Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Bergamo Province, Lombardy, Italy

Oldest recorded age at locality: 2000
Youngest recorded age at locality: 100

mindat Locality ID: 30124
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-30124.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Bergamo Province, Lombardy, Italy": 82
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 48

Number of Child Localities: 16
Child Localities:
Bracca
Brembana Valley
Camisolo Pass
Camonica Valley
Casazza
Cene
Colere
Imagna Valley
Oglio River Gold Alluvials
San Martino Valley
Scalve Valley
Seriana Valley
Serio River Gold Alluvials
Valtorta
Villongo
Zandobbio

Latitude: 45°54'28"N
Longitude: 9°48'34"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 45.907777777778,9.8094444444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B Ba Bi C Ca Cd Cl Cr Cu F Fe H Hg K Mg Mn Mo Na O P Pb S Sb Si Sr Ti U V Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAmorphousAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteArtiniteAutuniteAxinite
BaryteBournoniteBrackebuschiteBrochantiteBrookiteBruciteCalciteCaledoniteChabaziteChalcanthite
ChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCopperCorundumCovelliteCrichtoniteDevillineDiaspore
DundasiteEpidoteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGypsumKtenasiteLinariteMalachiteMarcasite
MelanteriteMeneghiniteMicaMiniumNickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivinePharmacosideritePhenakite
PolybasitePrehnitePyritePyrochlorePyroxeneQuartzRocksaltRutileScheeliteSchoepite
Smectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStibniteSulphurTalcTetrahedriteTitaniteTourmalineVesuvianite
VivianiteWollastoniteWurtziteZippeiteZircon

133 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Albite  (*)Anatase  (*)Andradite  (*)Anglesite  (*)
Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Anorthite  (*)Antlerite  (*)Aragonite  (*)
Arsenic  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Arsentsumebite  (*)Artinite  (*)Augite  (*)
Aurichalcite  (*)Autunite  (*)Axinite-(Fe)  (*)Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)
Bindheimite  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)Boulangerite  (*)Bournonite  (*)Brochantite  (*)
Brookite  (*)Brucite  (*)Calcite  (*)Caledonite  (*)Celestine  (*)
Cerussite  (*)Chabazite-Ca  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Cinnabar  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Clinozoisite  (*)Clintonite  (*)Copper  (*)
Covellite  (*)Cuprite  (*)Curite  (*)Dessauite-(Y)  (*)Diopside  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Dravite  (*)Dundasite  (*)Epidote  (*)Ferro-hornblende  (*)
Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)
Graphite  (*)Greenockite  (*)Grossular  (*)Gypsum  (*)Hematite  (*)
Hemimorphite  (*)Hydromagnesite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Lanarkite  (*)
Langite  (*)Leadhillite  (*)Linarite  (*)Macphersonite  (*)Magnetite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Massicot  (*)Melanterite  (*)
Meneghinite  (*)Mercury  (*)Metacinnabar  (*)Metalodèvite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)
Mimetite  (*)Minium  (*)Monticellite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Opal  (*)
Pearceite  (*)Pharmacosiderite  (*)Plattnerite  (*)Polybasite  (*)Prehnite  (*)
Pyrargyrite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)Pyrope  (*)
Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Realgar  (*)Redgillite  (*)Rosasite  (*)
Rutile  (*)Sabugalite  (*)Schoepite  (*)Schorl  (*)Schulenbergite  (*)
Serpierite  (*)Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)
Spinel  (*)Stibnite  (*)Strontianite  (*)Studtite  (*)Sulphur  (*)
Talc  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Titanite  (*)
Torbernite  (*)Uraninite  (*)Uranophane-α  (*)Uranopilite  (*)Vandendriesscheite  (*)
Vesuvianite  (*)Vivianite  (*)Willemite  (*)Wollastonite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Zincite  (*)Zinczippeite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S237201269800,698142793
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)869740,69742,69743,69744,69796,69798,69814,698178803
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO2369740,69743,698132162
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3269766,697681534
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)237201369754,69800,698142734
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)369751,69761,698141588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2369740,69743,697763092
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)269766,697681036
Antlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2+3(SO4)(OH)4169753246
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)569761,69767,69776,69778,698143250
Arsenic  (*)ArsenicAs2000100269787,69807379
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS2000100669740,69743,69744,69776,69807,698149052
Arsentsumebite  (*)BrackebuschitePb2Cu(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)16974537
Artinite  (*)ArtiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)2·3H2O16976875
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6469766,69767,69768,697772060
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)62372011069739,69746,69754,69755,69770,69793,69797,69800,69801,69814919
Autunite  (*)AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2·10-12H2O2000100269787,698071272
Axinite-(Fe)  (*)AxiniteCa4Fe2+2Al4[B2Si8O30](OH)2169744260
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)220001001469739,69741,69746,69747,69754,69755,69770,69776,69778,69787,69800,69801,69807,698145509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)2372011569738,69746,69747,69754,69759,69763,69770,69776,69778,69781,69787,69797,69800,69802,6981411547
Bindheimite  (*)PyrochlorePb2Sb5+2O7237201769739,69746,69754,69755,69770,69800,69801450
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S31697701935
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S11269739,69746843
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS32000100769746,69754,69755,69770,69800,69801,698071089
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)62000100469746,69778,69807,698141633
Brookite  (*)BrookiteTiO2269740,69743700
Brucite  (*)BruciteMg(OH)2169768462
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)20001002669736,69738,69739,69740,69742,69743,69746,69754,69755,69757,69758,69763,69766,69767,69768,69770,69776,69781,69790,69793,69797,69800,69801,69807,69814,6981727770
Caledonite  (*)CaledoniteCu2Pb5(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6169814359
Celestine  (*)BaryteSr(SO4)237201369736,69763,698001252
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)2372011069739,69746,69747,69754,69755,69770,69800,69801,69813,698144979
Chabazite-Ca  (*)ChabaziteCa2[Al4Si8O24]·13H2O169768310
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O169814925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S569744,69754,69776,69778,697875707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS22000100969740,69743,69744,69746,69758,69776,69778,69807,6981427198
Cinnabar  (*)NoneHgS469741,69754,69776,698142600
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)81698141756
Clinozoisite  (*)Clinozoisite EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)369744,69766,697681025
Clintonite  (*)Mica ClayCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)216976686
Copper  (*)CopperCu369754,69776,697783846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS369746,69754,697594165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O269778,698142970
Curite  (*)NonePb3+x[(UO2)4O4+x(OH)3-x]2·2H2O200010016980751
Dessauite-(Y)  (*)CrichtoniteSr(Y,U,Mn)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)381697989
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O61697684135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)220001001069736,69738,69740,69743,69757,69763,69790,69802,69807,698179895
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)369740,69743,69744648
Dundasite  (*)DundasitePbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4·H2O16981497
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)669744,69766,69767,69768,69777,697988173
Ferro-hornblende  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2169768271
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F269740,697432740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2969744,69746,69747,69754,69755,69758,69770,69772,698029617
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS20001001769739,69740,69743,69744,69746,69747,69754,69755,69759,69770,69793,69797,69800,69801,69807,69813,6981424243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)569739,69766,69778,69798,698147437
Gold  (*)CopperAu469773,69805,69806,6981030554
Graphite  (*)NoneC1697982812
Greenockite  (*)WurtziteCdS237201969739,69746,69754,69755,69770,69793,69800,69801,69814717
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)31697681544
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O2000100969746,69754,69761,69770,69776,69793,69800,69807,698146890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O3969744,69776,69778,69781,69795,69796,69798,69804,6981414640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O2372011069739,69746,69747,69754,69755,69770,69793,69800,69801,698141689
Hydromagnesite  (*)NoneMg5(CO3)4(OH)2·4H2O269767,69768341
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)6237201969739,69746,69747,69754,69755,69770,69793,69800,698011066
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3569740,69743,69773,69798,698105433
Lanarkite  (*)NonePb2O(SO4)16981497
Langite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·2H2O369754,69813,69814593
Leadhillite  (*)NonePb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)2169814265
Linarite  (*)LinariteCuPb(SO4)(OH)2469746,69754,69755,69814987
Macphersonite  (*)NonePb4(SO4)(CO3)2(OH)216981411
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4237201669773,69795,69800,69801,69804,6981014899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)220001001369740,69741,69743,69744,69746,69754,69755,69770,69776,69778,69787,69807,6981412537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)169776770
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS22000100769740,69743,69776,69778,69781,69795,698075674
Massicot  (*)NonePbO169814202
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O269781,69814915
Meneghinite  (*)MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24237201269746,69800158
Mercury  (*)NoneHg169781397
Metacinnabar  (*)SphaleriteHgS169776255
Metalodèvite  (*)NoneZn(UO2)2(AsO4)2·10H2O20001001698077
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O2000100269787,69807443
Mimetite  (*)ApatitePb5(AsO4)3Cl237201569746,69754,69800,69813,698141107
Minium  (*)MiniumPb2+2Pb4+O4469739,69746,69754,69814247
Monticellite  (*)OlivineCaMg(SiO4)169768153
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O1697471508
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O1697742994
Pearceite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(As,Sb)2S7]237201369754,69800,69801249
Pharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6-7H2O169776428
Plattnerite  (*)RutilePbO2237201569739,69746,69754,69793,69800158
Polybasite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2S7]237201269754,69800716
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)2269766,697681898
Pyrargyrite  (*)NoneAg3SbS3237201469740,69743,69746,698001425
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS220001001669738,69739,69740,69741,69742,69743,69744,69761,69763,69776,69785,69798,69800,69804,69807,6981439462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO21697763106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl369793,69813,698141725
Pyrope  (*)GarnetMg3Al2(SiO4)3169777341
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8269740,697439056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO220001003269739,69740,69741,69742,69743,69744,69746,69747,69754,69757,69758,69759,69761,69763,69764,69766,69770,69772,69776,69785,69787,69791,69796,69798,69800,69802,69806,69807,69809,69813,69814,6981761156
Realgar  (*)NoneAsS2000100269782,69807712
Redgillite  (*)NoneCu6(SO4)(OH)10·H2O16975445
Rosasite  (*)MalachiteCuZn(CO3)(OH)2369746,69754,69814454
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2369740,69743,697495614
Sabugalite  (*)NoneHAl(UO2)4(PO4)4·16H2O16978787
Schoepite  (*)Schoepite(UO2)4O(OH)6(H2O)6200010016980794
Schorl  (*)TourmalineNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)269805,698062705
Schulenbergite  (*)Ktenasite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10·3H2O169754142
Serpierite  (*)DevillineCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O369746,69754,69814292
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)20001001069740,69741,69742,69743,69744,69776,69781,69804,69807,698146417
Silver  (*)CopperAg269746,698145186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)237201969746,69747,69754,69755,69770,69793,69800,69801,698142473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS20001001569739,69740,69743,69746,69747,69754,69755,69759,69770,69793,69797,69800,69801,69807,6981421482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O4269766,697951934
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S3269746,697543418
Strontianite  (*)AragoniteSr(CO3)237201469742,69754,69763,69800589
Studtite  (*)None(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2·2H2O200010016980725
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS469740,69743,69761,698142045
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)21697683337
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S13369746,69754,697551803
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO269778,698141101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S132000100769740,69743,69746,69754,69759,69776,698075317
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O569766,69768,69777,69795,697984899
Torbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·12H2O2000100269787,698071059
Uraninite  (*)FluoriteUO22000100269787,698072718
Uranophane-α  (*)NoneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O2000100169807890
Uranopilite  (*)None(UO2)6(SO4)O2(OH)6·14H2O200010016980794
Vandendriesscheite  (*)NonePb1.6(UO2)10O6(OH)11·11H2O200010016980752
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10369766,69767,697681395
Vivianite  (*)VivianiteFe2+3(PO4)2·8H2O169816636
Willemite  (*)PhenakiteZn2SiO4237201169801303
Wollastonite  (*)WollastoniteCaSiO3269766,697681247
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO4237201969739,69746,69747,69754,69793,69797,69800,69801,698131655
Zincite  (*)WurtziteZnO16975498
Zinczippeite  (*)ZippeiteZn(UO2)2(SO4)O2·3.5H2O20001001698076
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)369766,69768,697855251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Giersdorf_00000856Uranium mineralization at the Novazza and Val Vedello mines are assocated with the post-Variscan volcanics of the Collio formation.
Giersdorf_00000857Uranium mineralization at the Novazza and Val Vedello mines are assocated with the post-Variscan volcanics of the Collio formation.
Giersdorf_00000858Uranium mineralization at the Novazza and Val Vedello mines are assocated with the post-Variscan volcanics of the Collio formation.


4 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
sedexmvt-00182237201Late Triassic host rock age      55978Gorno, Riso Valley, Seriana Valley, Bergamo Province, Lombardy, ItalyGornoTaylor et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009_1297 
Giersdorf_00000856200018002000-1800U-Pb       29926Novazza Mine, Valgoglio, Seriana Valley, Bergamo Province, Lombardy, ItalyNovazza U Ore DepositPhilippe et al. (1987) BM110_283Age of the basement at the two localities
Giersdorf_00000857280280280U-Pb       29926Novazza Mine, Valgoglio, Seriana Valley, Bergamo Province, Lombardy, ItalyNovazza U Ore DepositPhilippe et al. (1987) BM110_283Age of primary uranium mineralization
Giersdorf_00000858100100100U-Pb       29926Novazza Mine, Valgoglio, Seriana Valley, Bergamo Province, Lombardy, ItalyNovazza U Ore DepositPhilippe et al. (1987) BM110_283Age of uranium remobilization event

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R150074Selvino, Seriana Valley, Bergamo Province, Lombardy, Italyhttps://rruff.info/R150074

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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