Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Central Macedonia, Greece

Oldest recorded age at locality: 25
Youngest recorded age at locality: 19

mindat Locality ID: 305695
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-305695.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Central Macedonia, Greece": 72
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 48

Number of Child Localities: 6
Child Localities:
Chalkidiki
Ianthia
Kilkis
Pella
Serres
Thessaloniki

Latitude: 40°49'56"N
Longitude: 23°17'4"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 40.832222222222,23.284444444444
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Cl Co Cr Cu F Fe H Ir K Mg Mn Mo Na Ni O Os P Pb Pd Pt Rh Ru S Sb Se Si Te Th Ti U W Y Zn Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAllophaneAluniteAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteArsenicArsenopyriteAuricuprideBournonite
BrochantiteBruciteCalciteChalcanthiteChalcopyriteChloriteClayClinozoisiteCobaltiteColumbite
CopiapiteCopperCorundumCovelliteCristobaliteCubaniteDiasporeDigeniteEnargiteEpidote
FeldsparFluoriteGarnetGeocroniteGypsumHalotrichiteIronIsomertieiteKaoliniteKobellite
LillianiteMalachiteMarcasiteMelanteriteMeloniteMeneghiniteMicaMilleriteMolybdeniteMonazite
NickelineNoneNot in a structural groupOlivineOrpimentPentlanditePerovskitePharmacosideritePotaritePrehnite
PyritePyroxeneQuartzRhodoniteRocksaltRutileScheeliteSerpentineSmectite-vermiculiteSphalerite
SpinelStibniteStilpnomelaneTalcTamarugiteTaranakiteTetradymiteTetrahedriteTitaniteTridymite
TurquoiseUllmanniteVesuvianiteWurtziteZircon

163 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Aikinite  (*)Albite  (*)Allophane  (*)Alunite  (*)
Alunogen  (*)Andradite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Argentopentlandite  (*)
Arsenocrandallite  (*)Arsenopyrite  (*)Awaruite  (*)Azurite  (*)Bismuth  (*)
Bismuthinite  (*)Bornite  (*)Boulangerite  (*)Bournonite  (*)Brochantite  (*)
Calcite  (*)Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)
Cheralite  (*)Chromite  (*)Clausthalite  (*)Clinochlore  (*)Clinozoisite  (*)
Cobaltite  (*)Conichalcite  (*)Copiapite  (*)Copper  (*)Cosalite  (*)
Covellite  (*)Crandallite  (*)Cristobalite  (*)Cubanite  (*)Cuprite  (*)
Digenite  (*)Diopside  (*)Dolomite  (*)Enargite  (*)Enstatite  (*)
Epidote  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Forsterite  (*)Freibergite  (*)
Galena  (*)Galenobismutite  (*)Geocronite  (*)Gladite  (*)Goethite  (*)
Gold  (*)Graphite  (*)Grossular  (*)Gustavite  (*)Gypsum  (*)
Hammarite  (*)Heazlewoodite  (*)Hematite  (*)Hessite  (*)Hollingworthite  (*)
Hydroxylapatite  (*)Ikunolite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Irarsite  (*)Iron  (*)
Isomertieite  (*)Jamesonite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Joséite-A  (*)Joséite-B  (*)
Kaolinite  (*)Kotulskite  (*)Krupkaite  (*)Laurite  (*)Lillianite  (*)
Lizardite  (*)Maghemite  (*)Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Majakite  (*)
Malachite  (*)Marcasite  (*)Matildite  (*)Maucherite  (*)Melanterite  (*)
Meneghinite  (*)Merenskyite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)Millerite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)
Moncheite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Naldrettite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)
Orpiment  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Osmium  (*)Paarite  (*)Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)
Pentlandite  (*)Petzite  (*)Pharmacosiderite  (*)Pickeringite  (*)Pilsenite  (*)
Platarsite  (*)Prehnite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyromorphite  (*)
Pyroxmangite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)Rhodonite  (*)
Riebeckite  (*)Romanèchite  (*)Rutile  (*)Salzburgite  (*)Sanidine  (*)
Scheelite  (*)Schreibersite  (*)Seligmannite  (*)Siderite  (*)Sobolevskite  (*)
Sopcheite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Spinel  (*)Stibnite  (*)Stilpnomelane  (*)
Stolzite  (*)Stromeyerite  (*)Sylvanite  (*)Taenite  (*)Talc  (*)
Tamarugite  (*)Taranakite  (*)Telargpalite  (*)Tellurobismuthite  (*)Telluronevskite  (*)
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tetraferroplatinum  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)Theophrastite  (*)Thorite  (*)
Titanite  (*)Tremolite  (*)Tridymite  (*)Troilite  (*)Tsumoite  (*)
Turquoise  (*)Vasilite  (*)Vermiculite  (*)Vesuvianite  (*)Vikingite  (*)
Yttrialite-(Y)  (*)Yttrocrasite-(Y)  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)22519264100,641023419
Aikinite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBiS3364106,64132,64133315
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)1919364100,64125,641358803
Allophane  (*)AllophaneAl2O3(SiO2)1.3-2.0·2.5-3.0H2O164148470
Alunite  (*)NoneKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6164148966
Alunogen  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2(SO4)3(H2O)12·5H2O2524164099272
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)32524364102,64128,641441534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)19191641001588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)225241640993092
Argentopentlandite  (*)PentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S816413267
Arsenocrandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)616414812
Arsenopyrite  (*)ArsenopyriteFeAsS25191064099,64100,64102,64103,64106,64125,64132,64133,64135,641529052
Awaruite  (*)Auricupride PerovskiteNi3Fe164128166
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)21919364100,64135,641485509
Bismuth  (*)ArsenicBi264106,641321966
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S32524464102,64106,64132,641331935
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS42519464100,64102,64106,641355516
Boulangerite  (*)NonePb5Sb4S112524364099,64101,64102843
Bournonite  (*)BournoniteCuPbSbS32524264099,641021089
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)625241640991633
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)25241264097,64099,64101,64102,64103,64126,64141,64142,64143,64144,64148,6416327770
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)2524264099,641524979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O2524164099925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S2519364099,64100,641355707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS225191164099,64100,64102,64106,64132,64133,64134,64135,64148,64150,6415227198
Cheralite  (*)MonaziteCaTh(PO4)216413550
Chromite  (*)SpinelFe2+Cr2O41364105,64115,64116,64117,64118,64126,64128,64141,64142,64143,64144,64154,641573902
Clausthalite  (*)RocksaltPbSe1919164100281
Clinochlore  (*)Chlorite ClayMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8264105,641261756
Clinozoisite  (*)Clinozoisite EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)1641351025
Cobaltite  (*)CobaltiteCoAsS264132,64133966
Conichalcite  (*)AdeliteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)164148363
Copiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O2524164099382
Copper  (*)CopperCu264126,641353846
Cosalite  (*)NonePb2Bi2S52524264099,64106344
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS2519564099,64100,64102,64135,641524165
Crandallite  (*)AluniteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6164149310
Cristobalite  (*)CristobaliteSiO2164154453
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S32524164099802
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O1919264100,641352970
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S19191641001027
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O62524364102,64126,641284135
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)22524464099,64102,64126,641359895
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS42524164102910
Enstatite  (*)PyroxeneMg2Si2O6164126944
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)2519664100,64102,64124,64135,64148,641508173
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F1641352740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF219191641009617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)1641261188
Freibergite  (*)TetrahedriteAg6[Cu4Fe2]Sb4S12164133663
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS25191364099,64100,64101,64102,64103,64104,64106,64132,64133,64134,64135,64150,6415224243
Galenobismutite  (*)KobellitePbBi2S4164106192
Geocronite  (*)GeocronitePb14Sb6S232524264099,64102133
Gladite  (*)MeneghiniteCuPbBi5S916410667
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)1919864100,64132,64135,64141,64142,64143,64148,641527437
Gold  (*)CopperAu2519964098,64100,64102,64106,64132,64133,64135,64152,6415830554
Graphite  (*)NoneC2524364099,64102,641632812
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)32524264102,641441544
Gustavite  (*)LillianiteAgPbBi3S6164106113
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O2524364102,64109,641486890
Hammarite  (*)MeneghiniteCu2Pb2Bi4S916410643
Heazlewoodite  (*)NoneNi3S2264126,64128205
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O32519764100,64102,64135,64141,64142,64143,6414814640
Hessite  (*)NoneAg2Te1919364100,64132,64133804
Hollingworthite  (*)UllmanniteRhAsS164128119
Hydroxylapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3OH1919164100367
Ikunolite  (*)TetradymiteBi4S316410654
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3364135,64154,641635433
Irarsite  (*)PyriteIrAsS164128154
Iron  (*)IronFe1641541089
Isomertieite  (*)IsomertieitePd11Sb2As2191916410048
Jamesonite  (*)NonePb4FeSb6S142524264102,64103784
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)625241640992228
Joséite-A  (*)TetradymiteBi4TeS216410650
Joséite-B  (*)TetradymiteBi4Te2S16410686
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)42519464099,64100,64135,641505591
Kotulskite  (*)NickelinePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)1919164100116
Krupkaite  (*)MeneghinitePbCuBi3S616410680
Laurite  (*)PyriteRuS2164128226
Lillianite  (*)LillianitePb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6164106128
Lizardite  (*)Serpentine ClayMg3Si2O5(OH)4164126359
Maghemite  (*)Spinel(Fe3+0.67   0.33)Fe3+2O4364141,64142,64143229
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)764105,64107,64111,64120,64122,64126,641651487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O425191064100,64102,64126,64132,64135,64141,64142,64143,64144,6414814899
Majakite  (*)NonePdNiAs16412822
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)22519564099,64100,64135,64148,6415212537
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS22524464099,64102,64132,641525674
Matildite  (*)NoneAgBiS2164106252
Maucherite  (*)NoneNi11As8264126,64128161
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O2524164099915
Meneghinite  (*)MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S242524264099,64101158
Merenskyite  (*)MelonitePdTe21919164100155
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O264129,64135443
Millerite  (*)MilleriteNiS564126,64141,64142,64143,641441066
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS21919364100,64106,641355800
Moncheite  (*)MelonitePt(Te,Bi)21919164100133
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O1919264100,641501508
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)22519764100,64102,64106,64125,64135,64150,6416317380
Naldrettite  (*)NonePd2Sb191916410011
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6164148254
Orpiment  (*)OrpimentAs2S3164109511
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)264135,641382349
Osmium  (*)NoneOs164135169
Paarite  (*)MeneghiniteCu1.7Pb1.7Bi6.3S121641067
Gersdorffite-Pa3  (*)PyriteNiAsS164132767
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S8464126,64128,64132,641331512
Petzite  (*)NoneAg3AuTe2164132409
Pharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6-7H2O2524164104428
Pickeringite  (*)HalotrichiteMgAl2(SO4)4·22H2O164109265
Pilsenite  (*)TetradymiteBi4Te316413257
Platarsite  (*)PyritePtAsS16412844
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)21641591898
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS225191664097,64099,64100,64101,64102,64103,64106,64125,64132,64133,64134,64135,64148,64150,64152,6416339462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO22524264102,641043106
Pyromorphite  (*)ApatitePb5(PO4)3Cl25241641041725
Pyroxmangite  (*)NoneMn2+SiO32524164099147
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S82524664102,64106,64132,64133,64135,641529056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO225192064097,64099,64100,64101,64102,64103,64104,64106,64122,64125,64126,64128,64133,64135,64141,64142,64143,64152,64154,6416361156
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)2524564097,64099,64102,64103,641041711
Rhodonite  (*)RhodoniteCaMn3Mn(Si5O15)2524164099969
Riebeckite  (*)Amphibole   Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2364141,64142,64143375
Romanèchite  (*)None(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O102524164104312
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO22519564099,64100,64135,64163,641645614
Salzburgite  (*)MeneghiniteCu1.6Pb1.6Bi6.4S121641066
Sanidine  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)264135,64138598
Scheelite  (*)ScheeliteCa(WO4)2524364099,64102,641254894
Schreibersite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)3P164154374
Seligmannite  (*)BournoniteCuPbAsS3252416410264
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)264106,641326417
Sobolevskite  (*)NickelinePdBi191916410044
Sopcheite  (*)NoneAg4Pd3Te4191916410024
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS25191164099,64100,64102,64103,64106,64132,64133,64134,64135,64150,6415221482
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O41641541934
Stibnite  (*)StibniteSb2S32524364101,64102,641353418
Stilpnomelane  (*)Stilpnomelane Clay(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36·nH2O364141,64142,64143456
Stolzite  (*)ScheelitePb(WO4)164125156
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS1919164100332
Sylvanite  (*)MeloniteAgAuTe41919264100,64132337
Taenite  (*)None(Ni,Fe)164154703
Talc  (*)Clay TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2564105,64126,64141,64142,641433337
Tamarugite  (*)TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2·6H2O16410987
Taranakite  (*)TaranakiteK3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2·18H2O16414957
Telargpalite  (*)None(Pd,Ag)3Te191916410018
Tellurobismuthite  (*)TetradymiteBi2Te3264132,64133276
Telluronevskite  (*)TetradymiteBi3TeSe21641063
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S132524364102,64133,641521803
Tetraferroplatinum  (*)PotaritePtFe16412866
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S132519564099,64100,64102,64132,641525317
Theophrastite  (*)BruciteNi(OH)21641446
Thorite  (*)ZirconTh(SiO4)19191641001006
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O1641634899
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)21641262562
Tridymite  (*)TridymiteSiO2164154458
Troilite  (*)NoneFeS1641541044
Tsumoite  (*)TetradymiteBiTe164106100
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O164135484
Vasilite  (*)None(Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)716412811
Vermiculite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4·8H2O164126652
Vesuvianite  (*)Vesuvianite(Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)101641441395
Vikingite  (*)LillianiteAg5Pb8Bi13S3016410627
Yttrialite-(Y)  (*)NoneY2Si2O716413525
Yttrocrasite-(Y)  (*)Columbite(Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)61641358
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)1919664100,64106,64124,64135,64163,641645251


3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
sedznpb-00211252425–24        28239Cassandra Mine (Kassandra), Cassandra Mines, Aristotelis, Chalkidiki, Central Macedonia, GreeceKassandraSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
sedznpb-00213252425–24        6963Olympiada Mine (Olympias Mine), Cassandra Mines, Aristotelis, Chalkidiki, Central Macedonia, GreeceOlympiasSinger et al. (2009) USGSOFR2009-1252 
PorphCu-00035191919      Actinolite, Albite, Anhydrite, Arsenopyrite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite, Epidote, Fluorite, Galena, Goethite, Gold, Kaolinite, Magnetite, Montmorillonite, Pyrite, Sphalerite, ElectrumCu9706Skouries Mine, Cassandra Mines, Aristotelis, Chalkidiki, Central Macedonia, GreeceSkouries/FisokaSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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