61070	24
Galena ()*	Rocksalt	PbS	354	248	1	61070	24243
Glaucodot ()*	Arsenopyrite	(Co_0.5Fe_0.5)AsS	354	248	1	61071	131
Goethite ()*	Diaspore	FeO(OH)	354	248	1	61070	7437
Gold ()*	Copper	Au	354	248	1	61070	30554
Goslarite ()*	Epsomite	Zn(SO₄)·7H₂O	354	248	1	61070	188
Hauchecornite ()*	hauchecornite	Ni₉BiSbS₈	354	248	1	61070	27
Hematite ()*	Corundum	Fe₂O₃	354	248	1	61070	14640
Hydrozincite ()*	None	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆	354	248	1	61070	1066
Kolbeckite ()*	Phosphosiderite	Sc(PO₄)·2H₂O	354	248	1	61071	26
Langite ()*	None	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆·2H₂O	354	248	1	61070	593
Lapieite ()*	Lapieite	CuNiSbS₃	354	248	1	61070	2
Lepidocrocite ()*	Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)	354	248	1	61070	581
Linarite ()*	Linarite	CuPb(SO₄)(OH)₂	354	248	1	61070	987
Linnaeite ()*	Spinel	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂S₄	354	248	1	61070	249
Malachite ()*	Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂	354	248	1	61070	12537
Marcasite ()*	Marcasite	FeS₂	354	248	1	61070	5674
Millerite ()*	Millerite	NiS	354	248	1	61070	1066
Morenosite ()*	Epsomite	Ni(SO₄)·7H₂O	354	248	1	61070	84
Mückeite ()*	Lapieite	CuNiBiS₃	354	248	1	61070	1
Nickelskutterudite ()*	Skutterudite Perovskite	(Ni,Co,Fe)As₃	354	248	1	61070	176
Gersdorffite-Pa3 ()*	Pyrite	NiAsS	354	248	1	61070	767
Parkerite ()*	None	Ni₃(Bi,Pb)₂S₂	354	248	1	61070	55
Pharmacolite ()*	Gypsum	Ca(AsO₃OH)·2H₂O	354	248	1	61070	105
Polydymite ()*	Spinel	Ni²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄	354	248	1	61070	131
Pyrite ()*	Pyrite	FeS₂	354	248	2	61070,61071	39462
Pyrolusite ()*	Rutile	MnO₂	354	248	1	61070	3106
Pyrrhotite ()*	Nickeline	Fe₇S₈	354	248	1	61070	9056
Quartz ()*	Quartz	SiO₂	354	248	1	61070	61156
Rhodochrosite ()*	Calcite	Mn(CO₃)	354	248	1	61070	1711
Rosasite ()*	Malachite	CuZn(CO₃)(OH)₂	354	248	1	61070	454
Roselite ()*	Roselite	Ca₂Co(AsO₄)₂·2H₂O	354	248	1	61070	23
Schulenbergite ()*	Ktenasite	(Cu,Zn)₇(SO₄)₂(OH)₁₀·3H₂O	354	248	1	61070	142
Siderite ()*	Calcite	Fe(CO₃)	354	248	2	61070,61071	6417
Siegenite ()*	Spinel	CoNi₂S₄	354	248	1	61070	249
Silver ()*	Copper	Ag	354	248	1	61070	5186
Skutterudite ()*	Skutterudite Perovskite	CoAs₃	354	248	1	61070	531
Smithsonite ()*	Calcite	Zn(CO₃)	354	248	1	61070	2473
Sphalerite ()*	Sphalerite	ZnS	354	248	1	61070	21482
Stibiconite ()*	Pyrochlore	Sb³⁺Sb⁵⁺₂O₆(OH)	354	248	1	61070	446
Stibnite ()*	Stibnite	Sb₂S₃	354	248	1	61070	3418
Sulphur ()*	Sulphur	S	354	248	1	61070	2045
Tennantite-(Fe) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₃	354	248	1	61070	1803
Tenorite ()*	None	CuO	354	248	1	61070	1101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn) ()*	Tetrahedrite	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₃	354	248	1	61070	5317
Ullmannite ()*	Ullmannite	NiSbS	354	248	1	61070	293
Valentinite ()*	None	Sb₂O₃	354	248	1	61070	369
Wittichenite ()*	None	Cu₃BiS₃	354	248	2	61070,61071	297

1 Ages assigned to this locality:

	Excel ID	Max Age (Ma)	Min Age (Ma)	Age as listed in reference	Dating Method	Age Interpret	Prioritized?	Sample Source	Sample Num	Run Num	Age from other Locality	Dated Mineral	Minerals explicitely stated as having this age	Age applies to these Elements	MinDat Locality ID	Dated Locality (Max Age)	Location as listed in reference	Reference	Reference DOI	Reference ID	Age Notes
	Hg-00059	354	248		?-?						Yes		Cinnabar, Corderoite, Mercury, Metacinnabar, Moschellandsbergite, Perroudite, Poyarkovite, Shakhovite, Tiemannite, Eglestonite	Hg	14243	Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany		Krupp (1984); Krupp et al. (1989)

Sample	Source Locality	Reference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...