Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA

Oldest recorded age at locality: 63.5
Youngest recorded age at locality: 17.97

mindat Locality ID: 31071
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-31071.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA": 81
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 64

Number of Child Localities: 17
Child Localities:
Belcher Mine
Boston Property (California Extension; Tuff Surprise; White Horse Claims; Hoover Extension; Cyclone)
Eureka Mine
Falcon Mines
Hard Cash Mine
Hutton Peak Area
Kings Crown Peak Area
Lewis Mine
North King Mine
Potts Canyon
Red Top Group (Nellis Claim)
Roblas Butte Area
Silver Queen Mine
Snow White Perlite Mine
South King Mine
Superior
Surprise Mine

Latitude: 33°20'5"N
Longitude: 111°7'6"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): 33.334722222222,-111.11833333333
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au Ba Bi C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H K Mg Mn Mo Na O Pb S Sb Si V Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AcanthiteAllophaneAmphiboleAndalusiteApatiteAragoniteArsenicBaryteBrochantiteCalcite
ChalcanthiteChalcopyriteClayClinozoisiteCopiapiteCopperCoquimbiteCoronaditeCorundumCovellite
CubaniteDiasporeDigeniteEnargiteEpidoteFluoriteGarnetGermaniteGypsumKaolinite
KieseriteMalachiteMicaMolybdeniteNoneNot in a structural groupPolybasitePyritePyrophylliteQuartz
RocksaltRutileScheeliteSerpentineSmectite-vermiculiteSphaleriteSpinelStanniteTetrahedriteTopaz
VoltaiteWurtzite

81 IMA Minerals at location:
Acanthite  (*)Actinolite  (*)Alunite  (*)Andalusite  (*)Anglesite  (*)
Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Antimony  (*)Antlerite  (*)Aurichalcite  (*)
Azurite  (*)Baryte  (*)Bornite  (*)Brochantite  (*)Calcite  (*)
Cerussite  (*)Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chlorargyrite  (*)
Chrysocolla  (*)Chrysotile  (*)Colusite  (*)Copiapite  (*)Copper  (*)
Coquimbite  (*)Coronadite  (*)Covellite  (*)Cryptomelane  (*)Cubanite  (*)
Cuprite  (*)Dickite  (*)Digenite  (*)Dioptase  (*)Djurleite  (*)
Enargite  (*)Epidote  (*)Famatinite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Freibergite  (*)
Galena  (*)Gold  (*)Grossular  (*)Groutite  (*)Gypsum  (*)
Hematite  (*)Hemimorphite  (*)Hetaerolite  (*)Hydrozincite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)
Lindgrenite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)Massicot  (*)
Molybdenite  (*)Muscovite  (*)Olivenite  (*)Polybasite  (*)Proustite  (*)
Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Quartz  (*)Rhodochrosite  (*)
Rhomboclase  (*)Sauconite  (*)Siderite  (*)Silver  (*)Sphalerite  (*)
Stromeyerite  (*)Szomolnokite  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tenorite  (*)Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)
Topaz  (*)Vanadinite  (*)Voltaite  (*)Wittichenite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Zunyite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Acanthite  (*)AcanthiteAg2S62602145876,1458972793
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)263.563.511459403419
Alunite  (*)NoneKAl3(SO4)2(OH)663.563.51145940966
Andalusite  (*)AndalusiteAl2SiO563.563.511459401310
Anglesite  (*)BarytePb(SO4)11458762734
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)63.563.511459401588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2626011459313092
Antimony  (*)ArsenicSb1145876363
Antlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2+3(SO4)(OH)41145876246
Aurichalcite  (*)None(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)61145876919
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)262603145876,145897,1459315509
Baryte  (*)BaryteBa(SO4)62602145876,14593111547
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS463.5604145876,145903,145931,1459405516
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6626011459311633
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)63.5609145876,145897,145898,145901,145903,145927,145929,145931,14594027770
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)62603145876,145897,1458984979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O62601145931925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S63.5607145876,145890,145897,145903,145927,145931,1459405707
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS263.5605145876,145897,145926,145931,14594027198
Chlorargyrite  (*)RocksaltAgCl62605145865,145867,145876,145897,1458991382
Chrysocolla  (*)Allophane(Cu2-xAlx)H2-xSi2O5(OH)4·nH2O62603145903,145927,1459313531
Chrysotile  (*)Serpentine ClayMg3Si2O5(OH)462603145878,145889,145905951
Colusite  (*)Sphalerite GermaniteCu13VAs3S1662601145931110
Copiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O62601145931382
Copper  (*)CopperCu62602145876,1459313846
Coquimbite  (*)CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12·6H2O62601145931136
Coronadite  (*)CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O1662601145931227
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS63.5603145876,145931,1459404165
Cryptomelane  (*)CoronaditeK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O1662601145931599
Cubanite  (*)Cubanite WurtziteCuFe2S362601145931802
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O62603145876,145903,1459312970
Dickite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)463.563.51145940651
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S63.5602145931,1459401027
Dioptase  (*)NoneCuSiO3·H2O62602145931,145933164
Djurleite  (*)NoneCu31S1662601145931300
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS463.5602145931,145940910
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)63.563.511459408173
Famatinite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu3SbS462601145931163
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF263.5603145876,145931,1459409617
Freibergite  (*)TetrahedriteAg6[Cu4Fe2]Sb4S121145876663
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS63.5606145876,145894,145897,145931,145937,14594024243
Gold  (*)CopperAu62606145876,145897,145899,145912,145927,14593130554
Grossular  (*)GarnetCa3Al2(SiO4)3626011459311544
Groutite  (*)DiasporeMn3+O(OH)6260114593172
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O626011459316890
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O363.5606145876,145899,145907,145927,145931,14594014640
Hemimorphite  (*)Not in a structural groupZn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O626011459311689
Hetaerolite  (*)SpinelZnMn3+2O46260114591073
Hydrozincite  (*)NoneZn5(CO3)2(OH)662602145916,1459311066
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)463.563.511459405591
Lindgrenite  (*)NoneCu3(Mo6+O4)2(OH)26260114589321
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O463.5602145931,14594014899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)262606145876,145890,145897,145903,145927,14593112537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)62603145876,145898,145931770
Massicot  (*)NonePbO1145876202
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS263.563.511459405800
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)263.5602145931,14594017380
Olivenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(AsO4)(OH)62602145931,145933492
Polybasite  (*)Polybasite[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2S7]1145876716
Proustite  (*)NoneAg3AsS362601145897733
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS263.5607145876,145897,145903,145917,145927,145931,14594039462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO262604145901,145910,145929,1459313106
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)263.563.51145940771
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO263.5608145876,145886,145897,145901,145912,145930,145931,14594061156
Rhodochrosite  (*)CalciteMn(CO3)626011459311711
Rhomboclase  (*)Not in a structural group(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2·2H2O6260114593153
Sauconite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculiteNa0.3Zn3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O6260114593156
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)62603145876,145901,1459316417
Silver  (*)CopperAg62604145876,145897,145927,1459315186
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS63.5604145876,145897,145931,14594021482
Stromeyerite  (*)NoneCuAgS62602145876,145931332
Szomolnokite  (*)KieseriteFe(SO4)·H2O62601145931139
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S13626011459311803
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO626011459311101
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S1362602145876,1459315317
Topaz  (*)TopazAl2SiO4F263.563.511459401476
Vanadinite  (*)ApatitePb5(VO4)3Cl62604145876,145897,145898,145931605
Voltaite  (*)VoltaiteK2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12·18H2O62601145931111
Wittichenite  (*)NoneCu3BiS362601145931297
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO462605145876,145897,145898,145899,1459311655
Zunyite  (*)NoneAl13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl63.563.5114594086


3 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Giersdorf_0000042818.7317.9718.35±0.38K-Ar  UAKA-73-109    14241Superior, Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USAReevis CanyonShafiqullah et al. (1980) AGSD12_201 
Mo-001296260 X, Strat     Lindgrenite, WulfeniteMo14241Superior, Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USA Manske and Paul (2002)10.2113/gsecongeo.97.2.197EG97_197 
PorphCu-0070563.563.5probably Laramide      Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Epidote, Fluorite, Molybdenite, Pyrite, TopazCu265644Resolution Deposit, Superior, Pioneer District, Pinal Mts, Pinal Co., Arizona, USAResolutionSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL

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