Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Kihlman Mt., Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, Russia

Oldest recorded age at locality: 413.6
Youngest recorded age at locality: 319.6

mindat Locality ID: 304576
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-304576.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Kihlman Mt., Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, Russia": 1
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 1

Number of Child Localities: 1
Child Localities:
Khibiny Station

Latitude: 67°40'23"N
Longitude: 33°12'44"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 67.673055555556,33.212222222222
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al C Ca Ce Cl F Fe H K Mn Na Nb O REE Si Sr Th Ti Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AmphiboleApatiteAstrophylliteChevkiniteCorundumEudialyteFeldsparFluoriteNonePerovskite
PhenakitePyroxeneTundriteWöhleriteZircon

19 IMA Minerals at location:
Aegirine  (*)Albite  (*)Arfvedsonite  (*)Britholite-(Ce)  (*)Chevkinite-(Ce)  (*)
Eudialyte  (*)Fluorite  (*)Kihlmanite-(Ce)  (*)Kupletskite  (*)Låvenite  (*)
Loparite-(Ce)  (*)Microcline  (*)Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)Pyrophanite  (*)Riebeckite  (*)
Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)Tundrite-(Ce)  (*)Willemite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Aegirine  (*)PyroxeneNaFe3+Si2O6413.6319.611028281022
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)413.6319.611028288803
Arfvedsonite  (*)AmphiboleNaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2413.6319.61102828295
Britholite-(Ce)  (*)Apatite(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3(OH)413.6319.61102828115
Chevkinite-(Ce)  (*)ChevkiniteCe4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2413.6319.6110282889
Eudialyte  (*)EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2413.6319.61102828182
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2413.6319.611028289617
Kihlmanite-(Ce)  (*)TundriteCe2TiO2(SiO4)(HCO3)2(H2O)413.6319.611028281
Kupletskite  (*)AstrophylliteK2NaMn2+7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F413.6319.6110282833
Låvenite  (*)Wöhlerite(Na,Ca)4(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(Zr,Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2(O,F)4413.6319.6110282858
Loparite-(Ce)  (*)Perovskite(Na,Ce,Sr)(Ce,Th)(Ti,Nb)2O6413.6319.6110282857
Microcline  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)413.6319.611028284924
Mosandrite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5   0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2413.6319.6110282845
Pyrophanite  (*)CorundumMn2+TiO3413.6319.61102828244
Riebeckite  (*)Amphibole   Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2413.6319.61102828375
Rinkite-(Ce)  (*)None(Ca3REE)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2413.6319.6110282853
Tundrite-(Ce)  (*)TundriteNa2Ce2TiO2(SiO4)(CO3)2413.6319.611028286
Willemite  (*)PhenakiteZn2SiO4413.6319.61102828303
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)413.6319.611028285251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0000483MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.
Jen_0000484MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.
Jen_0000485MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.
Jen_0000486MAGMATIC STYLE: 800 m diameter stock of multistage carbonatite breccias cut by stockwork of carbonatite veins. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Layered series including peralkaline and nepheline syenites, khibinite, rischorrite, melteigite, ijolite and urtite.


11 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_0000483378352365±13Rb-Sr apatite, nepheline  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Jen_0000484366.9357.9362.4±4.5Rb-Sr apatite, nepheline  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Jen_0000485381.2373.4377.3±3.9Sm-Nd apatite, nepheline  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Jen_0000486413.6319.6366.6±47Sm-Nd apatite, nepheline, calcite  Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinaErnst and Bell (2010)10.1007/s00710-009-0074-1MP98_55 
Kaitlynn000150390376383±7U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1338 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000151391377384±7U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1338 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000152372366369±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000153372366369±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-1 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000154373367370±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-2 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
Kaitlynn000155374368371±3U-PbFormation of alkaline intrusionsbiotiteKHI-2 Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibiny MassifArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 
P22_462_fig1_007383362      Yes  2680Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, RussiaKhibinyArzamastsev & Wu (2014)10.1134/S0869591114050026P22_462 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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