Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org

Important Update News

The RRUFF Project is being updated to improve its interface and content. The beta version of the update is accessible to the public at RRUFF.net. New data is only being added to the beta site. Please note that it is in development, and some components are not functional. Existing RRUFF.info links will resolve to the new site after RRUFF.net is officially released.

We are grateful to NASA for the funding of this effort.


The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Ridder, East Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan

Oldest recorded age at locality: 408
Youngest recorded age at locality: 388

mindat Locality ID: 303263
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-303263.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Ridder, East Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan": 1
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Ridder-Sokolnoe Mine (Leninogorsk Mine)

Latitude: 50°21'26"N
Longitude: 83°32'23"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 50.357222222222,83.539722222222

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Cl Cu Fe H In K Mn O Pb S Sb Si Te Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAluniteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteBaryteBismutiteBournoniteBrochantiteCalcite
ChalcopyriteClayCopperCovelliteEnargiteEpsomiteMalachiteMeloniteMicaNolanite
NoneNot in a structural groupPyriteQuartzRocksaltRutileSphaleriteTetradymiteTetrahedriteWurtzite

43 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Aleksite  (*)Anglesite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)Bismuth  (*)Bismutite  (*)
Bornite  (*)Bournonite  (*)Brochantite  (*)Calaverite  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)Copper  (*)Covellite  (*)
Cuprite  (*)Enargite  (*)Ferrihydrite  (*)Galena  (*)Gold  (*)
Goslarite  (*)Hedleyite  (*)Hessite  (*)Indium  (*)Jarosite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Pilsenite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)Pyrite  (*)
Pyrolusite  (*)Quartz  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)
Stephanite  (*)Tetradymite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S4083881772572793
Aleksite  (*)TetradymitePbBi2Te2S240838817725728
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)4083881772572734
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS4083881772579052
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6408388177257919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)24083881772575509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)40838817725711547
Beaverite-(Cu)  (*)AlunitePb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6408388177257132
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi4083881772571966
Bismutite  (*)BismutiteBi2O2(CO3)408388177257716
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS44083881772575516
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS34083881772571089
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)64083881772571633
Calaverite  (*)MeloniteAuTe2408388177257361
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)4083881772574979
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S4083881772575707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS240838817725727198
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl4083881772571382
Copper  (*)CopperCu4083881772573846
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS4083881772574165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O4083881772572970
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS4408388177257910
Ferrihydrite  (*)NolaniteFe3+10O14(OH)240838817725786
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS40838817725724243
Gold  (*)CopperAu40838817725730554
Goslarite  (*)EpsomiteZn(SO4)·7H2O408388177257188
Hedleyite  (*)TetradymiteBi7Te3408388177257104
Hessite  (*)NoneAg2Te408388177257804
Indium  (*)NoneIn4083881772579
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)64083881772572228
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)240838817725712537
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)240838817725717380
Pilsenite  (*)TetradymiteBi4Te340838817725757
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6408388177257477
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS240838817725739462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO24083881772573106
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO240838817725761156
Silver  (*)CopperAg4083881772575186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)4083881772572473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS40838817725721482
Stephanite  (*)NoneAg5SbS4408388177257586
Tetradymite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te2S408388177257510
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S134083881772575317



2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
vms-00611408393Lower Devonian (Emsian)        19429Ridder-Sokolnoe Mine (Leninogorsk Mine), Ridder, East Kazakhstan, KazakhstanNovo-LeninogorskoeMoiser et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1034 
vms-00617408388Lower-Middle Devonian (Emsian-early Eifelian)        19429Ridder-Sokolnoe Mine (Leninogorsk Mine), Ridder, East Kazakhstan, KazakhstanRidder-Sokol’noeMoiser et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1034 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

All age data...

Other copyright data...